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Biomedical subjects

A Anderegg

Publications and source records attributed to A Anderegg.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Piezoelectric shockwave lithotripters: differences in fragmentation efficiency in vitro.

In a comparative assessment of the stone fragmentation efficacy of different piezoelectric lithotripters 72 human gallstones consisting of 24 sets of 3 stones each were disintegrated in vitro using the Piezolith 2300, the EDAP LT.01, and the Therasonic. On the basis of the maximum diameter the calculi were divided into group A (6-15 mm; n = 3 x 16) and group B (16-25 mm; n = 3 x 8) and were treated by using the maximum energy setting of each lithotripter (Piezolith 2300: setting 4, high power; EDAP LT.01: 95%; Therasonic: setting 7). Shockwave application was terminated when the residual fragments measured < or = 4 mm or after a total number of 6000 pulses. With the Piezolith 2300 all calculi could be disintegrated into fragments < or = 4 mm. In contrast, fragmentation was not successful, even after 6000 applied pulses, in the case of 2 and 6 stones when using EDAP LT.01 and the Therasonic lithotripters, respectively. With the remaining concrements of group A (n = 3 x 11) the fragmentation end point was achieved after a lower number of pulses when the Piezolith 2300 (median, 250 pulses; range, 50-500 pulses) was used than with the EDAP LT.01 (1000; 150-2500; p < 0.01) and the Therasonic lithotripters (2750; 750-5500; p < 0.01). Similar results were obtained for group B (n = 3 x 6): the Piezolith 2300 required fewer pulses (200; 100-1250) than the EDAP LT.01 (1000; 500-1000; p < 0.05) and the Therasonic (2000, 500-4000; p < 0.05) units.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1990

[Applications of color Doppler ultrasonics in gastroenterology].

Duplex-sonography has permitted to derive Doppler-signal curves in color. Direction of flow is indicated by blue or red, according to flow from or to the probe. This permits a rapid investigation and yields intelligible images. In liver transplantation, potency and flow through parenchymal arteries and veins can be visualized. Alterations of flow in the suprahepatic venous circulation and in the portal circulation in cirrhotic patients and the development of a collateral circulation are described. With the color-Doppler imaging technique, peripheral parenchymal vessels can be studied, which is of great use in the diagnosis of tumors and in cases of abdominal trauma.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1990

Incidence of gallbladder lithiasis after ceftriaxone treatment.

Ceftriaxone has potent activity against a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. While it is eliminated mainly by the kidney, 10-20% of the drug is eliminated in the bile and ceftriaxone salt precipitates have been described in the gallbladder of animals dosed with ceftriaxone. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the incidence of biliary lithiasis 6 and 12 months after treatment with ceftriaxone and to compare it with that in patients treated with amoxycillin/clavulanate. Biliary ultrasonography was performed at the start of treatment, at 6 months and at 12 months after the beginning of the study. One hundred patients were randomized and 74 were evaluable: 34 were given amoxycillin/clavulanate, 40 ceftriaxone. Gallbladder lithiasis developed in one patient 12 months after the amoxycillin/clavulanate treatment and in none in the ceftriaxone treatment arm. Biliary precipitate during ceftriaxone treatment was not looked for because this phenomenon was not known at the beginning of the study, but gallbladder precipitation that was seen in two patients given ceftriaxone during and at the end of treatment, respectively, resolved spontaneously. In conclusion, ceftriaxone treatment does not appear to lead to gallstone formation more often than an antibiotic that is not eliminated through the bile.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Scrotal sonography.

During the last 10 years, sonography has become an essential examination in establishing the diagnosis of urological diseases. The use of high frequency real-time probes makes the visualization of superficial organs easy. Sonography is a valuable method for distinguishing an intrinsic testicular lesion from an extrinsic one. But, it is not always possible to perform a differential diagnosis between a vascular or an inflammatory process in an equivocal clinical situation. Color Doppler sonography is a system which combines conventional real-time sonography with real-time two-dimensional Doppler imaging. Thus, at the same time, it offers the possibility of viewing the lesion and checking the organ's vascularization. Our first clinical experience with this new device is presented.

Genital Diseases, Male↗
PubMed1989

[The contribution of scrotal and abdominal computerized tomography in assessing malignant tumor of the testis].

In the last 10 years, sonography has become an essential examination to establish the diagnosis of urologic diseases. The use of high frequency real-time probes makes the visualization of superficial organs easy. Clinical datas and the informations obtained from 400 testicular and 23 abdominal sonographies performed between july 1981 and december 1986, give us a good idea concerning the use of such examinations in the diagnosis and abdominal staging of testicular cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Echography of the soft tissues of the neck].

Clinical examination remains of utmost importance when dealing with patients presenting with symptoms in the cervical region. High frequency real time ultrasound can confirm a clinical diagnoses and give precise information about measurements and content of the lesion. Ultrasound guided needle punctures for cytology or microbiology are most informative. Duplex or better color Doppler instruments provide information about the vascular supply of a lesion. Thyroïd, parathyroid, salivary glands, lymph nodes and blood vessels of the cervical region are studied. Malformations and tumors of the neck, of the tongue and of the subclavian fossae are portrayed.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1989

Echography of pulmonary sequestration.

Pulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital disorder in which a portion of normal lung tissue lacks normal connections with the tracheo-bronchial tree and the pulmonary arteries. We report on three cases of left lower lobe extrapleural sequestrations that have been studied with ultrasound since 1980. In the two more recent cases demonstration of the feeding vessel originating directly in the abdominal aorta by real-time ultrasound permitted very rapid non-invasive diagnosis of the malformation. We recommend that a search should be made for such an aberrant vessel with real-time ultrasound whenever a pulmonary sequestration is suspected.

Bronchopulmonary Sequestration↗
PubMed1989

[Conservative treatment of splenic injuries in the adult].

Because of the risk of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection, the current trend favors conservative treatment for splenic trauma. Out of a total of 70 cases of splenic trauma in adults seen over the last 5 1/2 years, 19 spleens were preserved, 13 with, 6 without operations. Ten operated spleens were examined by Duplex-sonography, on average 38 months after surgery. The results show that in all cases, the spleen was morphologically and hemodynamically restored to normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Quantitative measure of the output of the deep abdominal vessels with a new device Duplex. Preliminary results].

Deep abdominal vessels blood flow can be measured noninvasively with the relation Q = V x A, where Q = flow, V = blood velocity and A = area of the considered vessel. In most Duplex devices, V is only calculated as a mean by the Doppler effect and A estimated by an echograph. Our newly developed multi-gated pulsed Doppler provides the velocity profile across the vessel, so minimizing errors in flow determination. On fifty healthy volunteers, we found flow of 717 +/- 238 ml/min for the portal vein, 1594 +/- 293 ml/min for the upper abdominal aorta and 794 +/- 168 ml/min for the lower aorta. These results are obtained through many technical and practical problems, but are feasible, even if still subject to errors. Further investigation will determine if the technique is also suitable for patients. Better assessment of deep abdominal vessels hemodynamics may be expected.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Echography of superficial structures].

Sonography is nowadays a routine procedure when gallstones or a tumor of an abdominal organ are suspected. More recently with advance in technology it has become possible to image superficial structures. Modern high resolution realtime machines show soft tissue structure and movements. Duplex machines show simultaneously tissue structure and blood flow by gated Doppler. The most recent machines show coloured blood-flow. The superficial structures studied by sonography are: the abdomen in pediatrics, the brain and medulla under the age of 6 months, the eye, the breast, the testes, the small parts of the neck and the extremities, non-ossified skeleton. Imaging of these structures is quite well known. Diagnostic value of simultaneous blood-flow studies has to be explored. Miniaturization of ultrasound transducers allows applications during surgery and endoscopy. Practical use of these procedures has to be defined. Because of all that work in progress ultrasound is now in touch with most fields of somatic medicine. Basic knowledge of ultrasound has to be integrated in the training of the future doctors to the same extent as radiology

Abdomen↗
PubMed1987

Biliary calculi caused by hemobilia.

Formation of biliary calculi caused by hemobilia is rare. Including the two cases reported here, there are only a total of four in the literature. The characteristics of these calculi in vitro, on computerized tomographic scan, and cholecystography are described. The condition for the occurrence seems to be that blood clots remain in the gallbladder sufficiently long (about 6 months) to become encrusted with bile constituents. Patients with hemobilia with clots in the gallbladder should be observed for this complication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Peroperative sonography for localization of intracerebral space-occupying lesions].

Sonography can be used to localize subcortical or deeply located brain lesions during operation. 22 lesions were found on 19 patients undergoing 20 craniotomies. Our conclusions are the following: A common linear array system, transmitting a frequency of 5 MHz, is suitable and gives high quality pictures, but a small high frequency sector scanner with optimal superficial resolution would appear to be desirable. After craniotomy, sonography may discover additional lesions not identified during previous investigations (CT or angiography). Close observation of the sonographic appearance of a brain lesion can give information complementary to that gathered by preoperative radiology.

Brain↗