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Biomedical subjects

A Aoike

Publications and source records attributed to A Aoike.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Calcium-dependent signaling of acid secretion in isolated parietal cells from guinea pigs and its modification by ethanol].

Treatment of isolated parietal cells from guinea pig gastric mucosa with ethanol caused a rapid increase in [Ca2+]i and concomitant decrease in the capacity for carbachol-stimulated acid secretion in a dose dependent manner. Carbachol rapidly increased the [Ca2+]i from trimethoxybenzoic acid 8-(diethylamino)-octyl ester sensitive intracellular pool. In contrast, the increase with ethanol was through La3+ sensitive Ca2+ channel from external source, which suppressed the Ca2+ response subsequently stimulated with carbachol. Pretreatment of the cells with EGTA or La3+ completely prevented the elevation of [Ca2+]i with ethanol and preserved the Ca2+ response to carbachol. These findings indicate that ethanol-induced elevation of [Ca2+]i may desensitize the stimulation of carbachol. Furthermore, treatment of the parietal cells with ethanol increased the activity of protein kinase C in both cytosolic and membrane fractions of the cells. Activation of protein kinase C with phorbol diester suppressed the capacity for acid secretion. These results suggest that ethanol may inhibit the carbachol-stimulated acid secretion through the desensitization of Ca2+ response and the activation of protein kinase C.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of food intake, dietary habits and life style on health status as determined by clinical blood tests of adult men].

A survey of the frequency of various kinds of foods, dietary habits, life style, and health status was performed on 2,049 men aged from 40 to 59 living in an urban area who were participants in a "human dock" medical checkup. The relationships between these factors and health status were studied in order to identify a particular life style associated with good health status. The instrument utilized in this survey was a special form of a structured questionnaire. The results are summarized below. 1. The frequency of various kinds of foods were correlated with the kind of breakfast eaten, dietary habits, physical exercise habits, daily physical activity, smoking, and occupation. The strongest correlation to frequency of various kinds of foods was found to be with the kind of breakfast eaten and dietary habits. 2. Dietary habits were also correlated to various aspects of life style: smoking, drinking, the frequency of various kinds of foods, kind of breakfast eaten, daily physical activity, sleeping hours, habits related to physical exercise, and the frequency of meals eaten away from home. Dietary habits correlated most closely with the frequency of various kinds of foods and daily physical activity. The frequency of various kinds of food and dietary habits were found to correlate with various aspects of life style, and those subjects with good overall life styles were also found to have desirable dietary life styles. The correlation of desirable dietary habits, food intake and a suitable life style with good health status was confirmed by the results of clinical blood tests used as an index of health status.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1991

Delta 12-prostaglandin J2 mimics heat shock in inducing cell cycle arrest at G1 phase.

Using a human neuroblastoma cell line GOTO, the effects of delta 12-prostaglandin (PG) J2 on the modulation of cell cycle progression and protein synthesis were examined in comparison with those caused by heat shock (HS). delta 12-PGJ2 induced G1 arrest, the peak of which was obtained at 24 h and continued for 72 h. HS was found to induce G1 arrest earlier than delta 12-PGJ2. Furthermore, sequential HS could maintain G1 arrest. delta 12-PGJ2 induced the synthesis of several heat shock proteins (HSPs) in a manner similar to HS. Using immunoblot analysis, HSP72 was detected prior to inducing G1 arrest and accumulated during the subsequent 72h. The content of HSP72 induced by HS also correlated well with the induction, release, and maintenance of G1 arrest. In addition, both delta 12-PGJ2 and HS induced HSP72 mRNA and simultaneously suppressed N-myc mRNA expression. These results suggest that delta 12-PGJ2 and HS regulate cell cycle progression of GOTO cells via similar mechanisms.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1991

Factors influencing peptic ulcer frequency in Asian and Australasian countries.

A self-administered questionnaire to the participants of Kyoto Satellite symposium on peptic ulcer which was held on October 28th 1990 was conducted to reveal the background of health and medical system and condition that are thought to affect the clinical frequency of peptic ulcer. Their countries were Japan, South Korea, China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, the Philippines, Thailand, India, Australia and New Zealand. The questionnaires are composed of a demographic population, number of doctors, activities of gastroenterology related societies, education system for medical doctors and so on. Brief results of this investigation are reported.

Asia↗
PubMed1991

Induction of heat shock proteins and their implication in protection against ethanol-induced damage in cultured guinea pig gastric mucosal cells.

The induction of heat shock proteins in cultured guinea pig gastric mucosal cells was investigated to assess their role in gastric cytoprotection. In response to sublethal heat stress at 43 degrees C for 1 hour, the cells synthesized a 72-kilodalton protein and increased the synthesis of 74- and 90-kilodalton proteins, which were detected using gel electrophoresis after [35S]methionine labeling of the cells. Immunoblot analysis indicated that the 72- and 74-kilodalton proteins were members of the heat shock protein 70 family. Northern blot analysis showed the induction of a 2.6-kilobase messenger RNA of heat shock protein 70 gene only with heat treatment. Furthermore, with heat treatment, there was significant reduction of damage after ethanol treatment. This reduction was blocked with a protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, and was associated with inhibition of synthesis of heat shock proteins. These results strongly suggest that synthesis of heat shock proteins plays an important role in the intracellular mechanism of gastric protection against ethanol.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A case-control study of ulcerative colitis].

In order to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of ulcerative colitis, we conducted a matched case-control study of ulcerative colitis. Fifty patients with ulcerative colitis diagnosed at three hospitals in Kyoto, Osaka and Hyogo Prefectures in Japan during 1984 and 1987 were interviewed about their habitual and pre-illness diets, personal habits, past histories and family histories. The results were compared to those for fifty healthy controls who were matched for sex and age (+/- 2 years) and participated in health-screening examinations in Kyoto or Osaka during the same period. Frequent intake of rice (4 or more bowls a day), bread (3 or more times a week), and green tea (7 or more cups a day) significantly increased the relative risk of ulcerative colitis. However, a past history of appendectomy was negatively correlated with the disease. There were no relationships between ulcerative colitis and consumption of animal foods and tobacco.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of ethanol on acid secretion by isolated parietal cells from guinea pig].

We studied the effects of ethanol (0.1-10%) on acid secretion of parietal cell-rich fractions isolated from guinea pig gastric mucosa. Ethanol (0.1-3%) increased histamine-stimulated cAMP content, while over 1% ethanol decreased histamine-stimulated acid secretion. H+, K(+)-ATPase activity in microsomal fraction also decreased after treatment with 3% ethanol. Thus, ethanol may disturb the signalling process from cAMP to H+, K(+)-ATPase. On the other hand, carbachol-stimulated acid secretion was more sensitive to ethanol than that with histamine, and 0.1% ethanol suppressed the acid secretion. This effect was well correlated with the extent of the ethanol-induced increase of [Ca2+]i and with the attenuation of [Ca2+]i response following carbachol stimulation. The calcium response may be a primary target against ethanol in carbachol-dependent process. In conclusion, low-dose ethanol have multi-effects on these critical intermediary steps in acid secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A study of smoking cessation education in a multiphasic screening setting].

A study of the effectiveness of individual anti-smoking advice was conducted on male smokers visiting a human dock. The intervention group (169 male smokers) were shown photographs depicting the health hazards of smoking with an explanation by tape recorder and headphone. Controls (187 male smokers) did not receive this instruction. In the intervention group, immediately after the instruction, and in the control group, approximately 60% expressed a desire to stop or decrease their smoking. Six months later there was no significant difference in the two groups in the proportion that stated that they were not smoking (8.9% in the intervention group and 5.9% in the control group). Some subgroups in the intervention group, such as those whose smoking index was less than 400 and those who had attempted to quit smoking in the past, had significantly higher quit rates than corresponding subgroups in the controls. Smokers who restricted their smoking in certain locations such as public areas had high quit rates in both groups. Standardized quit rates were utilized, adjusted for current age, age of smoking initiation, smoking index and past experience in smoking cessation. Immediately after receiving the education, the proportion that regarded smoking as a risk factor in gastric cancer, gastric ulcer, chronic bronchitis and as having a harmful effect on the fetus, was significantly larger in the intervention group (about 50-70%) than in the controls (about 30-60%). More than 90% of each group regarded it as a risk factor in lung cancer, and about 60% in myocardial infarction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

N-myc suppression and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase by prostaglandins.

Effects of cyclopentenone prostaglandins, delta 12-prostaglandin (PG) J2 and PGA2 on the expression of N-myc in relation to the effects on cell cycle progression were investigated using human neuroblastoma cell line GOTO. Both PGs suppressed N-myc expression within several hours prior to inducing G1 arrest. The N-myc suppression with delta 12-PGJ2 was continued but with PGA2 it was gradually released, followed by the release of G1 arrest. These results suggest that delta 12-PGJ2 and PGA2 inhibit cell cycle progression in strong association with N-myc suppression and delta 12-PGJ2 is more potent and has a longer effect than PGA2.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1990

Inhibitory effect of quercetin on the synthesis of a possibly cell-cycle-related 17-kDa protein, in human colon cancer cells.

Quercetin inhibits growth of COLO320 DM cells, derived from a human colon cancer. The inhibitory effect is partially reversible when quercetin is removed from the culture medium. Flow cytometric analysis has revealed that quercetin causes perturbation of the cell cycle, inducing a frozen cell-cycle pattern and a block at the G1/S boundary. The synthesis of a 17-kDa protein was specifically inhibited by the addition of quercetin, and recovered when the cells at the G1/S boundary progressed into S-phase after the removal of quercetin from the culture medium. Furthermore, using synchronized cells obtained by centrifugal elutriation, we have shown that the rate of synthesis of a 17-kDa protein was low in G1, and high in S-phase of the cell cycle. Thus, this protein appears to be cell-cycle-related.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1990

The effect of taurine on age-related immune decline in mice: the effect of taurine on T cell and B cell proliferative response under costimulation with ionomycin and phorbol myristate acetate.

Proliferative responses to the costimulation with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and suboptimal doses of ionomycin in the purified T and B cells from old mice were lower than those from young mice. The degree of the age-related decline was more significant in T cells than in B cells. Taurine, a sulfur containing amino acid, augmented the proliferative responses of T cells from both young and old mice. The augmentation of the proliferative response by taurine was more marked in old T cells than in young ones. The concentration of intracellular free calcium ion ([Ca2+]i) was significantly lower in the old T cells under the stimulation with PMA and ionomycin than that in the young ones. In the presence of taurine, the concentration of [Ca2+]i in the old T cell significantly increased under the stimulation. The results indicate that taurine improved the proliferative response of old T cells by the restoration of the increment of the concentration of [Ca2+]i under the stimulation.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

The effect of quercetin on cell cycle progression and growth of human gastric cancer cells.

Quercetin, a flavonoid, is found in many plants, including edible fruits and vegetables. We examined the effects on cell growth of human malignant cells derived from the gastrointestinal tract and on cell cycle progression. Quercetin markedly inhibited the growth of human gastric cancer cells and the IC50 value was 32-55 microM. DNA synthesis was suppressed to 14% of the control level by the treatment with 70 microM quercetin for 2 days. Furthermore, quercetin blocked cell progression from the G1 to the S phase.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1990

Aging effect on the immune functions of murine gut-associated lymphoid tissues.

Immune functions generally decline with aging. However, the onset and the rate of the functional decline may be different in each lymphoid compartment. We studied the effect of aging on the murine Peyer's patch (PP) cells, and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells, which are a part of gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT). The capacity of proliferative responses to mitogens of lymphoid cells from GALT decreased with aging. However, the rate of the decrease was much slower than that in the spleen cells. Production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-3 (IL-3) in aged T cells was also studied. IL-2 production of T cells from PP, MLN, spleen cells decreased with age. The age-related decrease was observed at 21 months of age in spleen and at 24 months of age in PP and MLN cells. In contrast, IL-3 production of PP, MLN, spleen cells didn't decrease at 21 months of age, but decreased only in spleen cells at 24 months of age. Therefore, it is suggested that the onset and the rate of age-related functional decline of GALT are much later and slower than those of systemic immune system. GALT seems to maintain the immune functions longer than systemic immune system.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

Effect of food-restriction stress on immune response in mice.

Daily 23-h food deprivation for 1-5 days induced gastric ulcers and atrophic changes of the spleen and thymus, accompanied by a rise in plasma cortisol and catecholamine levels in mice. It also modulated several immune cell functions in the spleen including a drop in the B cell population but no change in the mitogen response of the B cells, an increase in T cell population but no change in the L3T4/Lyt2 ratio and an early increase in natural killer activity and O2- production by macrophages. These effects are thought to correlate to the increase in stress-associated humoral factors and this may partly result from stress induced by food restriction.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Early development of CD8-negative and CD8-positive MHC-unrestricted cytotoxic cells induced by alloantigen inoculation in mice.

Peritoneal cells (PC) in C57B1/6 (B6, H-2b) mice receiving an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of allogeneic BALB/c (H-2d) spleen cells demonstrated potent cytotoxic activity against syngeneic, xenogeneic, third-party allogeneic tumors as well as H-2d derived tumors. Maximum cytotoxic activity against various tumors other than H-2d derived tumor, B16 (H-2b) was elicited on day 3 post allosensitization and decreased drastically thereafter, whereas cytotoxic activity against P815 (H-2d) peaked 3 days after the inoculation and maintained the peak activity thereafter. Surface phenotype of PC responsible for the cytotoxic activity against B16 was Thy-1+/-, Lyt-2-, L3T4-, asialo GM1 (AGM1)+, and that of PC against P815 was Thy-1+, Lyt-2+ (or Lyt-2+/-), L3T4-, AGM1+. These phenotypes showed similar phenotypes to the counterparts against B16 and against P815 in spleen cells induced by intravenous inoculation of alloantigen. When mice were pretreated i.p. with anti-AGM1 antibody before the allosensitization, anti-P815 cytotoxic-activity in PC was completely diminished. Similar activity in spleen, however, was enhanced by i.v. treatment with the antibody before the i.v. inoculation of alloantigen. The data clearly demonstrate that in vivo inoculation of B6 mice with normal allogeneic cells induces "NK-like" CD8- cytotoxic cells and "anomalous" CD8+ cytotoxic cells in PC.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Flavonoids inhibit the expression of heat shock proteins.

Cells exposed to several forms of stress, such as heat shock, transiently synthesize a group of proteins called heat shock proteins (hsps). Although many stressors other than heat shock are known to induce hsps, inhibitors of hsp expression have never been reported. Here we show that quercetin and several other flavonoids inhibit the synthesis of hsps induced by heat shock in two human cell lines, Hela cells and COLO320 DM cells. Quercetin inhibited the induction of hsp70 at the level of mRNA accumulation. This is the first report to describe the inhibition of hsp expression by reagents.

Colonic Neoplasms↗