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A Aoike

Publications and source records attributed to A Aoike.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Age-associated changes in antibody production of murine spleen cells].

In the present work, we studied age-associated changes in murine immune functions. We estimated total antibodies and autoantibodies to single-stranded DNA (ss-DNA), double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA) histone and collagen in sera and culture supernatants of spleen cells from young and aged BALB/c, C57BL/6 and MRL/MpJ-(+/+) (MRL/n) mice. In MRL/n mice, the IgM class of the total antibody level in serum increased gradually to the maximum at 3 months of age, and then started to decrease. In contrast, the IgG class started to rise with age after the age of 9 months. Serum levels of IgM and IgG autoantibodies to DNA were dominant in MRL/n mice, and the IgG class started to increase in earlier stages of life than in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Anti-DNA autoantibodies were produced in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cultures of spleen cells from BALB/c, C57BL/6 and MRL/n mice. The stimulatory effect of LPS on autoantibody production was significantly reduced by the addition of concanavalin A (Con A) to the LPS-stimulated cultures. The Con A-induced suppressive activity increased with the donor age in MRL/n mouse spleen cells. On the other hand, total antibody production in LPS-stimulated cultures was not affected by the addition of Con A to the cultures. These results may suggest that IgG autoantibody-producing B cells increase with age in MRL/n mouse spleen cells, and that the suppressive activity on autoantibody production is selectively augmented.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

[A socio-medical study of adult diseases related to life style--comparison of foreigners living in Japan and Japanese].

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between life style factors and adult diseases among three ethnic groups, Chinese living in Japan, Koreans living in Japan and Japanese. The mortalities of major cancers and other adult diseases of Chinese and Koreans in Japan were compared with those of Japanese by calculating Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMR) of the two groups using death rates in the Japanese population as the standard. Life style data on smoking, drinking and dietary habits of the three groups were collected by self-administered questionnaire surveys, and age-adjusted proportions were calculated with the truncated world population as the standard. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The mortality rates for liver cancer, lung cancer, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hypertensive disease, cerebrovascular disease and liver cirrhosis for Koreans of both sexes in Japan were significantly higher than those for Japanese, but the mortality rates of stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer and breast cancer for Korean females were lower than those for Japanese females. 2. The mortality rates for heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disease, liver cirrhosis, rectum cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer (females), breast cancer (females) and cerebrovascular disease (females) for Chinese in Japan were higher than those for Japanese, but the rates for stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer (both sexes), uterus cancer (females) and cerebrovascular disease (males) were lower than those for Japanese. 3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Protection by cycloheximide against cytotoxicity induced by vincristine, colchicine, or delta 12-prostaglandin J2 on human osteosarcoma cells.

We examined the protective effects of cycloheximide against cytotoxicity induced by vincristine, colchicine, delta 12-prostaglandin J2, or other antitumor agents on the human osteosarcoma cell line, KSu. Vincristine at a concentration of 0.5 microgram/ml decreased the initial cell number to 34% during 4 days; however, when cycloheximide (0.5 to 10 micrograms/ml) was coexistent, the decrease of the cell number was suppressed and 68% of the initial cells remained viable at the maximum. Furthermore, 0.1 micrograms/ml of cycloheximide also reduced cytotoxicity of colchicine (0.1 to 5 microM) or delta 12-prostaglandin J2 (1 to 5 micrograms/ml) and reduced the cytotoxicity of 0.1 microgram/ml of doxorubicin or 1 micrograms/ml of mitomycin C, suggesting that protection by cycloheximide is shown against cytotoxicity of various types of antitumor agents even on human malignant cells. Next, protein synthesis was reduced to 52% of a control at 3 h by 0.1 micrograms/ml of cycloheximide, suggesting that protein synthesis inhibition precedes the protection. De novo protein synthesis analysis showed that vincristine (0.5 microgram/ml) does not induce any specific protein, whereas delta 12-prostaglandin J2 (3 or 4 micrograms/ml) induced Mr 70,000 and 90,000 proteins, and these were markedly inhibited by cycloheximide (0.1 microgram/ml). In a cell-cycle study, M-phase arrest by vincristine (0.5 microgram/ml) was inhibited in the presence of 0.1 microgram/ml of cycloheximide, suggesting that cell cycle arrest by cycloheximide may be important for protection. From these data, this protection by cycloheximide seems to be more general than expected before.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1989

Studies on age-related functional changes in regulatory T cells and B cells involved in the autoantibody production of MRL/MpJ- +/+ mice.

Age-related changes in anti-DNA autoantibody production of MRL/MpJ- +/+ mice were investigated. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cultures, spleen cells of the mice showed an age-related, marked increase in the ability to produce IgG class of the autoantibody after the age of 12 months, while they showed a tendency to decrease with age in the production of IgM class of the autoantibody. Serum levels of anti-DNA autoantibodies rose markedly in the IgG autoantibody but not in the IgM autoantibody after 12 months of age, which is well consistent with the observation in the LPS-stimulated cultures. T cell-depleted spleen cells, however, showed only a small increase with age in the IgG autoantibody productive ability. These results suggest that the age-associated increase in the IgG autoantibody production in the mice is under T-cell control. Age-associated changes in suppressor capacity in spleen cells of the mice were also investigated. Suppressive activity of the cells stimulated by 2-day incubation with concanavalin A (Con A) showed a clear increase as the donor age advanced, when assayed on the LPS-stimulated anti-DNA autoantibody production in vitro. The results indicate that, in MRL/MpJ-+/+ mice, suppressor capacity does not decline with age and is not related as a cause to the autoantibody production.

Aging↗
PubMed1989

Studies on B-cell memory. IV. Effects of lipopolysaccharide on primary and secondary antibody responses to T-independent type-2 (TI-2) antigen in mice.

Effects of LPS on primary and secondary antibody responses to typical TI-2 antigens were investigated in mice. Simultaneous injection of LPS with a TI-2 antigen showed only little adjuvant effect on the following primary antibody response to the antigen. In contrast, either a single or multiple injections of LPS, prior to the immunization with a TI-2 antigen, significantly augmented the following primary antibody response to the antigen. LPS, however, inhibited the development of B-cell memory to a TI-2 antigen when administered together with the antigen. Moreover, an injection of LPS in mice, which had strong IgM and IgG B-cell memories to a TI-2 antigen, caused disappearance or profound reduction of the memories. The results suggest that LPS produced by gram-negative bacteria exerts inhibitory effects on the development and continuation of B-cell memory to bacterial infections.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

[A study using a food-frequency questionnaire--simultaneous discrimination of dietary patterns of anemic and hyperlipemic women].

A survey investigating the intake frequency of various foods and eating habits was made by a special form of structured questionnaire. Those who answered the questionnaire were 184 women aged from 40 to 59 living in a rural district in Kyoto Prefecture. They were divided into three blood groups according to the contents of hemoglobin (Hb) and serum cholesterol (T-CHO) as follows: Group A (Anemia): Hb less than 12 g/dl and T-CHO less than 220 mg/dl Group B (Normal): Hb greater than or equal to 12 g/dl and T-CHO less than 220 mg/dl Group C (Hyperlipidemia): Hb greater than or equal to 12 g/dl and T-CHO greater than or equal to 220 mg/dl As far as the intake frequency of each food and the eating habits of the three blood groups are concerned, there wasn't any notable difference. However, when the statistical method called "quantification theory II" was applied using the blood groups as the objective variable and the 27 items in the food frequency questionnaire, as well as the obesity index, as explanatory variables, it was found that the dietary patterns were different among the three blood groups. The result was that 68% of women in group A were discriminated correctly, as were 55% in group B, and 83% in group C. The analysis of the data from food frequency questionnaires by the "quantification theory II" statistical methods seems to be useful to reveal dietary patterns.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A study of factors in medical insurance records associated with participation in health examinations].

Factors in medical insurance records of two groups classified as participants and nonparticipants in a multiphasic health examination (MHE) conducted in a rural town in Kyoto prefecture were compared. The purpose of this study was to clarify how the conditions of medical care influenced the participation in the MHE. The factors were days of consultation, total insurance points and days of consultation classified by specific disease and the area of the medical facility. Participants were examined at least once in 1987-1988 and nonparticipants were never examined in the corresponding period. The data were obtained from the medical insurance records of outpatients for the period from April 1986 thru March 1987. The medical care bills of 170 males and 201 females aged 30-69 were randomly sampled from National Health Insurance records (unit = family), and those of 55 males and 88 females aged 70 and over were from the Medical Service for the Aged (unit = person). These samples were about one forth of target population respectively. Both older participants and older nonparticipants of both sexes had more consultation days and more total insurance points than the corresponding younger subjects. Nonparticipants of both sexes aged 70 and over had more consultation days and more total insurance points than participants; female nonparticipants aged 50-69 had slightly more consultation days and those aged 30-49 also had more insurance points. Nonparticipants tended to have previous medical care for hypertension or ischemic heart disease, which the MHE is responsible for discovering.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The role of oxygen radicals in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal lesions induced in mice by feeding-restriction stress.

To investigate the role of oxygen radicals in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal lesions induced by psychological stress, we exposed 3-mo-old C3H mice to feeding-restriction stress for 1 to 5 days. Serial changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the gastric mucosa, together with O2- production by macrophages, were measured. The stress increased the plasma cortisol level and started to produce acute gastric lesions (AGL) on the 2nd day. Before the development of AGL, the activity of superoxide dismutase in the gastric mucosa had already decreased and the ability of O2- production by macrophages was enhanced from the 1st day. This suggests that oxygen radicals play some role in the development of AGL induced by the stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Ontogeny of pancreatic gastrin cells in neonatal rat].

It is well known that gastrin immunoreactive cells are observed in the fetal and postnatal rat pancreas. The role of the gastrin cells is unknown, however, it has been suspected that pancreatic gastrin may influence the development of pancreas and the gastrointestinal tract. The present study shows the localization of pancreatic gastrin cells and the ability of auto-proliferation of them in development. Gastrin cells were seen in 0-d to 2-wk-old rats in islet and in 0-d to 4-wk-old rats among exocrine cells. The ratio of gastrin cells to islet cells decreased in neonatal development and in rats older than 14-d gastrin cells were never observed in islet. Labeling indices of pancreatic gastrin cells after one injection of tritiated thymidine were 2.6% to 4.6% for 10 days after birth. It was suggested that gastrin cells have the ability of autoproliferation for 10 days after birth.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of aging on the gut-associated lymphoid tissue--comparison of the systemic immune functions].

Immune functions generally decline with aging. However, the onset and the rate of the functional decline may be different in each lymphoid compartments. We studied the effects of aging on the murine Peyer's patch cells, which is a part of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). Peyer's patch cells of 21-months old aged mice retained a greater capacity to proliferate in the response to mitogens, and non-specific immunoglobulin synthesis in vitro. But Peyer's patch cells of 29-months old aged mice showed a distinct functional defect. So, it is suggested that Peyer's patch cells maintain immune functions until certain point of aging and rapidly lose their functions. It is reasonable that GALT maintains the immune functions until certain point of aging, because GALT is one of the first line of defence mechanism and always contact with many dietary and bacterial antigens.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Prevalence and mortality of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in Japan.

A descriptive epidemiological study of ulcerative colitis and regional enteritis or Crohn's disease in the general population in Japan was conducted. Mortality rates were based on death certificate records and prevalence rates on the statistics of public aid patients with intractable diseases. Between 1969 and 1985, age-adjusted mortality rates from ulcerative colitis gradually decreased. For regional enteritis, these rates did not change. The prevalence of ulcerative colitis in Japan from April 1, 1984 to March 31, 1985 was 7.85 per 100,000 (6.44 for males, 9.22 for females). The prevalence of Crohn's disease was 1.86 (2.25 for males, 1.48 for females). These figures are one fourth to one fortieth of the rates in Western countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Effect of aging on immunological memory in gastrointestinal tract induced by sheep red blood cells in mice.

Tolerance induction by oral administration of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was investigated in young and aged mice. Two-month old C3H/He mice receiving oral administration of 8 X 10(9) SRBC a day for two weeks became tolerant to a subsequent SRBC challenge in the systemic immune system. In contrast, older C3H/He mice aged about 1 year old receiving the same treatment did not become tolerant but resisted tolerance induction and produced a prominent IgG memory in the systemic immune system. Autoimmune-prone NZB mice showed a similar resistance to tolerance induction even at 3 months of age. To investigate a possible role of the liver in the oral tolerance induction, young (2-month old) C3H/He mice received an injection of 1 X 10(8) SRBC via portal vein. The mice thus treated, were not tolerized at all but immunized. The results suggest that gut-associated local immune system play a key role in the induction of the oral tolerance and that the tolerance inducing function of the local immune system declines with aging. Antigens in the gut including denatured self antigens may immunize the systemic immune system of aged animals.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Strain differences of age-dependent changes in the responsiveness to a T-independent type-2 antigen in mice.

We have assessed age-associated early changes in antibody response to a T-independent type-2 (TI-2) antigen, dinitrophenylated ficoll (DNP-Ficoll). Mice of most strains, including long-lived and autoimmune-prone strains, give a high response when approximately 2 months old; thereafter the response declines sharply to the 3rd-4th month of age and continues to do so, more gradually, up to the age of 6 months. Age-related changes in the response of C57BL/6 mice follows a different course: the response remains unchanged up to the first year of life, i.e. to middle age. The in vitro anti-DNP-Ficoll antibody response of B cells could be increased by the addition of young syngeneic T cells. The augmenting activity of splenic T cells of C3H/He mice declines clearly as a function of age. In contrast, splenic T cells of C57BL/6 mice have low augmenting activity whether the T cells are obtained from young or middle-aged donors. Unlike the augmenting capacity of T cells, B-cell responsiveness to DNP-Ficoll increases until middle age in all strains examined. We conclude that early age-associated changes in antibody response to the TI-2 antigen is polymorphic and that the early age-related decline in in vivo responsiveness is attributable to an age-associated decline in augmenting T helper cell activity.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Increased superoxide anion production and glutathione peroxidase activity in peritoneal macrophages from autoimmune-prone MRL/Mp-Ipr/lpr mice.

We studied the release of superoxide anion (O-2) in peritoneal macrophages from autoimmuneprone MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL/l) mice. Compared to resident peritoneal macrophages from control MRL/Mp-+/+ (MRL/n) mice, macrophages from MRL/l mice exhibited an age-related increase of spontaneous and PMA-induced O-2 secretion in association with the development of the autoimmune process. Analysis of the kinetic parameters of NADPH oxidase in macrophages revealed that MRL/l macrophages were in a primed state, as shown by the decreased Km value of the oxidase for NADPH. Furthermore, we studied several key enzymes for their ability to scavenge the oxygen radicals in the macrophages. Among the enzymes studied, only glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px) activity was increased in peritoneal macrophages from MRL/l mice and this change was closely correlated with the increase in O-2 production. Thus, GSH Px activity in macrophages seems to play an important role in macrophage functions under increased oxidative stress.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of fluoropyrimidine, drugs of tegafur and UFT on transplanted tumor in liver-damaged mice].

1-(2-Tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil (FT) and UFT are masked compounds of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and considered to be gradually metabolized and converted to 5-FU in the liver. Therefore, it is important clinically to classify whether or not these anti-cancer drugs are effective in individuals with liver diseases. BALB/c mice were injected 4 ml/kg of 10% CCl4 intraperitoneally twice a week for two months to induce liver damage. On the 49th day after starting of giving CCl4, mouse sarcoma 180 was transplanted to the right thigh of mice and from the next day 5-FU (10, 20, 30 mg/kg/day), FT (50, 100, 200 mg/kg/day), UFT (10, 20, 30 mg/kg/day) or physiological saline solution for control were orally administered daily for 7 days. On the 61st day, all mice were sacrificed and the weight of excised tumor was measured to judge the effect of anti-cancer drugs. Dose-dependent effect of 5-FU was observed in the liver-damaged mice. FT was more effective in liver-damaged mice than control. It was assumed that the suppression of 5-FU decomposition was due to the insufficient liver function. Effect of UFT was similar in liver-damaged mice to control. These data show that the effects of FT and UFT were not reduced in tumor-bearing mice by liver damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Augmentation of killer activity of murine spleen cells against allogeneic and syngeneic tumor cells by inoculation of alloantigen in vivo.

After C57BL/6 (B6) mice were inoculated with BALB/c spleen cells via tail vein, kinetics of cytotoxic activities in the B6 mice against sensitizing alloantigens (H-2d) and against syngeneic antigens were investigated using, as target cells, P815 mastocytoma cells (H-2d) and B16 melanoma cells (H-2b). Cytotoxic activity against P815 in the B6 spleen cells reached a peak 3 days after alloantigen inoculation, decreased drastically on day 5 and rose again thereafter. The profile of anti-B16 cytotoxic activity was similar to that of anti-P815 activity. The cytotoxic activity against P815 was inhibited partially by cold B16, but that against B16 was not inhibited by cold P815. Surface phenotype of cytotoxic cells against P815 was Lyt2+, Thy1+, Asialo GM1+ and that of cytotoxic cells against B16 was Lyt2-, Thy1+/-, and Asialo GM1+. The results indicate that inoculation of B6 mice with allogeneic BALB/c spleen cells induce two types of cytotoxic cells; one is similar to lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and the other is activated natural killer cells.

Animals↗