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Biomedical subjects

A B Pupyshev

Publications and source records attributed to A B Pupyshev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Effect of benz(a)pyrene and constant light exposure on rat liver lysosomes and biliary excretion of lysosomal enzymes.

Threefold administration of benz(a)pyrene in a dose of 20 mg/kg markedly stimulated biliary excretion of lysosomal enzymes from rat liver without signs of lysosomal damage. Constant light exposure induced changes attesting to functional activation of the lysosomal apparatus in liver cells and inhibited constitutive biliary excretion of lysosomal enzymes. Combined treatment decreased, but not abolished the stimulatory effect of benz(a)pyrene on vesicular transport of lysosomal enzymes to the bile.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed2003

Effect of transitory ischemia on liver lysosomal apparatus in rats with different resistance to hypoxia.

We studied the state of lysosomal apparatus and pro- and antioxidant activity in the liver of rats with different resistance to hypoxia during postischemic recovery. Under normal conditions the lysosomal apparatus did not differ in highly and low resistant animals. During ischemia and reperfusion the damage to hepatic lysosomal membranes in rats highly resistant to hypoxia was less pronounced than in low resistant animals. These differences also concerned labilization of lysosomes during exposure to damaging factors (hypotonia and Triton X-100). The rats highly resistant to hypoxia differed from low resistant animals by higher stability of lysosomal membranes, lower prooxidant activity (malonic dialdehyde content), and higher tissue concentration of alpha-tocopherol during reperfusion.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed2002

Sucrose-stimulated release of FITC-dextran into the bile in the dynamics of its storage and elimination from the liver.

Stimulation of release of FITC-dextran endocytosed in the liver by an injection of hypertonic sucrose led to the appearance of a less pronounced and prolonged peak (with the maximum at min 15-25) at later terms after injection of the marker (30 days). Biliary release of FITC-dextran was 4-9-fold accelerated on days 1-14 in comparison with the constitutive release, and after 30 days it was accelerated 19-fold, which reflects high capacity of the long storage compartment to stimulated release of FITC-dextran into the bile.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Protective effect of enterosgel on rat liver lysosomes during cytostatic treatment.

Polychemotherapy with a complex of cytostatics (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone) induces progressive damage to hepatocyte membranes, which manifested in labilization of lysosomes and activation of lysosomal enzymes and serum transaminases. Enterosgel stabilized liver lysosomes and reduced manifestation of hepatocyte cytolysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Examining fibrotic process in lung during treatment of chronic murine tuberculosis with lysosomotropic drug isonaizid].

Light and ultrastructural morphometries were used to evaluate the effects of dextran-conjugated isoniazid (MW 30-40 kDa) on the morphology of chronic pulmonary tuberculous inflammation induced by BCG vaccine in mice. The revealed antifibrotic effect of the conjugated drug is accompanied by much less damage to the alveolar macrophageal ultrastructures (the mitochondrial apparatus in particular) than that of free isoniazid. It is concluded that the lysosomotropic properties imparted to isoniazid basically change its effect on fibrogenesis and are essential in the prevention of antiinflammatory pneumoscleroses.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A stable reagent for the-single stage determination of inorganic phosphate].

A recipe of a simple reagent for phosphorus detection has been developed, consisting of ammonium molybdate (4 mM), sulfuric acid (0.2 N), and Tween-80 (0.2%). The developing phosphate staining may be registered in 15 min at a wavelength of 350 nm. The product molar extinction is equal to 1.20.10(4) M-1.cm-1, this being close to that of molybdic blue. Phosphate staining is characterized by the stability of results and insensitivity to the presence of a number of substances used in enzymology. The prepared reagent is fit for experiments within a fortnight if stored in the cold.

Indicators and Reagents↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of the lysosomotropic preparation suramin on the ultrastructural and functional characteristics of rat liver cells in acute toxic hepatitis].

A study was made of the influence of suramin and of a combination of suramin and CCl4 on the ultrastructure of hepatocytes, structural and functional state of lysosomes and functional activity of the rat's liver. The latter was characterized by alanine aminotransferase level in blood. Increasing amounts of autophagosomes as well as lysosomal fusion disturbances were registered 24 and 48 hours after a single suramin administration. The combined suramin and CCl4 administration resulted even in a higher damage of hepatocytes. A decrease in the intralysosomal rate of proteolysis in hepatocytes, was also shown in addition to the impairment of liver functional activity. Some ultrastructural features of compensation of the insufficiency of the hepatocyte vacuolar apparatus were noted during suramin and CCl4 administration. Changes in the nucleolar structure were noticed in hepatocytes administered both suramin and CCl4. It is suggested that these changes may involve a compensatory increase in nucleologenesis due to the decrease in the activity of the protein-synthesizing apparatus in hepatocytes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Facilitation of the structural and functional disorders of liver lysosomes in toxic hepatitis due to the suppression of intralysosomal proteolysis].

Suramin that accumulates in rat liver Kupffer cell lysosomes and inhibits the intralysosomal proteolysis was used to suppress the functional activity of these particles during liver damage (acute CCl4 hepatitis). Polyvinylpyrrolidone that does not disturb protein catabolism in liver lysosomes was employed for reference. According to the characteristic changes in lysosomes induced by suramin (inhibition of acid phosphatase, decrease of the rate of the intralysosomal proteolysis in the liver) and PVP the damaged liver was able to accumulate the lysosomotropic substances under study. Suramin aggravated liver damage and increased the lysosomal labilization, whereas PVP exhibited the protective action. The unfavourable effect of suramin may be linked with the suppression of catabolism of Kupffer cell lysosomes. The data obtained suggest the lack of safety of using the inhibitors of intralysosomal proteolysis in patients with acute hepatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Effect of suramin on digestion of 14C-labelled albumin in heterolysosomes of rat liver subcellular fractions].

The effect of suramin on the state of rat liver lysosomal apparatus 24 and 48 hrs after intraperitoneal injection of the drug was studied. The specific activity of liver acid phosphatase was decreased by suramin down to 35-45% of the control. The inhibitory effect of suramin on the activity of acid phosphatase was observed in all subcellular fractions of the liver and was correlated with the relative content of lysosomal enzymes activity. The sedimentability of lysosomes upon distribution among subcellular fractions was increased. The inhibitory effect of suramin on intralysosomal digestion of 14C-labelled bovine serum albumin was found in nuclear and light mitochondrial fractions, but not in the heavy mitochondrial fraction. The functional heterogeneity of the subpopulations of heterolysosomes and the mechanisms of suramin action on intralysosomal proteolysis are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Heterophagic function and rate of intralysosomal proteolysis during lysosomotropic agents administration.

Lysosomotropic agents--Triton WR 1339 and suramin--are taken up selectively into lysosomes during in vivo administration and cause specific changes of the particles. Overloading of rat liver lysosomes by Triton WR 1339 was accompanied by the labilization of lysosomes and an increased uptake of [14C]-bovine serum albumin ([14C]-BSA) by the rat liver. The rate of intralysosomal proteolysis was not altered. The capture of 125I-labelled poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) by the liver was slightly decreased. In the case of suramin administration (250 mg/kg b.w.) the uptake of labelled protein by the liver was not changed. The increased amount of acid-insoluble radioactivity in rat liver was caused by the decrease of intralysosomal protein digestion rate. The lysosomes overloaded by the two kinds of lysosomotropic agents--Triton WR 1339 (with no changes of intralysosomal proteolysis) and suramin (with decreased rate of proteolysis) did not prevent the uptake by liver of substances captured by the adsorptive ([14C]-BSA) or fluid ([125I]-PVP) endocytosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Decrease in the rats of intraliposomal proteolysis and labilization of rat liver lysosomes following suramin administration].

Suramin treatment (250 mg/kg bw) 24 and 48 h after administration is followed by the decreased rate of intralysosomal digestion of 14C-bovine albumin. Inhibition of proteolysis and lysosomal overloading with suramin cause the solubilization of acid hydrolases--beta-galactosidase, acid RNase, cathepsin D. There was a significant inhibition of acid phosphatase activity in the rat liver homogenate, suggesting that suramin might be used as a tool to study some features of lysosomal storage disease. Potential mechanisms of the decreased catabolic function of liver ribosomes during administration of lysosomal trophic drugs are discussed.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

[Structuro-functional changes in dog liver and regional lymph node lysosomes in toxic hepatitis].

Structural and functional changes in the dog liver and regional lymph nodes lysosomes were studied during toxic hepatitis induced by CCl4 administration (single and repeated). Total activity of lysosomal enzymes (acid RNA-ase and beta-galactosidase) was higher in the regional lymph nodes than in the liver, reflecting the barrier, protective function of the organ. During acute toxic hepatitis the specific activities of acid RNA-ase and cathepsin D displayed a sharp rise. No normalization of the indices under study occurred during the observation period (from 8 to 30 days). At the same time there was a rise of the regional lymph node weight and an elevation of the relative macrophage and neutrophil content in the sinuses. The increased activity of the lysosome enzymes in the regional lymph nodes in injury of the liver was connected with greater functional load on the lymph nodes effecting hydrolysis of biopolymeres which penetrated into the regional lymphatic node with the lymph.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adverse effects of Ferrum Lec (clinico-experimental study)].

Summation of negative effects of hypoxia and lysosome-tropic properties of Ferrum Lec was observed in patients with severe stage of iron-deficiency anemia (IDA), and in rabbits with experimental IDA, during treatment by intravenous injections of Ferrum Lec. These effects were expressed in exageration of the destabilizing action of hypoxia on lysosome membranes, and attended by a significant rise in the lysosomal enzyme levels of blood plasma, by the development of dystrophic processes in hepatocytes, and by a decrease in the number of sinusoidal cells. All these facts should be considered in clinical practice.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of single and repeated administration of chloroquine on the activity of lysosomal proteinases in rat liver cells].

Effects of single and repeated injections of lysosomotropic agent chloroquine on lysosomal proteolytic activity and physico-chemical properties of rat liver lysosomes have been studied. Chloroquine was administered intraperitoneally to rats at a dose of 30 mg/kg of body mass. Osmotic properties, lysosomal enzymes activity and functional state of the system of mononuclear phagocytes were estimated. No alterations of colloid carbon clearance followed by a single dose of chloroquine administration were noted. Distinct alterations in osmotic properties, weak labilization of lysosomes and an increase in acid hydrolases activity were similar after single and/or repeated chloroquine administrations, whereas activation of cysteine proteinases and cathepsin D were most pronounced. Chloroquine accumulation by rat liver cells proved to be similar, but the drug excretion was longer after repeated injections. The lysosomal disorders noted were similar to those symptoms of lysosomal storage disease.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effective extraction of lysosomal enzymes with digitonin].

A method for rapid and effective extraction of rat liver lysosomal enzymes has been elaborated. It includes isolation of lysosomal-mitochondrial fraction by means of differential centrifugation, selective destruction of the lysosomal membrane by digitonin and centrifugal obtaining of the lysosomal matrix. Total labilization of the lysosomal membrane is achieved at 0.3 mM of the detergent. The maximal enrichment of an extract by lysosomal enzymes is observed in the range of 0.3-0.4 mM of digitonin. The level of lysosomal enzyme purification is 30.7 for cysteine cathepsins B, L, H, 24.9- for beta-galactosidase, 14.1- for acid phosphatase. The method gives high yield of lysosomal enzymes (40-80%).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of intralysosomal protein catabolism using lysosomotropic agents--proteolysis and protease inhibitors].

Inhibition of intralysosomal catabolism of proteins was studied in rat liver cells using lysosomotropic drugs suramin (single administration at a dose of 250 mg/kg within 24 and 48 hrs) and chloroquine (at a dose of 30 mg/100 g within 0.5, 1, 3, 6 and 12 hrs after administration). Suramine inhibited pure preparations of cathepsin B and L, while chloroquine inhibited cathepsins B, L and H. The inhibitors were effective in vitro at lower concentrations as compared with these administered in vivo. Less distinct inhibitory effect was observed in the incubation mixture containing an extract of rat liver lysosomes. After administration of the inhibitors in vivo the activity of lysosomal proteinases was not inhibited in rat liver homogenates, which appears to occur due to complex formation between these lysosomotropic drugs and proteins.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparison of the effect of acute hypoxia on the rat liver lysosomal apparatus against a background of adaptation to hypoxia and the administration of gutimine].

Acute hypobaric hypoxia in rats (260 mm Hg., 90 min) was accompanied by a greater liver lysosomes osmotic susceptibility and by an increase in the relative content of the lysosomal enzymes (acid RNAase and acid phosphatase) in the nuclear fraction. This indicates an enrichment of the liver cell lysosomes with secondary lysosomes. No significant signs of labilization of the liver lysosomes were found. The adaptation of rats to hypoxia, as well as administration of the antihypoxant guthimin or of 1,4-bis-(3'-morpholinopropin-1'-yl-1') benzene hinder these changes to occur in the liver lysosomes during the organism reaction to hypoxia. But the effect of stabilization of the lysosomal membranes in a minor component in the antihypoxia action of the treatment.

Acid Phosphatase↗