PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Barkia

Publications and source records attributed to A Barkia.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Sleep apnea syndrome].

Sleep Apnea Syndrome is an understimated disease. We describe its diagnostic criterion and principal epidemiologic data. After a brief rememory about sleep and respiration, its physiopathologic consequences (especially respiratory, cardiovascular and cerebral) were detailed. The diagnostic of its different clinical presentations is suspected clinically but confirmed by polysomnography. His treatment, usually based on the CPAP, permits to prevent its complications.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1999

[Prevalence of intestinal parasitic disease in three provinces in Morocco].

A study of intestinal parasites was carried out in Taounate, Béni Mellal and Tizinit provinces in Morocco on a sample of 1682 individuals who were representative of the urban and rural area population. For each stool specimen, three microscopic examinations and a Kato test were performed. In the three provinces, about two-thirds of the study participants from rural areas and around 50% of those from urban areas had parasites. The reproducibility of the prevalence figures allowed the study results be generalized to the other provinces of the country. Among the parasite groups encountered, amoebas were the most frequent, followed by flagellates and helminths. Concerning pathogenic species, Entamoeba histolytica, in the amoebic group, was the most commonly found. All the positive cases were treated by specific medication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Emphysematous cystitis: apropos of 2 cases].

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare infectious disease of the lower urinary tract. Its reputedly serious prognosis is related to treatment failures revealing ignorance concerning its pathophysiological mechanisms. Two cases of this disease were seen in our department, both in diabetic men over the age of 70 years with a history of prostatism. They presented to the emergency department with complete urinary retention and alteration of the general state and fever. Urine culture isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae in both cases. Treatment consisted of bladder drainage associated with adapted antibiotic therapy and control of diabetes. A suprapubic prostatectomy was subsequently performed in one case and transurethral prostatic resection was performed in the other case. The prognosis of this disease depends on early diagnosis and rapid introduction of effective treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Reduction of lipoproteins with apoAI but without apoAII (LpAI) in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients].

Recent data suggest the existence of a relationship between ischemic heart diseases and apolipoprotein A-I containing lipoproteins. The latter and other classic lipid-lipo-protein-apoprotein parameters were quantified in 25 non-insulin-dependent diabetics and 26 normoglycemic normolipidemic subjects. Compared to a control group, non-insulin-dependent diabetics have higher levels of plasma cholesterol (p < 0.05), triacylglycerol, apolipoprotein B (p < 0.001). In contrast, their lipoprotein particles containing only apolipoprotein AI without apolipoprotein AII and apoAI/apoB ratio were lowered (p < 0.001). In our diabetics, apolipoprotein AI was found at normal level but its distribution between high density lipoproteins ('HDL') and 'non-HDL' was abnormal. Also, the distribution of particles containing apolipoprotein A-I without apolipoprotein A-II in non-insulin-dependent diabetics was found abnormal. A higher proportion of both apoAI and LpAI were found in the 'non-HDL' fraction. These data show that lipoprotein metabolism is affected in non-insulin-dependent diabete mellitus. The disease is associated to a lipoprotein profile which is in favour of the atherogenic process.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Retrocaval ureter. Apropos of 6 cases].

The authors report six cases of retrocaval ureter discovered in quite various circumstances. A genital malformation associated to the retrocaval ureter was found in only one case. Five of our six patients were operated. Four of them underwent uncrossing of the ureter relative to the vena cava, and a patient underwent nephrectomy because her kidney was destroyed. The sixth patient was not operated because there was no impact on the excretory cavities of the kidney. This series and the review of the literature allow specifying the course of action for this pathology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Thrombin cleavage of apolipoprotein Bh of rabbit LDL: structural comparisons with human apolipoprotein B-100.

Rabbit plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) contains one major apolipoprotein of apparent molecular weight of 320 kDa, designated apolipoprotein (apo) Bh, while another component termed apoB1 of apparent molecular weight of 220 kDa is found in chylomicrons. The fragments generated by thrombin digestion of the protein moieties of rabbit and human LDL were separated by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis and compared. As in the human species, the enzyme produced limited cleavage patterns of rabbit LDL apoB. Within the first 2 h, two fragments (Tr1 and Tr2, with apparent molecular weights 280,000 and 44,000, respectively) appeared. Longer incubations led to the production of two additional peptides, Tr3 and Tr4 (apparent molecular weights 180,000 and 96,000, respectively). Ten monoclonal antibodies, developed against rabbit LDL and designated P01 to P10, were found to react with rabbit apoB. Some also cross-reacted with human apoB. Epitope mapping, performed with these antibodies, showed that Tr3 and Tr4 were derived from the further degradation of Tr1. The rabbit is one of the most frequently used animals in atherosclerosis research. Its LDL receptor has been characterized and there exists a strain of homozygous LDL receptor-deficient rabbits referred to as WHHL rabbits. Despite this, little has been done to characterize the structure of rabbit apoB; only a short region has been sequenced and shown to be the carboxyl-terminal region, the rabbit apoB1. The molecular weight of human apoB (550,000) is much larger than rabbit apoBh. In both species, a primary and secondary thrombin cleavage occur, but the size of the fragments produced is very different between the two species. Identification of the thrombolytic fragments of the rabbit apoB have afforded the opportunity to compare the structures of both apoB species.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Differential role of apolipoprotein AI-containing particles in cholesterol efflux from adipose cells.

Cholesterol efflux was studied in cultured Ob1771 adipose cells after preloading with LDL cholesterol. Exposure to particles containing apo AII (LpAI) and particles containing apo AI and apo AII (LpAI:AII) isolated from native human plasma, and from HDL2 or HDL3, showed that only LpAI were able to promote cholesterol efflux, despite the fact that both kinds of particles were able to bind to receptor sites within the same range of concentrations (apparent Kd values between 10 and 25 micrograms/ml). During this long-term exposure, LpAI:AII demonstrated a concentration-dependent inhibition (10-60 micrograms/ml) of LpAI-mediated cholesterol efflux from adipose cells under conditions where LpAI:AII did not deliver cholesterol to the cells and where no net change in the distribution of apo AI between LpAI and LpAI:AII was observed. The antagonizing and modulating role of LpAI:AII in preventing cholesterol efflux mediated by LpAI appears not to be related to the lipid composition and cholesterol content of the particles but, rather, appears dependent upon the presence of apo AI in LpAI particles and apo AII in LpAI:AII particles. The actual concentrations of these particles in the interstitial fluid bathing peripheral cells might be critical for the in vivo occurrence of cholesterol efflux.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1991

Apolipoprotein A-I-containing lipoproteins in human umbilical cord blood. Relation to proapolipoprotein A-I and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase.

Lipids, apolipoproteins, lipoproteins, as well as lipoproteins containing both apo A-I and apo A-II (Lp A-I:A-II) or apo A-I but no apo A-II (Lp A-I), proapolipoprotein (proapo) A-I and the activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), were investigated in umbilical cord sera of 67 term human neonates (30 females and 37 males). Lp A-I and Lp A-I:A-II were present in umbilical cord sera with levels of 0.26 +/- 0.1 and 0.33 +/- 0.15 g/l, respectively. Furthermore, the absolute amount of proapo A-I was lower in cord blood than in adult plasma, but in view of the lower apo A-I levels in umbilical cord sera it comprised 10.48 +/- 3.86% of total apo A-I and was thus significantly higher than in adult plasma (7.1 +/- 0.9%). Proapo A-I was highly correlated with HDL cholesterol and apo A-I. Total serum LCAT activity was about 50% of adult plasma and was highly correlated with Lp A-I, but not with Lp A-I:A-II. We conclude that human umbilical cord serum contains both Lp A-I and Lp A-I:A-II particles and that the LCAT activity is predominantly related with the Lp A-I subfraction. The higher percentage in umbilical cord sera of proapo A-I may indicate a higher turnover of apo A-I or a lower activity of the proapo A-I cleaving enzyme which is still not identified.

Apolipoprotein A-I↗
PubMed1991

[Is sucrose a risk factor in calculus formation?].

The addition of sucrose to drinking water of rats at the rate of 2.5 or 5 grams per 100 ml, for one month, induced hypercalciuria which appeared to be dependent on the degree of supplementation. In spite of these disorders, calcium deposits were not observed in treated animals. This protection against renal calculi was probably due to high urinary excretions of magnesium, phosphorus, zinc and copper. These lithogenesis inhibitors varied, like oxaluria and calciuria, in parallel with dietary sucrose intake.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Ectopic implantation of the ureter. Apropos of 2 cases].

We report two cases of urinary incontinence secondary to ectopic ureteral implantation with pyeloureteral duplication in a 14 and 18 year-old girls. Our observations are discussed with the review of the world publication about this data.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[What do we know about lipoproteins containing apo A-I?].

Since the Alaupovic's original concept, the lipoproteins were more and more classified according to their biochemical composition. Between the different and well identified lipoproteins particles, those containing apo A-I were particularly studied. These particles had a very great heterogeneity with respect to both their physicochemical properties and their apolipoproteins composition especially if they had or not the apo A-II. This criterion was frequently used for their classification in two different populations: the lipoproteins which contained both apo A-I and apo A-II (Lp A-I:A-II) and the other lipoproteins which contained apo A-I but no apo A-II (Lp A-I). All the two lipoprotein populations could be divided in several subpopulations. Among the two categories of lipoprotein particles, those devoid of apo A-II were described as the actual anti-atherogenic ones. Indeed, the Lp A-I population appeared as the only lipoproteins which decreased in serum during an atherosclerotic affection, this phenomenon being related to the favourable role of the Lp A-I population in the normal metabolism of lipids. Only the Lp A-I were demonstrated be able to induce and enhance the cholesterol efflux from culture cells. The Lp A-I:A-II function remained unknown, but the hypothesis is raised of a possible regulatory role which could be related to the high concentration of LpA-I in the cholesterol reverse transport.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Apolipoproteins in human amniotic fluid: concentrations, isoforms and polymorphism.

Apolipoproteins were determined in 50 human amniotic fluids obtained by amniocentesis during weeks 16 and 22 (n = 26) or 33 and 41 (n = 24) of gestation. Whereas apo A-I, A-II, A-IV, and E were identified at levels of 1, 0.7, 0.8 and 1% of normal human adult plasma, respectively, apo B levels were only 0.04% of plasma concentration and apo C-III levels were below the detection limits of the assay. Amniotic fluid levels of apo A-II, A-IV and E did not differ between early and late stages of pregnancy, but levels of apo B decreased and apo A-I increased significantly in late pregnancy. Isofocusing showed apo A-I, A-II and A-IV in identical positions as compared to human adult plasma. Furthermore the known genetic polymorphism of apo A-IV was detectable. Individuals heterozygous, for the variant form apo A-IV-2, showing the phenotype apo A-IV (2-1), had significantly higher levels of apo A-I and A-II as compared to the common phenotype apo A-IV (1-1). We conclude that human amniotic fluid contains the major plasma apolipoproteins at about 1% of plasma levels with the exception of apo B which shows a level at an order of magnitude less than high-density lipoprotein apoproteins in comparison to their plasma counterparts.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1988

Effect of different APO A-I containing lipoprotein particles on reverse cholesterol transport in fat cells.

Cholesterol efflux was studied in cultured mouse adipose cells after preloading with LDL cholesterol. Long term exposure to LpA-I particles isolated from HDL2 and HDL3 promoted cholesterol efflux while LpA-I:A-II particles isolated from both fractions did not. However, LpA-I and LpA-I:A-II particles isolated from both HDL subfractions were effective in competing for the binding of 125I-HDL3 to apo A-I/A-II cell surface receptor sites. These results underline the role of LpA-I particles in the promotion of cholesterol efflux and suggest that the concentrations and/or the relative proportions of LpA-I and LpA-I:A-II particles might be critical for the regulation of cholesterol efflux from adipose cells.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1988

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for human proapolipoprotein A-I using specific antibodies against synthetic peptide.

Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), the major protein component of human high density lipoprotein, appears intracellularly as an intermediate precursor (proapoA-I) with a hexapeptide extension (Arg-His-Phe-Trp-Gln-Gln) at its amino terminus. To investigate the regulation of processes that regulate plasma apoA-I levels, a sensitive and simple assay for proapoA-I is required. We describe a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantification of proapoA-I using monospecific rabbit antibodies raised against the peptide: Arg-His-Phe-Trp-Gln-Gln-Asp-Glu-Pro. The monospecificity of antibodies to propeptide has been checked and no cross-reaction with mature apoA-I has been found although three first mature apoA-I amino acids (Asp-Glu-Pro) were included in the immunizing peptide. The assay is a non-competitive sandwich ELISA in which polystyrene microtiter plates were used with antibodies to propeptide adsorbed on the wells. After incubation with plasma samples, the bound proapoA-I was revealed by labeled rabbit polyclonal antibodies directed against mature apoA-I. The working range was 10 to 100 ng/ml, recovery of proapoA-I added to plasma was 94.6 to 106.5%, and the intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 3.8% and 7.9%, respectively. A delipidation step using diisopropylether-n-butanol was necessary to expose antigen sites of proapoA-I in native lipoproteins. Mean level of proapoA-I in normal subjects was 87 +/- 15 micrograms/ml. It represented 7.1% of total apoA-I while in Tangier serum it represented 29%.

Apolipoprotein A-I↗