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Biomedical subjects

A Bartorelli

Publications and source records attributed to A Bartorelli.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Two CEA cross-reacting antigens: differences in absorbing the same anti-CEA serum.

A factor that cross reacts with the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), which we call P factor, was isolated from normal human plasma. To demonstrate the difference between this P factor and the nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA), the same anti-CEA serum was absorbed in an identical manner with both the antigens. Absorption was checked by immunohistochemistry by the beta-galactosidase procedure on sections of colonic adenocarcinoma and normal colonic mucosa. The unabsorbed antiserum recognizes both tissues; after absorption with NCA the staining becomes paler on both tissues, but maintains color on the normal colonic mucosa and granulocytes. Only absorption with the P factor will give an unstained field of normal colonic mucosa, thus revealing the tumor structure. Data obtained by us suggest that the NCA (tissue extract) is an antigen that is not suitable to the absorption of anti-CEA serum for immunocytochemistry techniques, whereas the P factor (plasma extract) appears to be utilizable with good results.

Absorption↗
PubMed1987

Free CEA binding substance in cancer sera.

In the serum of some cancer bearing patients we found a substance that bind carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and that was detectable by rabbit anti-goat antiserum for a cross-reaction phenomenon. We called this substance "CEA Binding Substance" (CBS). CBS was present only in patients with CEA negative tests. This substance found by radioimmunoassay, has been confirmed in an immunocytochemical study using sections of adenocarcinoma and normal tissue. CBS positive sera used as a first antiserum, showed a binding only with tumoral tissue using ABC peroxidase method; these sera developed an intense staining on tumor cells with a high tumor specificity.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

Calcium channel blockade with nifedipine reduces the systemic and the pulmonary vascular reactivity to adrenergic activation in hypertension.

In hypertension the systemic and the pulmonary circulation show exaggerated vascular tone and responsiveness to adrenergic stimuli. In 22 hypertensive men we tested whether the regulation of the two vascular beds is improved by calcium entry blockade with nifedipine. Mental arithmetic raised epinephrine plasma concentration (by 80%), cardiac output (CO) and blood pressure in both circuits, and caused systemic vasodilatation and pulmonary vasoconstriction. After the drug the epinephrine reaction was diminished (+20%), variations in CO and systemic blood pressure were almost unchanged and pulmonary vasoconstriction was abolished. A cold pressor test increased norepinephrine plasma concentration (by 24%), systemic and pulmonary pressure and resistance and did not alter CO. The norepinephrine response to cold was enhanced (+35%) by nifedipine, while systemic and pulmonary resistance rises were importantly attenuated (from +24% to +7% and from +41% to +1%, respectively), and greatly diminished the pressure reactivity. A sympatho-adrenal modulation by calcium blockade, per se, might have restrained the vasomotion during arithmetic. The impressive attenuation of the constrictor responses to cold, which was possibly associated with a potentiated sympathetic drive, prospects that the two circuits share a vascular contractile disorder in which calcium ions are involved.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Cardiac magnetic resonance with electronic axial angulation].

MR usually provides sections in three standard orthogonal plans (axial, sagittal, coronal). In the present research we have studied the possibilities and the benefit of the anatomical images performed along the main cardiac axis, using--beyond the cardiac gating--a particular software which allows to obtain layers with a double angulation, still keeping the patient supine. This provides a more detailed visualization of the cardiac architecture and a good evaluation of its functional conditions.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1985

Anti-carcinoembryonic antigen sera acquiring higher tumor specificity by absorption with a plasma factor.

A factor reacting with antisera against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was isolated from healthy donors' plasma. Ten different antiCEA sera were absorbed with this plasma factor (P-factor): the antiCEA activity was mostly, or completely, removed in 8 sera. Only 2 of these absorbed sera (here defined as type A) still presented a high CEA binding activity by radioimmunoassay and, on tissue sections, selectively stained most of the colonic adenocarcinomas and areas of severe dysplasia in neoplastic adenomas. Contrary to the behaviour of the antisera against the P-factor, of the unabsorbed antiCEA sera, of a commercially available antiserum and of a monoclonal antibody, the P-absorbed type A antiCEA sera appeared unreactive with normal colonic mucosa and granulocytes. Absorption with the P-factor allows us to obtain antiCEA sera with higher tumor specificity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Calcium-channel blockade with nifedipine and angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibition with captopril in the therapy of patients with severe primary hypertension.

Nifedipine (10 mg qid) and captopril (25 mg qid) were tested alone and in combination in 14 patients suffering from severe primary hypertension. Each study period was of 1 week's duration. Circulatory response was evaluated through hourly pressure and pulse rate readings. The fall in pressure after oral nifedipine was maximal within 1 hr or less and was generally accompanied by palpitation and increase in pulse rate; with a six hourly dosing regimen the tendency of blood pressure to recover after each dose was interrupted by the next dose, so that values remained significantly reduced throughout the 24 hr, although pressure fluctuations were evident. Promptness of the antihypertensive action of captopril was similar, but the magnitude and the duration of the fall in pressure were less pronounced. When the converting-enzyme inhibitor was combined with the calcium-channel blocker, pressure fluctuations were not abolished, but the antihypertensive response was definitely enhanced, so that normal blood pressure was maintained for several hours during the day. Additional positive effects of captopril were mitigation of the heart rate reaction and prevention of the ankle pitting or edema elicited by nifedipine. A balance in arteriolar and venular dilatation promoted by captopril is the suggested mechanism for these effects. With the two-drug combination the function of the left ventricle was not reduced and possibly improved; blood urea nitrogen and serum electrolyte and creatinine concentration were not affected. Plasma renin activity increased with captopril and reverted toward baseline with the addition of nifedipine, suggesting an interference of the calcium-channel blocker with the release of renin.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Circulatory response to prenalterol in normal subjects and in patients with primary congestive cardiomyopathy.

Experimental pharmacology indicates that prenalterol is a selective beta 1-adrenoceptor activator. In 5 normal individuals, 15 minutes after the drug (infused at a dose of 15 micrograms/kg over 5 min) the following circulatory changes were seen: a) increase of cardiac index (+31%), heart rate, stroke index, systolic aortic pressure, left and right ventricular mean rate of ejection and mean rate of the pressure rise in either ventricle during the pre-ejection phase; b) reduction of systemic vascular resistance (-18%), appearance, built-up and disappearance times in the left ventricular dye dilution curves. Pulmonary systolic, diastolic and wedge pressures and vascular resistance did not vary consistently. The circulatory effects persisted almost unchanged 30 minutes after the infusion. In a group of 5 patients with heart failure due to primary congestive cardiomyopathy, refractory to conventional therapy, the haemodynamic response to prenalterol (infused at a dose of 30 micrograms/kg over 5 min) was qualitatively similar to that of normal subjects in 3 cases. In 2 other patients cardiac performance deteriorated. The reasons for this paradoxical effect were not identified. These preliminary results suggest that prenalterol is a potent selective inotropic agent in man, that may assist in the therapeutic management of refractory heart failure due to congestive cardiomyopathy. However, careful haemodynamic monitoring is advisable for its use in this dysfunction until broader clinical experience can be accumulated.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1982

Evidence of a shared mechanism of vasoconstriction in pulmonary and systemic circulation in hypertension: a possible role of intracellular calcium.

We investigated the hemodynamics of the greater and lesser circulation in 35 patients with primary hypertension, as well as the effects of calcium-channel blockade, to test whether a common factor may account for the excessive vascular resistance in the two circuits and whether intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca++]i) may be involved. We proved that (1) elevated pulmonary arteriolar resistance (PAR) is not related to pulmonary blood flow and volume, pleural pressure, arterial oxygen or carbon dioxide tension and pH, left ventricular filling pressure and function; (2) systemic vascular resistance (SVR) significantly correlates with PAR; (3) calcium-channel blockade with nifedipine reduces systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures toward normal and significantly lowers both SVR and PAR; (4) the percent decrease in vascular resistance after nifedipine is related to the baseline level of resistance in both the greater and the lesser circulations. Failure of the mechanisms currently indicated as responsible for pulmonary vasoconstriction to explain convincingly the increased PAR, the correlation between SVR and PAR, as well as the qualitatively similar response to calcium-channel blockade suggest that a common factor produces vasoconstriction in the two circuits. A pathogenetic role of a primary disorder in [Ca++]i cannot be excluded, but remains to be proved.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1982

BCA (breast cancer antigens): different purification extraction methods.

Various types of extraction were tested to increase the immunological yield of BCA, a CEA-like primary breast cancer associated carcinoma antigen. To allow a comparison, the different extraction techniques were applied to only one breast tumour. The comparison of the various systems was based on two parameters: protein yield and immunological activity, assayed in a RIA 125I CEA-anti CEA system. The following extraction methods were described and compared in this paper: 3M KCl; 1N HClO4; neutral pH extraction (PBS) in the absence and presence of various detergents (anionic, neutral and cationic), basic pH extraction (1N NaOH) and acid pH extraction (1.5M acetic acid) in the presence of urea and various detergents. The more significant systems were applied also to the extraction of CEA, from colonic adenocarcinoma liver metastases. The best results for both the antigens studied were obtained by using neutral detergents (1% NP 40) at neutral pH.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1982

Extraction and partial purification of a CEA-like BCA from a pool of pre-selected breast carcinomas.

By exploiting the cross-reaction among the antigens associated with a pool of breast carcinomas, preselected according to their antigenic content, a CEA-like BCA, with a specific activity of 1400 U/micrograms has been extracted, by means of 3M KCl, and partially purified by means of ConA Sepharose affinity chromatography and bioabsorption, employing, for the latter, a cross-reacting antiserum (anti CEA). The subsequent labelling, after Sephadex G-200 gel filtration, points out an immunological activity at the apex of the first peak versus anti CBC (or C.BCA) and anti CEA.

Absorption↗
PubMed1981

Circulatory and renin responses in man to unilateral reduction of the renal perfusion pressure.

This study is concerned with the mechanisms of human renovascular hypertension. Unilateral partial occlusion of a renal artery was accomplished using a balloon-tipped catheter for occlusive angiography in seven normotensive and 17 primary hypertensive subjects. The renin and circulatory responses were studied during a 60 min reduction of the renal perfusion pressure (RPP) by 50% of control. This stimulus was considered to be safe and strong enough to produce a three to four-fold rise in plasma renin activity. It was observed that: a) systemic (arterial) renin was significantly raised at 5 min, reached a peak at 15 min and continued to be significantly higher than the baseline until the occlusion was removed; b) venous renin and venous arterial difference on the occluded side became elevated after the stimulus and remained so for the duration of the occlusion; c) renin release from the contralateral kidney became partially inhibited; d) in no case did systemic arterial pressure, heart rate or cardiac output change during the studies; e) renin and circulatory patterns were similar in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. It is concluded that in humans unilateral RPP reduction duplicates the renin pattern of the Goldblatt kidney, but does not duplicate the circulatory response. This evidence applies to a 1 h renal artery occlusion and does not exclude the possibility that renin may have a role in a rise in blood pressure following renal artery stenosis of longer duration.

Blood Pressure↗