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Biomedical subjects

A Basse

Publications and source records attributed to A Basse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Gross and histopathological findings in synovial membranes of pigs with experimentally induced Mycoplasma hyosynoviae arthritis.

The aim of this investigation was to describe the gross and histopathological findings in synovial membranes of pigs with experimentally induced Mycoplasma hyosynoviae arthritis and in synovial membranes of non-infected pigs of the same age. Experimental intravenous or intranasal inoculation or contact exposure with M. hyosynoviae induced arthritis in 13- to 17-week-old pigs. The acute to subacute arthritis was characterized by increased amounts of serohaemorrhagic, serofibrinous or mahogany coloured synovial fluid combined with edema and hyperaemia, followed by yellow to brownish discoloration and moderate villous proliferation of the synovial membrane. In the chronic phase moderate fibrosis was seen, but no periarticular or articular cartilage involvement. The acute to subacute histopathological characteristics were edema, hyperaemia, variable hyperplasia of synovial lining cells, increased density of subsynovial cell populations, diffuse and perivascular infiltration with lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophage-like cells, fibrinous material, mild to moderate villous hypertrophy and mild to moderate fibrosis in chronic cases. The morphogenetic changes during the course of the infection may be described as follows: An acute preimmune phase with inflammatory changes and synovial membrane reactions dominates the first week of the infection. By the second and third week, the peak of the immune phase with masses of plasma cells and lymphocytes is seen. By 7 weeks, there is healing with moderate fibrosis. Mild ongoing reactions or recurrence of arthritis, perhaps related to persistence of mycoplasma antigens, may be seen in later phases and local antibody production may be important in this infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Hemorrhagic septicemia in fallow deer (Dama dama) caused by Pasteurella multocida multocida.

Four outbreaks of hemorrhagic septicemia caused by Pasteurella multocida multocida occurred in a population of 1,800 fallow deer (Dama dama) during 1992-1996. A total of 340 fallow deer were submitted for postmortem examination. Pasteurellosis was diagnosed in 273 of 312 deer suspected of having septicemia. Pasteurella multocida was isolated from 257 animals, and the diagnosis was based on typical pathologic changes alone in the other 16 animals. Pasteurella multocida was isolated in pure culture from 219 of 248 samples of cerebrospinal fluid. Eighteen animals were observed moribund with severe depression, foamy nasal discharge, and respiratory distress, and 257 were found dead. Major clinical signs and pathologic changes included extensive swelling of the head and the neck and peracute or acute septic pneumonia, petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages on serous membranes, and severely hemorrhagic adrenal glands and abomasum. Rhinitis and necrotic pharyngeal mucosae were common. Histologically, the most advanced lesions were in the nasal mucosa and pharynx. The swelling of the head and the neck arose from a diffuse cellulitis in the subcutaneous and intermuscular tissues. The earliest lesions in the lungs included large numbers of bacteria in the pulmonary capillaries, but various degrees of fibrinous exudation to the alveoli and infiltration with heterophils usually were observed.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1999

Typing of Pasteurella multocida from haemorrhagic septicaemia in Danish fallow deer (Dama dama).

Isolates of Pasteurella multocida ssp. multocida (n = 31) from a Danish population of fallow deer which succumbed to haemorrhagic septicaemia during 1992 1993 and isolates from the palatine tonsils of apparently healthy fallow deer from the same area (n=6) were typed and compared with P. multocida from other sources. Plasmids were net observed in the fallow deer strains and one unique pattern was observed by ribotyping using HindIII and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis using SanlI as restriction endonuclease. All Danish fallow deer isolates belonged to serotype B:3,4. On restriction endonuclease analysis using HhaI as restriction endonuclease, all had a profile identical to that of a fallow deer isolate from the United Kingdom: profile 0033 of Wilson et al. On restriction endonuclease analysis using HpaII as restriction endonuclease, the Danish fallow deer isolates had a unique profile, designated 0062, which differed slightly from that of a fallow deer isolate from the United Kingdom. P. multocida from other animal species were genotypically different from the fallow deer isolates. It is concluded that a specific clone of P. multocida was responsible for the outbreak of haemorrhagic septicaemia among Danish fallow deer. A carrier rate of 27% was demonstrated among apparently normal animals from the same population.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Feed-induced changes in transport across the rumen epithelium.

The effect of feeding strategy on rumen epithelial growth and transport capacity were studied in sixteen dairy cows. There was a significant effect of feeding strategy on transport of butyrate, sodium and chloride ions, which could not be explained by changes in epithelial surface area, structure or resistance.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1995

Pulmonary intravascular macrophages in the pathogenesis of bovine pulmonary lesions caused by Actinomyces pyogenes.

Rabbit antisera raised against somatic antigens from two strains of Actinomyces pyogenes reacted specifically in a peroxidase anti-peroxidase technique which was developed for the location of the bacteria in formalin-fixed tissues. The technique was applied on experimental murine and spontaneous bovine lesions caused by A. pyogenes. By electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry it was demonstrated that pulmonary intravascular macrophages play a role in the uptake of A. pyogenes from the blood, and in the production of pyaemic pulmonary lesions.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1995

Induced acute ruminal acidosis in goats treated with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and bicarbonate.

Ruminal acidosis was induced in twenty-one 10-month-old West African Dwarf Goats by feeding a suspension of 80 g wheat flour per kg bodyweight (day 0) through a stomach tube. Ruminal and systemic acidosis was diagnosed on day 1 in all goats. Clinical signs included loss of rumination and appetite, trembling, and watery diarrhoea. The detection of acidic faeces during the first 24h was considered of diagnostic importance. Subgroups were treated orally on days 1, 2, and 3 either with 1 g of sodium bicarbonate per kg bodyweight, with 1 g of baking yeast per kg, or with a combination of these treatments at 0.5 g of each per kg. A fourth group served as untreated controls. Peroral bicarbonate neutralization was highly effective in the treatment of rumen acidosis, whereas the use of yeast was found ineffective. The combined treatment had a moderate effect probably due to the bicarbonate. Three fatal cases (60%) occurred in the untreated group compared with none in the bicarbonate group, and 2 in each of the remaining groups. This corresponded to 33% of the yeast treated group and 40% of the combined treated group. Details were given on post mortem examinations performed on all survivors on day 11. Lesions included subacute rumenitis and abomasal ulcers. No lesions were found in 3 of the bicarbonate treated goats and in 2 of the animals receiving combined treatment.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1994

Spinal muscular atrophy in calves of the Red Danish dairy breed.

Pathological and genetic aspects of spinal muscular atrophy in Red Danish dairy cattle are described. A total of 312 calves suspected of having the condition was reported in the Danish Bovine Genetic Disease Programme, 162 of them were examined post mortem and spinal muscular atrophy was diagnosed in 82 of these. Seventy-five per cent of the affected calves had bronchopneumonia. The diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy was based on histopathological examinations of the spinal cord and musculature. The lesions were primarily characterised by degeneration of the spinal cord motor neurons with neuronophagia and denervation muscular atrophy. The ages of the affected calves varied from those recumbent from birth to a 21-week-old calf. All the necropsied cases appeared in a clearly familial pattern and could be traced back to American Brown Swiss bulls.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Osteogenesis imperfecta in Holstein-Friesian calves.

Eight calves with osteogenesis imperfecta were born in a Danish Holstein-Friesian herd during a two-year period. In total 92 calves were born (84 normal), and all were sired by a clinically normal Holstein-Friesian bull. The defect was probably due to a de novo dominant mutation present as a gonadal mosaicism in the bull. Affected calves were characterised by multiple fractures, congenital bone deformations, general joint laxity, dentinogenesis imperfecta, and light blue sclerae. The skin seemed normal. Electron microscopical studies revealed slightly decreased average diameter of cutaneous collagen fibrils, while the diameter of collagen fibrils in tendons and ligaments was severely reduced. Abnormalities of collagen type I from skin and compact bone were not detected by biochemical analyses.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Abortion and calf mortality in Danish cattle herds.

The aetiology of abortions and calf mortality in 65 Danish cattle herds consisting of both dairy and beef breeds during a 1-year period is described. All observed aborted foetuses, still-born calves, and calves dying before 6 months of age were necropsied, and relevant microbiological examinations were performed. A total of 240 calves and 66 abortions were submitted corresponding to a calf mortality rate of 7%. The abortion frequency could not be calculated. 43% of the calves died at day 0, while 22% were aborted, 15% died during the first week of life, 9% died from 1 to 4 weeks of age, and 11% died at the age of 1 to 6 months. The most common cause was neonatal pulmonic atelectasis (stillbirth) followed by foetal infections, pneumonia, and septicaemia.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1993

Vertebral fractures in newborn calves.

A prospective study on vertebral fractures in newborn calves is described. Vertebral fractures were found in 7.0% of necropsied calves of the Danish Holstein-Friesian (SDM) and Red Danish Dairy (RDM) breeds. Cases were not found in submitted calves of the Jersey breed or beef breeds. At least in beef breeds this was probably due to the low number necropsied. The rate of vertebral fractures in SDM and RDM breeds and between males and females were similar. Most cases occurred in calves born by heifers, and manual traction force had been applied in all cases. All fractures which in most cases consisted of a simple epiphysiolysis were located at the thoraco-lumbar area, and especially the posterior epiphysis of T13 was afflicted.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency in Danish Holstein-Friesian cattle. II. Patho-anatomical description of affected calves.

The patho-anatomical findings in 3 Danish Holstein-Friesian calves affected with bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) are described. The diagnosis was confirmed by genotyping for the BLAD mutagene by polymerase chain reaction technique. The main clinical symptoms were general unthriftyness and leukocytosis with a high proportion of neutrophils. None of the calves suffered from severe infections and the major pathological changes were different from those described in previously published cases. One calf had a fibro-granulomatous perilienitis and calcification of splenic stroma and pulmonic arteries. In the other cases only minor pathological changes were present.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Investigations on the occurrence of hereditary diseases in the Danish cattle population 1989-1991.

The methods of the Danish Bovine Genetic Disease Programme are outlined, and the results obtained during the first 3 years in function are described. The most common disease reported was spinal muscular atrophy in calves of the Red Danish Dairy breed with 312 reports. Necropsy was performed on 162 cases, and spinal muscular atrophy was diagnosed in 82 of these. Bovine progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy, rectovaginal constriction, syndrome of arthrogryposis and palatoschisis, hereditary chondrodysplasia (2 different types), syndactylism, epitheliogenesis imperfecta, and osteogenesis imperfecta was diagnosed with 1 case each. Lethal trait A46 was diagnosed in 4 calves. Some of these diseases have not previously been described in Denmark, and epitheliogenesis imperfecta was for the first time diagnosed in the Hereford breed. Chromosome translocation 1/29 was detected in the Blonde d'Aquitaine (BAQ), Limousine, and Red Danish Dairy breed. The aberration occurred frequently in BAQ. Furthermore, a complex chromosome translocation t(1;8;9)(q45;q13;q26) was detected in the Red Danish Dairy breed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1992

The occurrence of fungi in bovine tissues in relation to portals of entry and environmental factors.

The occurrence of fungi in tissue specimens from 72 cattle was examined by culture, histopathology and indirect immunofluorescence staining (IIF). Groups of 12 animals each had been fed either concentrate or roughage and had been housed either in tie stalls, on slatted floors or on deep bedding. Specimens were obtained from the lung, omasum and Peyer's patches of the ileum and corresponding lymph nodes. Both hyphae and spores were made visible by IIF and by combination of IIF, morphology and conventional staining it was possible to differentiate between aspergilli and zygomycetes. In the lungs, aspergilli were detected at the same rate by morphology and IIF, whereas zygomycetes were found nearly twice as often by IIF than by culture. Fungi in pulmonary tissue were most frequent in cattle tied or kept on deep bedding (P < 0.01) as assessed by IIF. Within lymph nodes only spores were found, and Aspergillus fumigatus was the predominant species. Lesions devoid of fungi, especially ulcerations, were observed on the edges of the largest omasal laminae with a notable preference for the aboral third. The localization and histopathology suggested a reflux of acid abomasal contents to be the pathogenic principle. Granulomas with centrally located plant material were found more frequently in cattle fed roughage than in cattle fed concentrate (P = 0.01) and were differentiated from mycotic granulomas.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1991

Acute disseminated Aspergillosis in a cow with special reference to penetration and spread.

Acute disseminated aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus fumigatus is reported in a 4-year-old cow given broad spectrum antibiotics and anti-inflammatory therapy. All stomach compartments were infected and hyphal invasion of gastric blood vessels was the probable source of generalization to the liver, lung and kidneys. Throughout the Peyer's patches of the jejunum there were acute necrotic foci with Aspergillus hyphae and similar foci occurred in the corresponding mesenteric lymph nodes. This points to the Peyer's patches being a portal of entry for A. fumigatus to the lymphatic system of the intestine.

Abomasum↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of intestinal anaphylactic reactions in sensitized mice challenged with untreated bovine milk and homogenized bovine milk.

Outbred NMRI mice were sensitized for high IgE production either by subcutaneous injections of low doses of untreated bovine milk or homogenized bovine milk in combination with intraperitoneal injections of Freund's Complete Adjuvant or by oral administration of untreated or homogenized bovine milk without adjuvant. When analysed in murine passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test both types of milk resulted in production of reaginic antibodies against bovine milk proteins when given subcutaneously. When given orally, homogenized milk resulted in reagin production in 10 out of 14 mice, whereas untreated milk resulted in reagin production in only one out of 12 mice. The sensitized mice, and control mice, were orally challenged with either untreated milk, homogenized milk or 0.9% NaCl. Examination of the intestines 40 min after oral administration revealed that homogenized milk, contrary to untreated milk or 0.9% NaCl, resulted in a large increase in the mass of the proximal gut segment of mice sensitized orally with homogenized milk compared with control mice orally challenged with saline (P less than 0.001), and only mice both sensitized and challenged orally with homogenized milk showed degranulation of mast cells in the intestinal wall. By contrast, subcutaneously sensitized mice or mice sensitized orally with untreated bovine milk showed no significant intestinal reaction upon oral challenge with either homogenized or untreated bovine milk. These observations may indicate that the route of sensitization is of great importance when intestinal reactions are to be studied, and that homogenization of bovine milk may render the milk more aggressive with respect to its ability to induce intestinal reactions. The study indicates that mice may be an attractive experimental animal model for mimicking the intestinal anaphylactic reactions of cow milk-allergic humans.

Administration, Oral↗