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Biomedical subjects

A Bayer

Publications and source records attributed to A Bayer.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Potential influence of previous medical pathology on use of thrombolysis in the elderly with suspected acute myocardial infarction.

A perceived reluctance by many doctors to consider the use of thrombolytic therapy in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction prompted us to investigate the potential influence of pre-existing medical pathology on use of fibrinolysis. Of 251 patients consecutively admitted to hospital with suspected acute myocardial infarction, absolute contra-indications to thrombolysis were found in 9 (4%) patients and relative contra-indications in a further 82 (31%) patients. This study suggests that the presence of contra-indications plays a small role in influencing the potential use of thrombolysis in the elderly. Age itself should not be assumed to be inevitably associated with an unacceptable rate of contra-indications for thrombolytic therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Randomised trial of case finding and surveillance of elderly people at home.

Health screening for old people who live at home has been the subject of debate for 30 years or so. It has come to the fore again in the UK with the new emphasis on annual assessments by general practitioners (GPs) of those aged 75 or more. Screening in the elderly has implications for manpower. How can it best be done? We describe here a randomised, controlled study of case finding and surveillance in patients aged 65 and over in a general practice in South Wales. Problem identification was by a postal questionnaire, focusing on function, that was sent at random to 369 eligible patients with subsequent verification and intervention by a specially appointed nurse. The 356 controls had no questionnaires and no contact with that nurse. The study lasted 3 years, and end-points included mortality, self-ratings of quality of life, and health status, and use of all services (GP contacts, hospital admission, home help, and so on). Mortality was significantly lower in the intervention group (18%) than in the controls (24%) (difference 6.0% [95% CI 0.1-11.9%], p less than 0.05). Total number of hospital admissions did not differ between intervention and control groups, but duration of hospital stay of patients aged 65 to 74 years was significantly shorter in the intervention group (difference 4.6 days [95% CI 1.6-7.6], p less than 0.01). An increase in visits to a GP was largely offset by a lower number of home visits by a GP. Quality-of-life measures revealed no between-group differences, but self-rated health status was superior in the intervention group. We conclude that the use of a postal screening questionnaire with selective follow-up and intervention can favourably influence outcome and use of health care resources by elderly people living at home.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A method for more accurate determination of the properties of antinuclear antibodies].

The aim of the study was to evaluate statistically the result of 18 accessory reactions performed histochemically on cryostat tissue sections with patient sera exhibiting positive immunofluorescent reaction with antigens of the cell nucleus in the dilution of 1:10. The following antisera were used: antisera to immunoglobulin classes, A, D, E, G, and M, to complement components C3, C4, and B1AC, to immunoglobulin fragments Fc, Fc + Fc', and Fab, as well as species-nonspecific antisera SWAR and RASw. The immunofluorescent reaction to antinuclear antibodies was performed on sections pretreated with physiological saline, HCl, trypsin, DNase and RNase. A total of 152 sera was thus examined. Further detailed analysis is presumed to provide a basis for developing a system of extended diagnostic possibilities in the field of autoaggressive diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Adenosine-induced respiratory and heart rate changes in young and elderly adults.

The effects of intravenous boluses of adenosine on respiration and heart rate were compared in young and elderly individuals. Respiratory stimulation and biphasic changes in heart rate were confirmed. The dose-response relationship for the effects of adenosine on respiration and heart-rate did not differ significantly between 10 young (mean age 25.2 +/- 4.9 years) and 10 elderly (mean age 66 +/- 3.1 years) drug-free individuals, indicating that age is unlikely to be a major determinant of adenosine responsiveness.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1988

Pulmonary embolism in the elderly.

A retrospective study was made of a consecutive series of patients over 65 years of age diagnosed as having a pulmonary embolus by either ventilation-perfusion lung scan or at necropsy. No clinical features were particularly helpful in making the diagnosis though signs of deep-vein thrombosis were present in 35%. Anticoagulants were well tolerated by all patients to whom they were prescribed. Postmortem findings showed a decreasing frequency of pulmonary emboli in the elderly which may indicate a reduction in predisposing factors.

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PubMed1987

Pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in the elderly.

The pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin, administered orally as a 250-mg tablet were compared in 10 young (age 20-30 years) and 10 elderly (age 60-73 years) healthy volunteers. The time to peak serum concentrations was about 80 min in both age groups, although the maximum concentration attained was significantly greater in the old (1.7 mg/l) than the young (1.2 mg/l). Area under the plasma concentration-time curve, corrected for body weight, was on average 48% greater in the elderly, but the mean terminal elimination half-life was not significantly different, averaging 4.3 h in the old and 3.7 h in the young. Overall 24-hour urinary recovery in both age groups was comparable. The differences may be explained by a reduced volume of distribution of ciprofloxacin in old age and do not suggest a general need for significant dose alteration in the elderly.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Preservation of platelets and blood products by intravenously administered dipyridamole in patients who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting.

The combination of dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid has been proven effective in preventing coronary artery bypass graft occlusion, but the benefits of dipyridamole alone have not yet been evaluated. In order to assess the value of dipyridamole alone, the authors randomized 24 patients (age range from 47 to 76 years) who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting to treatment with either dipyridamole (120 mg/d) by constant intravenous infusion or isotonic dextrose solution. They recorded platelet counts and aggregates, hemoglobin levels, total blood loss, blood products and intravenous fluids given and dipyridamole plasma levels, starting 8 hours before operation and continuing for 3 days after. The two groups were similar with respect to pump time, cross-clamp time and baseline demographic factors. Platelet counts during cross-clamping and 1 hour postoperatively were similar, but those on days 1, 2 and 3 postoperatively were significantly (p = 0.01 to 0.02) higher in the dipyridamole group. Mean blood losses in this group were 22% to 30% lower, but the difference was not significant. However, administration of erythrocytes and plasma was 49% to 58% less in the dipyridamole group (p = 0.005 to 0.048) over the same period. Dipyridamole plasma concentrations varied from 0.37 micrograms/ml before and during bypass to 1.5 micrograms/ml in the 3 days after. The authors conclude that dipyridamole administered intravenously to patients who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting may preserve hemostatically effective platelets so that fewer blood products are required.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma with nuclear tubular inclusions. Case report and electron microscopy findings.

A case of bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma with the ultrastructural characteristics of type II pneumocytes is presented. Tubular type nuclear inclusions were frequent. Two types of inclusions were seen: a common uncircumscribed type and a chromatin or cisterna demarcated type which resembled cytoplasmic pseudoinclusions. Both types, however, appear to be variants of the same lesion since intermediate or transitional forms can be observed. Inclusions of the same type were seen in cells from extrapulmonary metastases from this carcinoma. This excludes the possibility that cells with inclusions represented trapped non-neoplastic type II pneumocytes.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMed1985

Contamination of surface-water bodies after reactor accidents by the erosion of atmospherically deposited radionuclides.

Reactor safety analyses usually do not consider the population risk which might result from the contamination of surface-water bodies after reactor accidents by the erosion of atmospherically deposited radionuclides. This paper is intended to provide perspective on the reasonableness of this omission. Data are presented which are suggestive of the rates at which atmospherically deposited radionuclides might erode into surface-water bodies. These rates are used in the calculation of potential health effects resulting from surface-water contamination due to such erosion. These health effects are compared with predicted health effects due to atmospheric and terrestrial pathways after reactor accidents. The presented results support the belief that the contamination of surface-water bodies after reactor accidents by the erosion of atmospherically deposited radionuclides is not a major contributor to the risk associated with such accidents.

Accidents↗