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Biomedical subjects

A Chopdar

Publications and source records attributed to A Chopdar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Ophthalmic care for the twenty-first century: a perspective based on a recent white paper, 'The New NHS'.

A recent white paper entitled The New NHS describes the changes that the government aims to adopt in order to deliver a new truly national health service (NHS). Priority would be given to developing community services in partnership with hospital NHS trusts. This paper describes a model that could be adopted for delivering such a service in the field of ophthalmology.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1998

Lessons to be learned: a case study approach--a case of temporal arteritis.

A 71-year-old male presented with a history of sudden partial visual loss in the right eye with an inferior visual field defect over the past 3-4 days. He had no history of headache or of facial pain. Clinical examination confirmed that vision on the right side was reduced to 6/18 and on the left to 6/12. The right eye showed a relative afferent pupillary defect. There was no other abnormality of the anterior segment of either eye. The right retina showed a pale swollen optic disc and a provisional diagnosis of anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (AION) was made. An urgent erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was ordered and the patient was asked to return to the eye clinic in one month. However, 16 days later--when it was first recognised that his ESR was elevated to 75 mm in the first hour--the patient was recalled immediately in order to commence systemic steroid treatment; but regrettably, by this time, his right eye had become totally blind. In this case, although the attending doctor made a correct clinical diagnosis on presentation, he failed to act upon the result of the blood test.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

A pre-operative mydriatic regime using a single application of tropicamide Novel Ophthalmic Delivery System and guttae phenylephrine 10%.

Tropicamide Novel Ophthalmic Delivery System (NODS) and guttae (g.) phenylephrine 10% was applied once, 2 hours before cataract surgery, as an alternative to our standard pre-operative regime of g. cyclopentolate 1% and g. phenylephrine 10% used four times before surgery. The two treatment groups were compared using a randomised, prospective, observer-masked study design. The horizontal pupil diameter was significantly smaller using the new regime but the per-operative decrease in diameter was not significantly different, suggesting that surgical miosis was not influenced by reducing the number of mydriatic applications. There was no difference in the subjective grading of the pupil, suggesting that adequate mydriasis suitable for cataract surgery was obtained using the alternative regime. No major complications were documented in relation to the use of NODS. We discuss why less intensive mydriasis is likely to be as efficacious and describe its potential advantages.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

A variant of central areolar choroidal dystrophy.

This article describes the variable ophthalmoscopic features of a macular disorder in five generations of one family. This disease shares similarities with central areolar choroidal dystrophy and other progressive dominant macular dystrophies but demonstrates significant differences that required further consideration. The milder affected individuals had confluent hyperfluorescence around the macular area while the more severe lesions consisted of marked chorioretinal atrophy of the macula. The visual fields revealed a central scotoma. The disorder was transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Carbon-dioxide laser treatment of eye lid lesions.

A commercially available carbon-dioxide laser has been used in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma, capillary haemangioma, papilloma and various other neoplastic lesions involving the lids and paraocular skin. Altogether 20 patients have been treated in the past two years. The results have been very encouraging. All lesions have healed without scarring, and to date there have been no recurrences. The advantage of CO2 laser irradiation is coagulation of blood and lymphatic channels in the treatment area, which prevents bleeding and limits dissemination of tumour cells. Also discussed is the mechanism of CO2 laser and the possibilities for the future.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1984

Dual trunk central retinal vein incidence in clinical practice.

In a study carried out on 123 eyes to establish the incidence of dual trunk central retinal vein, 25 (20.5%) eyes showed such an arrangement. The presence of such anomalies has also been substantiated through the results of anatomical, histological, and microdissectional studies by various workers. The zone of the retina drained by the individual central retinal vein varied from 30% to 70%. The arrangement was not only superior or inferior, but could also be medial, lateral, diagonal, or crossed. The clinical relevance of this finding is a newly described fundus condition called hemi-central retinal vein occlusion.

Fluorescein Angiography↗
PubMed1982

Occlusion of the posterior ciliary artery. V. Protective influence of simultaneous vortex vein occlusion.

In 28 eyes of rhesus monkeys, occlusion of all the posterior ciliary arteries (PCAs) was either performed alone (in seven eyes) or accompanied simultaneously by occlusion of one vortex vein (VV) (in 11 eyes) or two VVs (in ten eyes). In addition, in four eyes lateral PCA occlusion was combined with occlusion of two VVs. All the eyes were investigated for acute ischemic lesions in the fundus, ie, outer retinal infarcts and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION). The findings indicate that occlusion of one or two VVs exercised a distinct protective influence against the acute ischemic lesions. The study also demonstrated that notable interstudy and intrastudy variations in the incidence and extent of retinal infarcts and AION among the various previously reported experimental PCA occlusion studies were caused by unintentional and unnoticed cutting of some of the VVs in the orbit.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Hemi-central retinal vein occlusion. Pathogenesis, clinical features, natural history and incidence of dual trunk central retinal vein.

It has been shown that dual trunk central retinal vein (CRV) occurs in 20.3 per cent of a normal population. Confirmatory evidence has been produced by the results of anatomical, histological and micro-dissection studies. Occlusion of the single trunk of such a vein in its retrolaminar, or intraneural part, would result in a venous occlusion affecting one-half of the retina similar to that of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Yet this should be regarded as a variation of CRVO. Visual prognosis seems to be better in hemi-central retinal venous occlusion than in total CRVO. The site of development of collateral gives a clue to the site of the occlusion. Therefore, it is suggested that hemi-CRVO is a distinct entity and should not be confused with so-called hemi-spherical vein occlusion which is a variation of BRVO.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Fluorescent infra-red angiography of the fundus oculi using indocyanine green dye.

This article describes the infra-red fluorescent angiographic technique to study the choroidal circulation in normal and pathological conditions. The standard Zeiss fundus camera was modified to hold suitable excitation and barrier filters. The dye used was indocyanine green, which has been proved to be free from any untoward reaction and has less tendency to leak from the fenestrated choriocapillaris, unlike fluorescein. Results obtained in pathological conditions like temporal arteritis, choroidal naevus, malignant melanoma, and choroidal angiomas were better shown by this technique than by fluorescein angiography.

Choroid↗