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Biomedical subjects

A Csima

Publications and source records attributed to A Csima.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effects of brotizolam on the sleep of chronic insomniacs.

Effects of 0.5 mg brotizolam on the sleep of chronic insomniacs were assessed electroencephalographically and subjectively over 14 days. Brotizolam (0.5 mg) increased total sleep time, decreased drowsy (stage 1) sleep and increased stage 2 sleep. At this dose it also decreased slow wave and rapid eye movement sleep. On withdrawal there was evidence of insomnia in some subjects during the first night. The drug was well tolerated. Further studies are indicated with lower doses of the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Use and abuse of mammography in the early diagnosis of breast cancer.

In the 8 years before 1980, 3958 women were examined in the St. Michael's Hospital breast clinic in Toronto. Of 302 women with breast cancer, 87 (29%) had normal mammograms. Breast cancer was found in 34 after at least one clinical and mammographic examination had given normal results. Of these, 6 (18%) cancers were detected only by mammography while, paradoxically, 23 (68%) were detected only by clinical examination. Normal mammograms are significantly (p less than 0.001) more frequent in young women with breast cancer and in those with small palpable breast cancers. Mammography is most productive when used as a routine study in older women who have clinically normal breasts. All women should start having them around the age of 40 to 45 years. How often they should be repeated is debatable. There is no evidence that they should be repeated annually. Under 35 years of age mammography for any reason is unrewarding. Biopsy of a breast lump that is solid on aspiration should never be delayed because of a normal mammogram. Biopsy of a radiologically suspicious lesion in the breast should never be delayed because the findings on clinical examination are normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Efficiency of palpation in clinical detection of breast cancer.

An annual clinical screening test for breast cancer must be simple, brief and efficient. The traditional physical examination of the breast is time-consuming, mainly because of the complicated maneuvers necessary to inspect for retraction. Palpation with the patient supine, however, can be performed quickly. Of 286 primary breast cancers 96% (275) were palpable as a lump, and this was the only clinical sign in 55%. Retraction was the sole clinical sign in only 1%. The combination of retraction and a solid lump is a very specific but not very sensitive test for breast cancer. Retraction in this series was not related to the size of the primary tumour but among the women with a cancerous breast lump was significantly more likely to be found in those over 44 years of age, being present in 52% of these women but only 10% of the younger women. Inspection of the breast can therefore safely be detected from screening breast examinations, whether performed by the physician or the patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Multivariate analysis of diet and serum lipids in normal men.

The relationships among intake of dietary fiber, fat, and serum lipids were examined in a population of 200 normal men. Univariate analyses indicated that men with lower serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were consuming significantly more dietary fiber and proportionately fewer fat calories. However, higher fiber consumption was also associated with differences in relative body weight, fat intake, and cigarette smoking; the relationship of dietary fiber intake to serum lipids was largely mediated by those coexisting differences in other environmental variables. In contrast, the percentage of total calories consumed as fat was independently positively related to both serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1971

Pathogenesis of hypocalcemia in magnesium depletion. Normal end-organ responsiveness to parathyroid hormone.

Hypocalcemia in the hypomagnesemic state in man is usually attributed to refractoriness of end-organs to the calcemic action of parathyroid hormone. We studied the responsiveness of end-organs to bovine parathyroid extract (PTE) in magnesium-depleted and control dogs by the following three methods after thyroparathyroidectomy: (a) assessment of the calcemic response to a set dose of PTE (0.3 U/kg per hr); (b) assessment of PTE dose required to attain normocalcemia; (c) evaluation of regression lines of plasma calcium concentration on PTE dose. The calcemic response of magnesium-depleted thyroparathyroidectomized puppies to a set dose of PTE was similar to that of control puppies. There was no significant difference in the dose of PTE required to attain normocalcemia nor in the dose-response relations between the plasma calcium concentration and the PTE dose. In a group of magnesium-depleted puppies with intact thyroid and parathyroid glands, the dose of PTE required to attain normocalcemia was similar to that required in thyroparathyroidectomized animals, indicating calcitonin was not a factor contributing to hypocalcemia. We conclude that hypocalcemia in magnesium-depleted puppies is not due to refractoriness of end-organs to the calcium-mobilizing action of parathyroid hormone. Defective synthesis or diminished secretion of parathyroid hormone is suggested as an explanation.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1970

Studies of male survivors of myocardial infarction. XII. Relation of serum lipids and lipoproteins to survival over a 10-year period.

The relation of serum cholesterol and standard S(t) lipoproteins to survival over a 10-year period was studied in a "good risk" group of 120 men, aged 31 to 83, who had survived myocardial infarction by at least three months. All subjects were free of other disorders that might affect survival and were not receiving therapy to alter their serum lipids.Ten-year survival from time of entry into the study was 35%. Age had no important influence on survival. Neither the level of the serum cholesterol nor of the lipoprotein fractions related to survival. Mode of coronary death, whether infarctional or sudden, was also unrelated to serum cholesterol.Although the incidence and age of onset of CHD is influenced by serum lipid levels, survival subsequent to infarction is not. Apparently serum lipids affect the rate of atherogenesis in the long silent preclinical stage, but in the short clinical stage other factors determine survival. This suggests that therapy to lower serum lipids, based on a specific diagnosis of the type of hyperlipoproteinemia, should be started early in life before clinical disease occurs.

Adult↗
PubMed1970

Variations in paper electrophoretic serum lipoprotein patterns in healthy subjects.

The normal variations in the paper electrophoretic lipoprotein patterns in 240 healthy Canadian males and females, aged 10 to 59 years, have been described and compared with serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels.The incidence of abnormal chylomicra, beta and pre-beta lipoproteins was similar in both sexes and increased with age in both sexes.Chylomicron bands and/or pre-beta trails from the origin occurred in 4% of subjects, pre-beta bands in 27% and "abnormally" dense beta bands in 28%.Five per cent of subjects were considered to have definite hyperlipoproteinemia, another 19% had slight and 21% had questionable hyperlipoproteinemia. Fifty-five per cent were normal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1967

Studies of male survivors of myocardial infarction. IX. Mortality experience and insurability.

The mortality of a group of Canadians who survived myocardial infarction for at least three months was compared with the mortality of medically selected lives insured in Canada at standard rates. The results were expressed as the ratio of the actual deaths incurred in the infarction group to the deaths expected according to the insured table. There were 120 men, approximately 25 in each decade from the fourth to the eighth inclusive, with no condition other than coronary disease which might affect survival. The severity and number of infarcts did not influence selection.Calculating from the date of entry into the study the mortality ratio after 10 years was 530%. Calculating from the date of first infarction, the mortality ratio from 0 to five years was 980%, from six to 10 years 510% and after 10 years 320%. The mortality ratio was greatest in the fourth decade, 9400%, and decreased progressively: fifth, 2400%; sixth, 1300%; seventh, 400%; eighth, 230%. In the younger groups the high mortality ratios were due to the small number of expected deaths at young ages, not to an increase in the absolute number of actual deaths. In each age group the mortality ratio decreased with time but remained substantially increased even after 10 years. The mortality experience of this coronary group was worse than that of more rigidly selected, insured coronary groups.

Adult↗