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Biomedical subjects

A Csima

Publications and source records attributed to A Csima.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1966

A clinical trial of four hypnotic drugs.

A CLINICAL TRIAL OF FOUR HYPNOTIC DRUGS WAS CARRIED OUT: Ro 4-5360, 10 mg. (Mogadon), methyprylon, 200 mg. (Noludar), Ro 4-5360, 5 mg. (Mogadon), secobarbital sodium, 100 mg. (Seconal), and a placebo. The study was on the usual double-blind basis, and all observations were made by a full-time nurse. Capsules were given at 10 p.m. for five successive nights, with two nights free from medication or observation. There were five such periods. The nurse carried out her observations right through the night, determining whether the patients were awake or asleep. Each of these drugs was statistically significantly different from the placebo, in terms of length of sleep. Differences between the individual drugs were not significant. The length of action of the various drugs appeared to be similar, with a somewhat longer period of activity for the Mogadon in both dosages. The major side effect was some drowsiness: this was more marked with Mogadon 10 mg. With the hypnotics, the patients had, on the average, about one hour more sleep than on the placebo.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparative 25-night sleep laboratory study on the effects of quazepam and triazolam on chronic insomniacs.

The short- and intermediate-term actions, as well as the carryover and withdrawal effects, of quazepam , a new benzodiazepine hypnotic with a half-life of 60 to 100 hours, were compared with those of triazolam, a triazolodiazepine hypnotic with a half-line of 2 to 3 hours. Both the subjective effects of these drugs as well as their objective actions on the sleep EEG were sought. The study was conducted on two groups of six subjects with chronic insomnia who ranged in age from 32 to 56 years. Each subject was studied for 25 consecutive nights. Placebo was administered at bedtime on the first four nights, followed by 30 mg quazepam or 0.5 mg triazolam on the next 14 nights and by placebo again on the ensuing seven withdrawal nights. Both drugs increased the total sleep time during their administration and improved the subjective quality of sleep. Major differences, however, were observed on withdrawal. A significant and marked decrease in the total sleep time occurred with triazolam on the first withdrawal night. With quazepam , rebound insomnia was not observed at any time during the seven-day withdrawal period.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prediction of the relative blood glucose response of mixed meals using the white bread glycemic index.

Unexpected plasma glucose responses to different mixed meals fed to normal and diabetic volunteers have recently been reported. We have therefore examined in normal volunteers the effect of mixing carbohydrate foods of different glycemic indices (GIs) without the addition of fat and protein. The observed GI of the mixed meal was within 2% of the expected value. In studies in the literature where fat and protein were added to mixed meals, the observed blood glucose responses also related significantly to the meal GIs calculated from the individual foods. Addition of fat and protein in the quantities used did not obscure this relationship. Studies to determine sources of error in comparing glycemic responses showed that type II diabetic patients displayed the least within-individual variation, and type I diabetic patients the most. Expression of results as the GI rather than as absolute glycemic response areas reduced by 50% the between-subject variation. The mean GI values of rice tested in type I and type II patients were similar (82 +/- 22 compared with 74 +/- 19) and the reproducibility 22 mo later in the same group of subjects was excellent (81 +/- 15 compared with 83 +/- 15). However, the lack of precise GI values for all foods fed in the test meals indicates a need for GI values to be derived for a wider range of individual foodstuffs. The GI approach to classifying foods according to physiologic effect may play a useful role in planning meals and diets in which specific blood glucose profiles are required.

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PubMedDate not supplied

Diabetes-related lower extremity amputations in Ontario: 1987-88 experience.

Lower extremity amputee rates were estimated for diabetic persons living in Ontario. The rates were specified for age, sex and six Health Regions. The 1987-88 Hospital Records Institute database supplied the information regarding the amputations and the prevalence of diabetes in Ontario was estimated from age/sex specific diabetic rates of the U.S. The crude amputee rate for Ontario is 40 amputees/year/10,000 diabetics and the amputation rate is 44 amputations/year/10,000. These rates are lower than the 101 amputees/year/10,000 reported in the U.K. and are reasonably close to those of the U.S. (59.7 amputations/year/10,000). Age and sex Standardized Morbidity Ratios indicated that Region 1 and 6 have significantly higher and Region 2 significantly lower amputee rates than the Province. There is an almost two-fold difference between the highest and the lowest DRLEA rates of the six regions. (Range: 60-30). These results should be interpreted with caution, since actual prevalence rates of diabetes are not available.

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