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Biomedical subjects

A E Nilson

Publications and source records attributed to A E Nilson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Extracorporeal kidney surgery and calicovesicostomy in urothelial tumors of the upper urinary tract].

On the basis of 3 own cases it is reported on a new alternative treatment in otherwise inoperable cases in patients with urothelium tumours of the upper urinary tract. The histologically ascertained transitory cell carcinomas are treated by extracorporeal tumour resection and autotransplantation with calicovesicostomy. Main indications are malignant tumours of the renal pelvis and of the ureter in individual kidneys and in bilateral affection.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Diuretic urography in the assessment of obstruction of the pelvi-ureteric junction.

Twenty adult patients with urographic evidence of unilateral, moderately wide renal pelves were examined by routine and diuretic urography. Planimetry of the corresponding calyx system of the two examinations was performed. An increase in size by more than 20 per cent following osmotic diuresis indicated an obstruction of the pelvi-ureteric junction in kidneys with moderately wide renal pelves. Diuretic urography may be useful to diagnose obstruction as a cause of moderately wide renal pelves and to assess operative results.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Postcesarean vesico-uterine fistula.

A case of postcesarean vesico-uterine fistula in conjunction with a fibrous cord joining the anterior and posterior wall of the bladder is reported. The symptoms of menouria and amenorrhoea in the absence of urinary incontinence are explained by reference to the pressure gradients which normally exist in the bladder and the uterine cavity. The etiology, diagnosis and therapy of this and other reported cases are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effect on renal function of diversion of contents of the small intestine to the urinary bladder in dogs.

The results of this study have demonstrated that, when the urinary bladder is used as a reservoir for the intestinal contents in female dogs, no serious consequences for renal function are observed during an observation period of from six to 30 months. Further studies are in progress to analyze bladder function, the histopathologic factors of the bladder wall and the microbiology of the bladder contents.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Clinical significance of duodenal diverticula and value of hypotonic duodenography.

In 24 patients duodenal diverticula were found by means of hypotonic duodenography. Nineteen of these patients had also undergone a conventional barium examination, but with that procedure the diverticula were revealed in only 8 of them. The clinical significance of duodenal diverticula is suggested and the diagnostic value of hypotonic duodenography is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Conduiturinary diversion and urinary-tract infection. I. Serum antibody titers against Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis in relation to urographic findings.

The serum antibody titers against Escherichia coli and/or Proteus mirabilis were elevated in 26 of 80 patients (33%) with a conduit urinary diversion. Urographic findings were abnormal in 44 of these 80 patients (55%). Urography was normal in 59% of the patients with normal antibody titers, but in only 15% of those with elevated titers. Raised antibody levels against E. coli O antigen (greater than 256 before and/or greater than 32 after mercaptoethanol treatment of serum) were associated with wide upper urinary tract or calculi more often than were normal E. coli antibody titers. Raised titers against P. mirabilis (greater than 256 before and/or greater than 32 after mercaptoethanol treatment of serum) were associated with scarring of the renal parenchyma more frequently than were normal titers. A statistically significant association was found between "small" kidney area and raised serum antibody titers against E. coli or P. mirabilis. The frequency of "small" kidney increased with the time lapse after urinary diversion. At 3 to 11 months postoperatively it was 29%, but among the patients with urinary diversion for more than five years the corresponding frequency was 82%. When at least one kidney was "small", the serum creatinine was higher than when both kidneys were of normal size. Patients with raised antibody titers tended also to have high serum creatinine (greater than or equal to 124 mumol/l) more often than those with normal titers (23 vs. 10%). These observations imply a connection between elevation of the antibody titers and destruction of the renal parenchyma in patients with conduit urinary diversion. They illustrate the value of antibody titration in the follow-up of patients with urinary diversion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Conduit urinary diversion and urinary-tract infection. II. Raised serum antibody titers against Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis in relation to bacteriologic findings.

Elevated serum antibody titers against Escherichia coli and/or Proteus mirabilis were found in 35% of 89 patients with a conduit urinary diversion. Statistical analysis showed significant correlation between the titers and growth of E. coli or P. mirabilis in conduit urine. But 17 (24%) of 72 patients without E. coli in urine cultures had raised E. coli antibody titer. Only 3 (4%) of 68 patients without growth of P. mirabilis had raised P. mirabilis antibody titer. When the post-diversion observation period was more than five years, the frequency of antibody titer elevation was greater than in patients with shorter post-diversion follow-up. The volume of residual urine in the conduit showed statistically significant correlation with presence of bacteriuria and with the antibody titer level against P. mirabilis. Patients with high antibody titers tended to have high readings of serum creatinine. Antibiotic therapy reduced elevated E. coli and P. mirabilis antibody titers. Titration of antibodies to E. coli and P. mirabilis is recommended in the follow-up care of patients with conduit urinary diversion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Extracorporeal surgery and autotransplantation for carcinoma of the pelvis and ureter.

Multiple transitional cell tumours of the renal pelvis and proximal ureter of a solitary kidney were successfully managed by total ureterectomy, extracorporeal subtotal resection of the renal pelvis, autotransplantation, and calicovesicostomy. The method permits resection of a maximum of the uroepithelium of the upper urinary tract at the same time as it preserves available renal parenchyma. It also implies a new and exciting approach to the renal pelvis for endoscopic postoperative control and local treatment of the malignancy.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1979

Premalignant lesions of the pappilla of Vater and the common bile duct.

Two patients with benign adenomatous papilloma of the papilla of Vater and the common bile duct are presented. Both patients had symptoms from the upper gastrointestinal tract and biliary system. The clinical and roentgenological aspects are discussed and the importance of the correct preoperative and/or peroperative diagnosis and the value of radical surgery is emphasized.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Ureteral reflux from ileal conduit.

In 14 patients with ileal conduit urinary diversion the frequency of ureteral reflux was studied and the intraluminal conduit pressure was registered. Reflux was found in 20 (67%) of the 30 ureters (2 patients with 3 ureters each). The frequency was approximately the same in the erect and supine body positions. Low pressure reflux (less than or equal to 12 cm H2O) was observed in about 50%. No correlation between the conduit pressure and the occurrence of ureteral reflux was found.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Diagnostic value of hypotonic duodenography in superior mesenteric artery syndrome.

The superior mesenteric artery syndrome is a compression of the duodenum. We believe that the diagnostic limitations of the routine barium meal studies can be abolished by hypotonic duodenography. Before surgical treatment other pathological conditions should be excluded. Peptic ulcer disease often coexists. Patients with persisting signs and symptoms after surgery for ulcer should be re-examined with this condition in mind. The adequate treatment is duodenojejunostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Back-flow from urinary collecting devices into the ileal conduit.

The occurrence of back-flow from urinary collecting devices into the ileal conduit was observed in 9 out of 46 patients. In 6 of them back-flow to the upper urinary tract also occurred. Nipple stomas of at least 2 cm height were found to resist back-flow into the conduit better than any flat stoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Duplication of the renal pelvis and blind-ending bifid ureter in twins.

Blind-ending bifid ureter in a woman with urinary tract infection and a duplicated renal pelvis in her twin sister are reported. The blind-ending bifid ureter terminated as a fibrous cord with a terminal mass of immature renal tissue. This type of ureter may be a transitional form between histologically blind-ending bifid ureter and duplication of the renal pelvis and/or kidneys. Findings in twins support this opinion.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Long-term intravaginal electrical stimulation in urge and stress incontinence.

Using a new device for intravaginal electrical stimulation (IVS), 24 women with pure stress incontinence, mixed urge and stress incontinence or urge incontinence due to detrusor instability, were treated. To minimize mechanical discomfort, the electrode carrier was made of flexible material and inflatable. Furthermore, this design facilitated fixed, constant positioning of the electrodes at individually tested sites to produce maximum response at voltage well tolerated by the patient. The stimulation frequency was adjusted to suit the cause of incontinence: 20 to 50 Hz in stress incontinence, 10 Hz detrusor instability. The electrode carrier was well accepted. Seven of the 9 patients with pure stress incontinence became continent during IVS. Three of them have so far remained continent for 2 to 8 months without IVS. The 15 patients with detrusor instability or mixed incontinence were all free from symptoms after IVS for more than 3 months. Two of them have remained cured for more than 3 months after they had stopped IVS.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The risk of renal allograft rejection following angiography.

In a retrospective study of 173 immediately functioning primary kidney transplants, correlation between agiography and renal allograft rejection was studied during the first 14 days. It was found that rejection was more frequent in kidneys undergoing angiography than in those not undergoing angiography. It was also found that in kidneys undergoing angiography an overwhelming number of the rejections started the day after angiography. These differences in rejection frequency could not be explained by differences in HLA matching or the origin of the kidneys. These findings suggest a possible connection indicating that the angiography might elicit an acute rejection episode. A possible mechanism for starting this reaction might be activation of the complement system which was found in 50% of the patients undergoing angiography in peripheral blood and in 100% when studied in vitro.

Angiography↗