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Biomedical subjects

A Fateh-Moghadam

Publications and source records attributed to A Fateh-Moghadam.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Assessment of bone marrow histology in the malignant lymphomas (non-Hodgkin's): correlation with clinical factors for diagnosis, prognosis, classification and staging.

Bone marrow biopsies of 678 untreated patients with established malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (ML) were investigated. The bone marrow was involved in 468 cases, an overall frequency of 69%. The Kiel classification of the ML (based on lymph node histology) was applied and the biopsies were classified: ML lymphocytic 36%, ML 'hairy cell' 24%, ML lymphoplasmacytic/cytoid 24%, ML centrocytic 6%, ML centroblastic/centrocytic 4%, ML lymphoblastic (without ALL) 3%, ML centroblastic 2% and ML immunoblastic 1%. The life tables of the patients were similar whether classified according to the histology of the lymph node or the bone marrow. A multivariate computer based analysis of both clinical and histological data was performed to test their prognostic relevance. The cell type, the proliferation pattern and the extent of infiltration in the bone marrow all proved to be factors of prognostic significance. The results indicate that classification of the ML based on lymph node histology is applicable to the bone marrow, is reproducible and has prognostic significance. Consequently, a bone marrow biopsy is a useful clinical tool for staging and for histological classification of patients with ML.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1982

Sorbent membrane dialysis in uremia.

The inclusion of activated charcoal within hemodialysis membranes offers potentially improved plasma clearance of creatinine and middle molecules. However, the carbon becomes saturated with continued use and beyond 1 h removal of solutes is by dialysis alone. Two independently conducted crossover studies, to assess the efficacy of sorbent membrane dialysis (SMD) in the treatment of uremia, found predialysis urea levels increased by approximately 15%, creatinine by 10-15%, and inorganic phosphate levels by 10-18% on SMD compared to conventional hemodialysis. One study also observed "middle molecule' (peak "b') levels elevated. No differences were observable in the clinical status of patients. The results suggest that the charcoal content of the SMD device is too small to effect any advantages over conventional dialysis.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1981

[Myasthenia syndrome during chloroquine treatment (author's transl)].

Myasthenic reaction with partial neuromuscular block in the electromyogram and increased antibodies against acetylcholine-receptor protein developed during chloroquine administration over two months in a 52-year-old man known for eight years ot have rheumatoid arthritis. When the drug was discontinued and pyridostigmine administration begun, myasthenia improved within six weeks and had completely disappeared after three months. During the same period abnormal neuromuscular transmission regressed. Also, the significantly increased antibodies against acetylcholine-receptor protein became normal. It remains undecided whether this was a drug-induced myasthenia gravis or only a latent myasthenia manifested by the drug.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1981

[Serum immunoglobulin concentrations in Crohn's disease. Clinical relevance and comparison with lipid-A-antibody titers (author's transl)].

The results of previously published studies on serum immunoglobulin concentrations in patients with Crohn's disease are controversial. Therefore a long term study of serum immunoglobulin concentrations comparing 31 patients with Crohn's disease was carried out. The serum IgM concentrations of patients with active disease was significantly lower than the serum IgM concentration in patients with inactive disease. 7/25 patients who were all treated with steroids had an elevated serum IgE concentrations. It could not be demonstrated that serum immunoglobulin concentrations are influenced by steroids, by bowel resection or by the activity of the disease. As no characteristic change of serum immunoglobulin concentration in patients with Crohn's disease could be found the determination of serum immunoglobulins seems to be of no clinical value. Furthermore a possible connection between serum immunoglobulin concentrations and antibody titers against the lipid A component of endotoxins was investigated: Serum IgM concentrations were significantly higher in patients with elevated lipid-A-antibody titers than in patients with normal lipid-A-antibody titers. Thus indicates a specific antibody formation to endotoxins and lipid A, respectively.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1980

[The effects of various reducing diets in adiposity (author's transl)].

The effects of three different hypocaloric diets on serum electrolytes, metabolites and enzyme activities were investigated for 3 weeks in 40 overweight patients. A 600 kcal mixed diet was as effective with regard to daily weight reduction as complete fasting or a low-energy protein diet. Only the patients of the last two groups complained of orthostatic dysregulation, nausea, headache and dryness of the skin. Neither a decrease in serum potassium, an increase in creatinine nor any other side-effects were observed in the mixed diet group. - Since the 600 kcal mixed diet can be carried out under ambulant conditions it is preferable to the other reducing diets.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Plasma-separation in myasthenia gravis: a new method of rapid plasma exchange.

A patient with myasthenic crisis was successfully treated with a new method of plasma exchange using a hollow-fiber filter connected to a standard dialysis pump. The filter allows PE to be performed at more clinical centers and probably at lower costs than current methods applying blood cell separators.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1980

Passively transferred myasthenia gravis: protection of mouse endplates by Fab fragments from human myasthenic IgG.

Using the mouse passive transfer model, the effects of purified human myasthenic immunoglobulin G and of the monovalent Fab fragment on neuromuscular junctions were investigated. Treatment with IgG markedly reduced amplitudes of miniature endplate potentials. When Fab fragments were transferred alone or with subsequent addition of IgG no neuromuscular transmission block was induced. Myasthentic IgG and Fab were specifically demonstrated at the neuromuscular junctions by immunohistochemistry. On electronmicroscopy endplate structure was normal in transfer experiments using IgG for up to 30 days. It is suggested that Fab fragments bind to acetylcholine receptors without affecting transmission and protect them from the attack of complete IgG antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Reticulosis of the skin - a heterogenic group of diseases].

In terms "reticulosis of the skin" has been used preferentially in the German dermatological literature to designate an autonomous, irreversible, atypical, systemic proliferation of elements of the reticulohistiocytic system in the skin, different from mycosis fungoides, reactive hyperplasias (pseudolymphoma), true neoplasias (reticulo sarcoma) and storage dermatosis (histiocytosis X). They provide about 1/4 of the lymphoreticular proliferations of the skin, a frequency which is comparable with that of cutaneous T-cell-lymphomas (mycosis fungoides and Sézary's syndrome). Enzymecytochemical demonstration of hydrolytic enzymes, immunological (surface-markers for B- and T-lymphocytes, quantitative determination of tissue immunoglobulins) and electron-microscopic studies in 266 patients with lymphoreticular proliferations in the skin (65 of these were "reticuloses") have lead to the following results: 1. Most of the "reticulosis of the skin" belong to the B-cell lymphomas of low grade malignancy. 2. In the skin they show a typical histomorphological feature (B-cell-pattern of infiltrate). 3. Following the Kiel Classification further differentiation into centrocytic (36%), "immunocytic" (32%), centroblastic/centrocytic (18%) and lymphocytic (14%) lymphoma can be made. 4. "Skin-reticuloses" may represent early changes of malignant lymphoma and may precede late manifestation of systemic involvement for many years.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1979

[The significance of determining antibodies to acetylcholine receptor in myasthenia gravis (author's transl)].

The sera of 65 patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) were analysed for antibodies against the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (ACh-R) using an immunoprecipitation assay (125I-alpha-bungarotoxin bound to human ACh-R as antigen). In 91% of MG sera elevated antibody titers were found ranging up to 500 times reference values. A control group of 77 patients showing various autoimmunological phenomena had ACh-R antibody concentrations within the reference range. The demonstration of antibodies against ACh-R provides a sensitive and highly specific tool for the diagnosis of MG. In addition, the test is helpful in following patients under treatment with immunosuppressive drugs or plasmapheresis. Antibodies against striated, smooth, or heart muscle (indirect immunofluorescence test) are much less sensitive and nonspecific for the diagnosis of MG.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1979

Effects of obesity, total fasting and re-alimentation on L-thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3'-L-triiodothyronine (T3), 3,3',5'-L-triiodothyronine (rT3), thyroxine binding globulin (TBG), cortisol, thyrotrophin, cortisol binding globulin (CBG), transferrin, alpha 2-haptoglobin and complement C'3 in serum.

UNLABELLED: The effects of total fasting for 31 +/- 10 days followed by re-alimentation with an 800 calorie diet on thyroid function, i.e. T4,T3,rT3,RT3U (resin T3 uptake), and TSH, and on TBG levels in serum were studied sequentially in obese hospitalized patients (N=18). Additionally, cortisol, growth hormone, prolactin, parathyrin and free fatty acids were followed as hormonal and metabolic parameters, respectively. Further, CBG, transferrin, alpha 2-haptoglobin and complement C'3 were measured as representatives of other serum proteins. Results before fasting: T4, T3, TBG, cortisol, CBG, alpha 2-haptoglobin and complement C'3 of the obese patients were elevated when compared with healthy normal weight controls, whereas rT3, T4/TBG ratio, T3/TBG ratio, TSH, coritsol/cbg ratio, growth hormone, prolactin, parathyrin and transferrin of the obese group were normal. RT3U and fT4 index were decreased in the obese patients. Results during fasting: Significant decreases were observed during fasting for the following parameters -- T3, TBG, T3/TBG ratio, transferrin, alpha 2-haptoglobin complement C'3. rT3, T4/TBG ratio, RT3U, fT4 index and FFA increased. T4, tsh response to TRH stimulation, cortisol, CBG, cortisol/cbg ratio, parathyrin, growth hormone and prolactin did not change. Results during re-alimentation: T3, TBG, T3/TBG ratio, TSH response to TRH, transferrin, alpha 2-haptoglobin and complement C'3 increased. Conversely, fT3, RT3U, FFA, cortisol and cortisol/cbg ratio decreased whereas the other parameters did not change. CONCLUSIONS: 1) There is no evidence for primary hypothyroidism in obese patients during prolonged fasting and re-alimentation. 2) The rapid decrease of T3 and increase of RT3U after initiation of fasting are not fully explained by the observed slower decreases in TBG. 3) The alterations of T3, rT3 and RT3U resemble in their kinetics the changes in FFA levels. 4) Fasting reduced the levels of only certain serum proteins, interestingly TBG, transferrin, alpha 2-haptoglobin and complement C'3, all of which, except transferrin, are elevated in obesity. 5) The magnitude of the observed decreases does not suggest any clinically relevant deficiencies in serum proteins. 6) Re-alimentation reverses rapidly all observed changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Radioimmunoassay of beta2-microglobulin in monoclonal gammopathies (author's transl)].

Serum concentration of beta2m were measured by radioimmunoassay in 78 healthy subjects and 80 patients with monoclonal gammopathies. The beta2m levels of normal sera were normally distributed with a mean concentration of 1610 microgram/l. 77% of values were between 1200 and 2000 microgram/l. The serum beta2m levels of patients with monoclonal gammopathies were significantly higher than those of the healthy subjects, but there was no significant difference when comparing the Ig class or the light-chain type. Urinary beta2m excretion of patients with monoclonal gammopathies (3--5400 microgram/l) were slightly higher than normal (15--113 microgram/l). Serum beta2m levels did not correlate with the serum levels of monoclonal immunoglobulins. This supports the hypothesis of the mutual independence of beta2m and Ig production.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[The significance of beta2-microglobulin and carcinoembryonic antigen in the diagnosis of the carcinoma of the pancreas (author's transl)].

The concentration of beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was measured radioimmunologically in the sera of 79 patients with malignant disorders and 15 patients with chronic pancreatitis. Elevated levels of beta2m and CEA were found in 11 out of 22 patients with carcinoma of the pancreas, which sets off this malignancy from chronic pancreatitis and other malignant tumors. Only 3 patients with carcinoma of the pancreas exhibited serum levels within the normal range for both parameters and none of the patients with chronic pancreatitis was shown to have elevated levels of beta2m. The simultaneous determination of beta2m and CEA suggests itself for the diagnosis of pancreatic malignancy especially in the case of a tentative diagnosis of a pancreatic tumor.

Beta-Globulins↗
PubMed1978

In vitro stimulation with mitogen and antigen in patients with monoclonal gammopathy.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 32 patients with defined paraproteinaemia (16 IgG, 9 IgA and 7 IgM) and from 15 healthy donors were studied for their in vitro response to various stimuli, including for unspecific mitogens such as Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), Pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Concanavalin A (ConA) as well as specific antigens such as purified Tuberculin, Candida, Varidase, Tetanus Toxoid, Vaccinia antigen and Vaccinia-control antigen. Mitogens and antigens were lyophilized in Microtiter plates. The lymphocytes of all tested patient-groups responded (measured by H3-Thymidin-uptake) significantly lower towards the unspecific mitogens than those of the control group. If the patients' lymphocytes were stimulated by the specific antigens, their in vitro response was significantly diminished to candida and vaccinia. Macroglobulinaemia showed significantly lower response to ConA if compared to myelomas of IgG- and IgA-type. No correlation was found between mitogen and antigen response and the serum concentration of the paraproteins or immunoglobulins. The results show that monoclonal gammopathy and especially macroglobulinaemia are associated with abnormalities of the cellular immunity which correlates with the clinical observation of increased fungal and viral infections.

Adult↗