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Biomedical subjects

A Fateh-Moghadam

Publications and source records attributed to A Fateh-Moghadam.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Immunocytoma simulating chronic acrodermatitis atrophicans].

A 76 year old female developed an acrodermatitis-chronica-atrophicans-(ACA)-like lesion on her foot. Histological examination and quantitative determination of immunoglobulins in homogenates from the skin lesion revealed an immunocytoma of the IgM type. Malignant lymphoma originating in ACA lesions or concomitting ACA are well known. The case described here indicates that primary malignant lymphoma of the skin clinically can simulate ACA and creates diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic problems.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1977

[Effect of total fasting on serum protein concentrations (author's transl)].

During a period of total fasting restricted to three weeks, haptoglobin, transferrin and beta1A-globin showed a marked, continuous decline. The complement was finally distinctly below the reference range. Macroglobulins and coeruloplasmin rised until the tenth day and decreased thereafter. IgG globulin remained essentially unchanged while immunoglobulins gammaA and gammaM showed an increase. On account of the considerable fluctuations observed in the protein fractions fasting in this form at least beyond a period of 21 days does not seem justified.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1976

[Diagnosis of paraproteinemic hemoblastoses].

The finding of monoclonal immunoglobulins is highly significant in the diagnosis of myeloma or macroglobulinemia Waldenström. The appearance of a homogeneous peak in serum- and/or urine electrophoresis is an important sign. However, the final diagnosis and the type of immunoglobulin involved can only be established by immunoelectrophoresis. Further important markers are: a tumorous or diffuse "lymphoplasmoid" infiltration of the bone marrow or of other organs, typical skeletal lesions and typical haematological findings in the clinical course of the patient. The diagnosis of myeloma or Waldenströms disease can be set up without doubt if two of the four markers mentioned above are present.

Bence Jones Protein↗
PubMed1976

[Significance of serum alpha-fetoprotein determination. Experiences with our own radioimmunoassay].

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was determined by a new radioimmunoassay in the sera of patients with different liver diseases. Compared to a normal group (n = 140, AFP levels below 15 ng/ml), most elevated AFP concentrations were found in 18 patients with primary liver cancer (PLC), 7 of whom showed Ouchterlony-positive levels (above 10,000 ng/ml). In 3 cases with liver cirrhosis, PLC was first suggested by high AFP levels between 1000 and 3600 ng/ml and later confirmed by histology. On the other hand, only 6 from 15 patients with other primary tumors and liver metastasis had AFP concentrations between 20 and 111 ng/ml. In 90% of 102 patients with liver cirrhosis AFP levels below 20 ng/ml were determined, while 13 cases showed elevated values up to 134 ng/ml. A transitory AFP increase between 20 and 238 ng/ml was seen in 32% of 63 cases in the early stage of acute hepatitis but 65% of 31 these cases in follow-up studies. 3 of 7 cases of chronic hepatitis gave similar results. The maximal AFP levels developed following the maximal transaminase activities by 5-18 days and coincided with a decrease of cholinesterase activity. The radioimmunological determination of AFP is recommended for earlier detection of the development of PLC in liver cirrhosis patients.

Female↗
PubMed1976

[Immunglobulins G, A, M, and E in lymphogranulomatosis (author's transl)].

IgG, IgA and IgM were determined in 68, and IgE in 30 patients with Hodgkin's disease. Their relation to the dissemination stage, histological type, clinical stage and peripheral lymphocytes as well as the correlation of IgE to the peripheral eosinophils was investigated. In the untreated collective all Ig concentrations were above normal, but in the treated patients only IgG and IgE. With increasing dissemination, there was a decline of IgG, IgA and IgM in both groups which, however, was only significant for IgM. IgM was lowered in the lymphocytopenic type, raised in nodular sclerosis. There is a confirmed correlation between the absolute peripheral lymphocytes and IgM and between the peripheral eosinophils and IgE. IgE and IgA are slightly and IgM significantly lowered in the treated compared with the untreated patients. The findings suggest a disturbance of the humoral immunity in stage IV, in the lymphocytopenic type and in the treated patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Multiple myeloma with monoclonal IgE gammopathy (author's transl)].

In a 48-year-old female patient with monoclonal gammopathy and histologically proven plasmocytoma IgE could be demonstrated in bone marrow plasma cells by means of direct immunofluorescence. Immunoelectrophoresis showed a light-chain type chi. Radiographically diffuse osteolytic skeletal lesions were found. Bence-Jones proteinuria and plasma cell leukaemia were absent. This patient represents the fourth recognized case of IgE myeloma. The chi/lambda ratio in IgE myeloma is 1:1 according to present knowledge.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1975

[Carcinofetal antigens. III. Further carcinofetal antigens (author's transl)].

The occurrance and significance of important carcinofetal antigens other than AFP and CEA are reported. These included the alpha 2 H-protein which is produced in the liver and increases in serum of patients with various tumors, the fetal sulphoglycoprotein antigen FSA from the gastric juice of patients with gastric cancer, the carcinoplacental alkaline phosphatase (REGAN-isoenzyme)which is found in the serum of patients suffering from e.g. bronchogenic, mammary, urogenital and gastrointestinal carcinomas, the beta-S-fetoprotein which is most likely to be identical with C-reactive protein, gamma-fetoprotein, the carcinofetal antigen in glial tumors (CFGA); ectopic production of placental hormones like human gonadotropin, placental lactogen, plasminogen-activators; leukemia-associated antigens. Furthermore, some other less known carcinofetal antigens are mentioned.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Carcinofetal antigens. II. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). (author's transl)].

CEA is a beta1-glycoprotein (mol. w. approx. 200 000) which in embryonic life is usually found as a cell membrane associated antigen in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and pancreas. Furthermore, it is secreted into body fluids. In healthy adults a very low serum concentration may be found. The clinical significance of CEA lies in its increased formation in primary and secondary adenocarcinomas of colon and rectum and pancreatic carcinoma, where values of 20 ng/ml and more are observed. However, other gastrointestinal (e.g. oesophagus, stomach, gall-bladder) and extragastrointestinal tumors (e.g. lung, breast, urogenital, prostatic, ovarial carcinomas) as well as non-malignant diseases mainly of the GI tract (e.g. hepatitis, cirrhosis, pancreatitis, colitis, diverticulitis) may provoke less frequent and lower increases in the CEA level. Healthy smokers also tend to show a slight increase in CEA concentration. A certain relationship exists between the CEA level and the size and extent of the tumor so that a decrease following operation may account for complete tumor removal, whereas a persistent or recurring increase in the CEA level is highly suspicious of metastases and/or recurrent tumor. Difficulties in proving and purifying CEA are mainly caused by multiple cross-reactions of CEA with other substances, e.g. blood group substances (A, B, Lea, Leb) and normal or other antigens (NGP, NCA, CEX, CCEA 2, NCA 2, CCA-III, FSA, BCGP). The radioimmunoassay is the most suitable method to determine CEA levels in body fluids. The 3 procedures used differ in the precipitation of the specific immune complex by ammonium sulphate (AS), Z-gel (ZG) or a second antibody (SA). Depending on the method, the upper normal limit in serum or plasma corresponds to approximately 2.5 (AS, ZG) or 12.5 (SA) nanogramme/milliliter. CEA determination in the urine is of interest in patients suffering from bladder carcinoma.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1975

[Carcinofetal antigens. I. alpha-fetoprotein (author's transl)].

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is an alpha1-glycoprotein (M.W. about 65000) appearing in the fetal serum of most mammals including man during the early stages of pregnancy; 4 weeks after birth it disappears altogether or exists at very low concentrations as in the normal adult. AFP is formed in the yolk sac, the fetal liver and the gastro-intestinal tract. One of its physiological functions in fetal life is supposed to be the protection of the fetus from maternal oestrogens (oestrophilic property). The clinical significance of AFP is based on the regular and increasing production in primary liver cell carcinoma, less frequently in teratogenetic tumors where it serves as a control of therapy and course of the disease. Less frequent, minor and temporary increases in the AFP serum level occur in several primary tumors with secondary liver involvement, and in inflammatory gastro-intestinal diseases, e.g. of the liver (hepatitis, cirrhosis). AFP has an increasing importance in gynecology (gestational age, fetal distress syndrom, malformations, hydatidiform mole/chorion carcinoma). The physico-chemical properties of AFP are widely known. Both fetal and tumor AFP appear to be immunologically and biochemically identical, as are that of tissue and biological fluids. The differences observed (variants, microheterogeneity) depend mainly on the different content of sialic acid. An antigenetic relationship exists, between the AFP of most species. The immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony) is the most frequently used but relatively insensitive test (1-5 mug/ml) in finding AFP, whereas the radioimmunoassay is the most sensitive one (up to 0,25 ng/ml) and permits the determination of normal serum levels in adults (below 20 ng/ml). The serum concentration in healthy pregnant women lies up to 500 ng/ml, in patients with hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and other liver diseases mostly under 3 mug/ml, whereas in those with primary liver cell carcinoma levels up to and above 600 mg-percent have been found.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

[Haematological and immunological findings in bone marrow aplasia (author's transl)].

The cellularity of the bone marrow, the number of blood cells and the immunoglobulins were investigated in 51 patients suffering from bone marrow aplasia. In this disease not only is a haematopoietic organ disturbed, but disorders of the lymphocyte and of the monocyte-systems can be detected too: the majority of patients show lymphocytopenia and monocytopenia. Immunologic reactions seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of bone marrow aplasia. The plasma cells of the bone marrow are elevated in nearly all of the patients, lymphocytes in every second case. One or several fractions of immunoglobulins are increased in about 50% and diminished in 25% of the patients.

Adolescent↗