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Biomedical subjects

A Faundes

Publications and source records attributed to A Faundes.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Daily serum choriogonadotropin concentrations in early human gestation.

Fifteen regularly menstruating, healthy women were studied from day 10 of the menstrual cycle to either confirmation of pregnancy or spontaneous menses. Daily blood samples were obtained and serum luteinizing hormone (LH), human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG), 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone were determined by means of specific radioimmunoassay (RIA). Two of the women experienced spontaneous conception with a rise in hCG on 12 and 13 days after LH peak.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Levonorgestrel plasma levels during continuous administration with different models of subdermal implants.

Plasma concentrations of levonorgestrel were determined in women using subdermal levonorgestrel implants. One group had 6 Silastic capsules (NORPLANT), one group had 4 and one group had 6 covered Silastic rods for variable lengths of time. Levonorgestrel concentrations remained constant around 0.4 ng/ml up until 6 years of use in the Norplant group. The observation period was shorter for the covered rods; plasma concentrations were, however, constant around 0.55 ng/ml and 0.70 ng/ml for 3.5 years with the 4 rods and 6 covered rods, respectively. The difference in mean levonorgestrel concentrations between the three groups were statistically significant (p less than 0.0005). Plasma levels of levonorgestrel were twice to three times higher in blood obtained from the arm with the implants compared to the levels found in the other arm. The application of a tourniquet for variable periods before blood sampling did not influence the plasma concentrations of levonorgestrel.

Blood Specimen Collection↗
PubMed1983

Obstetric and gynecological care for Third World women.

The particular characteristics required for women's health care in the Third World are compared with these in developed countries. Women of the Third World present a different prevalence of specific diseases and give less attention to symptoms and to preventive measures. The health system is usually not well adapted to respond to these problems. Examples of the differences between the needs of health care of Third World women and those of developed countries are taken from certain aspects of pre-natal care, from the prevention of cancer of the cervix and from family planning. A critical analysis of the prevalent characteristics of women's care in the Third World was undertaken. As a result some basic points to be considered in the implementation of women's health care for the Third World were proposed: (1) avoid the uncritical simple replication of developed country's models; (2) application of a larger proportion of the resources to primary health care; (3) a more aggressive attitude to improve preventive measures; (4) efforts to maintain a continuous and non-sporadic contact between the health system and the target population: (5) greater attention to reference and contra-reference to improve the integration of the various levels of the health system; (6) delegation of functions from physicians to paramedical personnel; (7) emphasis on health education, both formal and in the day-to-day contact between health agents and target population.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed1982

The effect of levonorgestrel and estrone rods on male reproductive function.

The effect on spermatogenesis of the implantation of six rods containing levonorgestrel and three estrone rods was studied in seven volunteers aged 32-40, with normal pre-treatment spermiogram. None of the subjects achieved azoospermia. The lowest sperm count was below 1 million/ml in three subjects and below 12 million/ml in the other four. Plasma FSH and testosterone were severely depressed during the study, but LH was only transiently depressed for the first two months. Four subjects recovered pre-treatment sperm counts in spite of the FSH levels below 1.5 mIU/ml and testosterone levels below 1 ng/ml, which is contradictory to the current concept on hormonal regulation of spermatogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Comparative prolactin profiles in IUD users and non-IUD users.

Starting from the 10th day of the menstrual cycle through onset of the subsequent menstrual bleeding, daily blood samples were collected from 14 women using Copper T IUDs and 10 normal control women. The serum samples were analysed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) for human prolactin (hPRL) and human luteinizing hormone (hLH). hPRL values were subjected to statistics. Episodic patterns of hPRL were observed for all subjects. IUD users show generally lower daily levels of hPRL than non-IUD users, but the apparent differences were statistically insignificant.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Association of marital status and years of schooling with perinatal outcome: the influence of pre-natal care as an intermediate variable.

The association between mother's education and perinatal mortality, and between marital status and proportion of preterm deliveries was analyzed using data from 20,000 women and newborns delivered at the Hospital Barros Luco-Trudeau in Santiago, Chile. A highly significant correlation was found, but after being controlled by pre-natal care, that association disappeared for those mothers with good pre-natal care, remaining only as a part of the association for women who did not attend the pre-natal clinics or did not follow minimal standards of care. The definition used for "good pre-natal care" was much less demanding than WHO recommendation. We required a minimum of only 5 visits, starting before the 5th month of the pregnancy and with blood pressure and body weight registered at each visit. Pre-natal assistance was provided mostly by registered midwives, with occasional consultation by physicians. The efficiency of a low cost health activity, such as pre-natal care, in improving infant health is held in contrast with the inefficiency of high cost technology when applied to developing countries' health problems.

Chile↗
PubMed1981

A multicenter study of levonorgestrel-estradiol contraceptive vaginal rings. II-Subjective and objective measures of effects. An international comparative trial.

Comparative clinical trials of 2 sizes of contraceptive vaginal rings and of an oral contraceptive were undertaken at 8 investigational sites (9 clinics). More than 500 women enrolled on each of the 3 study regimens. Side effects of the rings and of Nordette, the oral contraceptive, were evaluated by noting spontaneous complaints, by recording medications taken and by physical examination. Inquiries about changes in the frequency of specific conditions were made at the end of the subjects participation in the first year of the study. The incidence of spontaneous complaints was similar among users of the 2 different-sized rings and of the pill.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A multicenter study of levonorgestrel-estradiol contraceptive vaginal rings. III-Menstrual patterns. An international comparative trial.

Menstrual events among users of contraceptive vaginal rings (CVRs), releasing levonorgestrel and estradiol, were studied in comparison with a combined oral contraceptive, Nordette, in multicentered trials. CVRs were made with outside diameters of 50 and 58 mm and released about 250 micrograms and 290 microgram of levonorgestrel and 150 microgram and 180 microgram of estradiol per day, respectively. The CVRs were used continuously for 3 weeks and then removed for 1 week. Both the CVRs and Nordette were perceived to reduce menstrual flow and days of menstrual bleeding. Twenty to 25% of CVR users perceived increased intermenstrual bleeding or spotting. Diaries indicate, however, that on average, CVR users experienced about 1 day per month of bleeding or spotting with the ring in place. CVRs and Nordette produced approximately the same total number of bleeding and spotting days during 6 cycles of use, 27-29, but the small (50-mm OD) ring was associated with somewhat more spotting. This ring was also associated with somewhat more prolonged bleeding and spotting runs and with more prolonged nonbleeding intervals than reported by users of the larger (58-mm OD) ring or of Nordette. Differences among regimens, however, tended to be small even when statistically significant. Evidence from menstrual diaries indicates that these CVRs, and in particular 58-mm ring, provide control over the menstrual cycle comparable to the Nordette.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Acceptability of the contraceptive vaginal ring by rural and urban population in two Latin American countries.

A study of the field acceptability of the Contraceptive Vaginal Ring (CVR) was carried out in rural, small town and urban slum clinics in four locations, two in Brazil and two in the Dominican Republic (D.R.) The CVR was offered as a new method in the clinics and described as similar to the pill but placed in the vagina for three weeks each month with a one-week rest interval. Follow-up surveys were carried out in the four locations at the end of the experimental period. Three, eight, nine and 12.5% of the total acceptors in each of the 4 locations chose the CVR. The acceptance rate fell after the first five months but recovered during the second year. The acceptance rate was much higher in three rual clinics where the nurses themselves used the ring. The follow-up surveys showed that the fact that the ring is placed and kept in the vagina without removal for a prolonged period was the most important attribute of the method and played a large role in women's reactions to it. Anticipated use-related problems were the most prominent reason given by pill users for not choosing the ring, however ease of use was named as the "most killed" characteristic by 55% of ring users. Women tended to remove the ring for intercours and washed it frequently, often with detergents, thus illustrating their concern with "cleanliness" of an object kept within a body cavity for long periods of time.

Brazil↗
PubMed1981

Lipoprotein patterns in women in Santo Domingo using a levonorgestrel/estradiol contraceptive ring.

Ten healthy, normally menstruating women attending a family planning clinic in Santo Domingo Participated in a study to determine the effects on plasma lipid levels of levonorgestrel and estradiol released from a contraceptive ring. A schedule of 21 days of use followed by 7 days of non-use was followed for 6 cycles. During the first two cycles of use, concentrations of cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol declined significantly from control levels, up to 25% for cholesterol, 28% for HDL cholesterol, 45% for friglycerides and 24% for LDL cholesterol. There were no subsequent changes with continued use. These declines are similar in direction but of lesser magnitude than those reported from clinics in other countries where pretreatment plasma levels of the same lipids are considerably higher. There was no significant change in the total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio during treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Pituitary-ovarian function after tubal ligation.

Pituitary-ovarian function was evaluated by measurement of daily serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), 17 beta-estradiol, and progesterone in women with a previous history of tubal ligation. Normally menstruating women served as controls. The duration of the proliferative and luteal phase was similar for both groups. The midluteal progesterone level averages did not differ between the two groups. Preovulatory LH and 17 beta-estradiol peaks were significantly lower in the tubal ligation group; average midluteal LH and 17 beta-estradiol levels were also lower. These results reveal that pituitary-ovarian function can be altered following surgical sterilization.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The menstrual cycle in women using an intrauterine device.

The duration and hormonal characteristics of the menstrual cycles of women using Copper T intrauterine devices (IUDs) were studied. Daily load samples were obtained during both the pre- and postovulatory phases of 30 IUD-associated cycles and the hormone values were compared with those of 15 normally menstruating women not using contraception. The ovulation rate and peak levels of 17 beta-estradiol and luteinizing hormone (LH) were not significantly different between the two groups. The average number of days from the 1st day of menstrual bleeding to the LH peak (the proliferative phase) was longer in the IUD users. The number of days from the LH peak to the onset of menstrual bleeding (the luteal phase) was shorter in the IUD users. Because of the compensating nature of these statistically significant differences, the total cycle length appeared to be unchanged. At the time of menstruation, the plasma levels of both progesterone and 17 beta-estradiol were significantly higher among IUD users. It is concluded that the presence of an IUD does not influence ovarian function, but that ovarian steroid production and endometrial events become asynchronous.

Adolescent↗