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Biomedical subjects

A Flach

Publications and source records attributed to A Flach.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Mediastinal complications following retropleural operation for oesophageal atresias (author's transl)].

Serious acute complications can occur in relation to anastomotic insufficiency or re-opening of the fistula in patients with tracheo-oesophageal fistula and atresia, even if the repair has been carried out extra-pleurally. For this reason the patient should not be nursed flat and the important life-threatening signs to watch for are increasing tachypnoea and dyspnoea with respiratory acidosis and a central air shadow in the mediastinum.

Esophageal Atresia↗
PubMed1980

[The postoperative course following antireflux operations for vesico ureteral reflux (author's transl)].

The authors report 779 ureters related to vesico-ureteric reflux. 602 were treated by the method of Politano-Leadbetter and 177 by the method of Grégoir. Follow-up observations in these patients showed lesions requiring further surgery in relation to bleeding, stone-formation in the urinary tract and lesions of the bladder wall. The question of postoperative urinary obstruction and recurrent reflux was stressed and the problems related to the indication for surgery for vesico-ureteric reflux in infancy are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1979

The fluorescein appearance test for lacrimal obstruction.

The fluorescein appearance test has been developed for the evaluation of the patency of the lacrimal excretory system. This objective test is simple, painless, physiologic, and reliable. The only materials required are 2% fluorescein, ultraviolet light, and a tongue blade. A 2% fluorescein solution is instilled in the conjunctival cul-de-sac after which the posterior oropharynx and nostrilis are examined with ultraviolet light. Over 90% of 92 eyes from 66 normal subjects gave positive results within 30 minutes and 100% gave positive results within 60 minutes. Slow appearance times can be anticipated because there appears to be a correlation between Schirmer test values and the time required for a positive fluorescein appearance test. The test proved clinically useful in evaluating patients with epiphora and in making the diagnosis of several cases of lacrimal obstruction verified by nuclear dacryocystography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Special aspects of retroperitoneal trauma in children (author's transl)].

During childhood, the retroperitoneal trauma resulting from birth has some specific aspects. Besides the rupture of the parenchymatous organs, in particular bleeding of the suprarenal glands occurs. The indication for surgical intervention must be based on the general condition of the child. Substitution of hypoprothrombinemia will be necesary in most cases. Intramural duodenal hematoma and rupture of the ureter in the immediate vicinity of the pelvoureteral connection, are observed especially in childhood. Retropneumooperitoneum following the increasingly popular method of intermittent respiration by above atmospheric pressure respiration of the newborn is now more frequently observed, as is necrosis of the wall of the bladder by instillation of medication and catheters in the arteries of the navel.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1978

Symblepharon in sarcoidosis.

A 38-year-old black man had developed sarcoidosis, confirmed by biopsy five years earlier. He then developed skin lesions and, at age 38, follicles and cicatrization of the upper and lower palpebral conjunctivae of both eyes. This patient had keratoconjunctivitis sicca, lacrimal gland enlargement, and cicatrization of the conjunctiva with symblepharon. Biopsies of the lacrimal gland, conjunctiva, skin, nasal polyps, and epididymis all showed sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Morphological and functional adaptation after massive resection of the small intestine: experiments using minipigs of the Göttingen strain.

In order to examine the adaptation processes in young, growing animals, massive resections of the small intestine were carried out in 3-week-old minipigs. The length of the remaining terminal intestine was 65 cm, corresponding to a resection of 85%. Proximal and distal resections of the small intestine were carried out. In some animals simultaneous resection of the ileocecal valve was performed. In some of the animals a reversed intestinal segment of 8 cm in length was interposed in the intestinal tract. The adaptation processes were checked at different times by morphological and functional examinations. It was observed that in animals with proximal intestinal resection and in animals with reversed intestinal segment, the postoperative progress was much more favorable than in animals with distal intestinal resection and animals without a reversed segment. It was further demonstrated that an early oral calorie supply is an important factor in the intestinal adaptation process. Contrary to views previously expressed, calories should be given early by mouth in order to stimulate the intestinal enzymes. After massive intestinal resection, the interposition of a reversed segment should also be considered in children if difficulties are expected with the oral supply of calories caused by a too-short terminal gut or if attempts at oral feeding have failed.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1977

[Spermatogonia counts in descended and undescended prebuberal testes (author's transl)].

The following conclusions which show the importance of time of medical treatment resulted from the examination of 288 testicular biopsies (including 46 controls) by statistical analysis in correlation to age. 1. There is no difference in the number of spermatogonia per tubule cross section of descended and undescended testes in children from birth to 2 years of age. 2. The number of spermtogonia in descended testes is not different in children from birth to 2 years in comparison to children aged 2-6 years. 3. A statistically significant decrease of spermatogonia takes place in the undescended testes of children from 2-6 years in comparison to children from birth to 2 years. 4. The difference in the number of spermatogonia of descended and undescended testes increases in children above the age of 2. It must be concluded from this study that the pathological alterations of the germinative epithelium increase in children beyond the age of 2. Assuming that pathological alterations of the germinative epithelium are caused by the dystopy of the testes, medical treatment should be carried out before the child is more than 2 years old.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Fluorescein oropharyngoscopy.

To evaluate patency of the lacrimal system, fluorescein was instilled in the conjunctival cul-de-sac and the posterior oropharynx was examined with ultraviolet light. In 20 normal patients fluorescein was evident in one to 30 minutes. In cases of complete nasolacrimal duct blockage no fluorescein appeared after two hours.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Histochemical studies on innervation of the distal ureter in primary vesico-ureteral reflux in children (author's transl)].

The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the distribution-pattern of the intramural vegetative nerve fibres in cases of vesico-ureteral reflux. Resected specimens of the vesico-ureteral junction of 14 children with primary vesico-ureteral reflux are investigated using histochemical technics for demonstrating acetylcholinesterase (El Badawi and Schenk, 1967). Additionally the catecholamines (Falck et al. 1962) were demonstrated in two of the cases. The results are compared with findings in normal ureters in literature. There was no evidence of a pathological pattern of distribution of the nerve fibres.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1975

[Problems of extensive resection of small intestine in newborn infants and infants].

Massive resection of the small intestine in neonates and infants is mostly necessitated as a result of atresias, stenosis or circulatory disorders. At this period of life, the term "sub-total resection of the small intestine" is not applied in a standard way. Most authors use it when the residual small intestine is 75 cm or less in lenght. The survival prospects after sub-total resection of the small intestine are determined not only by the absolute length of the remaining small intestine; it is important which part can be preserved. Distal resections lead to a particularly serious malabsorption syndrome. In ileal resections, lipid absorption is disturbed owing to the lack of absorption of bile acids. A chologenous diarrhea results. The absorption functions (which are largely eliminated directly after the operation) recover in a regular pattern. The more orally localized functions (carbohydrate) recover more quickly than the more distally localized (lipid absorption). Surgical measures to slow the passage of intestinal contents have been applied with varying success in animal experiments. Clinical experience is largely lacking (only five cases). Various mechanisms for compensation after extensive resection of the small intestine in neonates (increase in length of the intestine, mucosal hypertrophy or greater cell density) are being discussed. These are only occasionally observed and the factors on which they depend are mostly obscure.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

[Subtotal resection of the small intestine in newborn infants and infants. Results of an inquiry].

A circular was sent to eight clinics and 36 cases of children with extensive resections of the small intestine are reported. The reasons for the resections of the intestine were atresia and stenosis in the largest number of cases, then volvulus and lastly necrotizing enteritis. The residual intestine was measured with the measuring tape in only eight cases. The method of measurement in the other cases was not given. Surgery was unilateral in 26 cases and bilateral in ten. Surgical measures to slow passage were not used. The most frequent single causes of death were sepsis or pulmonary complications. The cause of death was a true malabsorption in only two cases. The main difficulties in the postoperative phase are ensuring adequate parenteral uptake of calories and the complications due to cava-catheter sepsis.

Age Factors↗