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Biomedical subjects

A Fujino

Publications and source records attributed to A Fujino.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging of cholesteatoma].

It is sometimes difficult to differentiate a cholesteatoma from an accompanying cholesterol granuloma, mucosa, fluid and, especially, granulation tissue. This study was designed to assess the reliability with which cholesteatoma can be differentiated from such accompanying lesions by Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging. Twenty-one patients with cholesteatoma were studied with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The cholesteatoma had intermediate to high signal intensities similar to those of granulation tissue, on both T1- and T2-weighted images. On Gd-enhanced images, however, there was marked enhancement of all granulation tissues while the cholesteatoma showed no such enhancement. Gd-DTPA-enhanced images distinguished cholesteatoma from granulation tissues and permitted determination of the exact extent of the cholesteatoma. Cholesterol granulomas showed high signal intensities on both T1- and T2-weighted images. Cholesterol granuloma can, therefore, be distinguished from cholesteatoma and granulation tissues on both T1- and T2-weighted images. Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging is a valuable tool in the evaluation and management of cholesteatoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Neuro-otological study on Behçet disease].

It seems acceptable that pathological brain stem lesions exist in the patient with Neuro-Behçet disease (NB). However, only few reports have been published in this field. We report the neuro-otological findings in 33 patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of Behçet disease completely or incompletely. The patients were classified into 2 groups: one is group of NB and the other is a group of Behçet disease without NB (non-NB). Furthermore, the latter was divided into 2 subgroups of patients with dysequilibrium and patients with normal equilibrium. They underwent equilibrium function tests, such as body balance test, gaze test, spontaneous and positional nystagmus test, eye tracking test (ETT) and optokinetic pattern test (OKP) by using electro-nystagmography (ENG). The following results were obtained. 1. Cerebellar and brain stem lesions were confirmed in all cases of NB group. 2. Most cases (6 of 8 cases) in the subgroup of dysequilibrium of the non-NB group showed peripheral vestibular disturbance. The other two patients were diagnosed to be vertebro-basilar insufficiency (VBI) and vascular Behçet disease with CNS disorder, respectively. 3. Nine of 13 patients in the normal equilibrium subgroup of the non-NB group were diagnosed to be neuro-otologically normal. However, we found two patients with peripheral vestibular disturbance and CNS disorder associated with hearing disturbance of the retrocochlear origin, respectively. 4. The neuro-otological examination is assumed to be useful to diagnose neuro-Behçet disease, to reveal the lesion site and the state of dysequilibrium in patients with Behçet disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Discrepancy between the serum levels of gamma seminoprotein and prostate-specific antigen in patients with prostatic neoplasms. Both true or either untrue].

Serum levels of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were determined simultaneously in 57 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and in 50 untreated patients with prostatic cancer (adenocarcinoma, N = 47 and non-adenocarcinoma, N = 3). The correlations between the serum levels of gamma-Sm and PSA in these patients were assessed by linear regression analysis. Some fundamental studies were added for explaining the causes of discrepancy between the serum levels of gamma-Sm and PSA. All of BPH group underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and the sera were obtained for measurements before, immediately after and 18 hours after TURP. The gamma-Sm correlated well with the PSA in the sera obtained before (r = 0.76) and 18 hours after (r = 0.73) TURP. However, there was no correlation (r = 0.26) between them in the sera obtained immediately after TURP. In 47 untreated patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate, no significant correlation (r = 0.19) between serum levels of gamma-Sm and PSA was observed, although there was correlation (r = 0.51) between those of PAP and PSA. When these patients were classified into two groups, M0 (stage A-C; N = 26) and M1 (stage D; N = 21), however, the serum gamma-Sm correlated with the serum PSA in M0 group (r = 0.57), but didn't in M1 group (r = 0.11). Furthermore, the differences in the means of PAP (p less than 0.05) and PSA (p less than 0.001) between M0 group and M1 group were statistically significant, although the serum gamma-Sm failed to distinguish M0 from M1. The anti-PSA antibody of "PSA Kit" reacted against the standard gamma-Sm adopted from "gamma-Sm Kit". Surprisingly, the anti-gamma-Sm antibody of "gamma-Sm Kit" also reacted against the standard PSA adopted from "PSA Kit". The gamma-Sm and PSA apparently cross-reacted each other. The quantitative analyses with serial dilution of the sera were done by using each assay in 3 patients whose serum levels of gamma-Sm were markedly different from those of PSA. The dilution curve for PAP appeared to be rectilineal, and that for PSA also appeared to be approximately rectilineal. However, the gamma-Sm assay failed to be proportional. In conclusion, the correlation between serum levels of gamma-Sm and PSA was absent in certain circumstances, when the true values of them were expected to be much higher than those determined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

[A clinical evaluation of AMS Hydroflex in the treatment of impotence].

The AMS Hydroflex penile prosthesis was implanted in 34 organic impotence patients between June 20, 1986 and Aug. 6, 1990. Patients ages ranged between 26 and 71 with an average of 50.5. The causes of impotences were; 17 cases of post-radical pelvic surgery, 7 cases of injury, 6 cases of diabetes and 4 of others. First evaluation was made after 12 weeks of implantation in terms of patient satisfaction with sexual intercourse and post operative complication. Sixteen patients (47.1%) were highly satisfied with intercourse, 13 (38.2%) satisfied with intercourse, 2 (5.9%) slightly dissatisfied even with successful intercourse, 1 (2.9%) with no improvement and 2 (5.9%) could not follow. Utility of the prosthesis, e.g. effectiveness and safety was; high utility in 20 (58.8%), good utility in 11 (32.4%), slight utility in 1 (2.9%), no favorable in 1 (2.9%) and no judgement in 1 (2.9%). The overall effectiveness and safety of the Hydroflex was demonstrated based on the above findings. Long term evaluation was made from the initial implantation of the device up to the termination of the trial with average of 19.2 months and was mentioned altogether.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Serum Lp(a) lipoprotein concentrations of Japanese patients with coronary heart disease.

The serum Lp(a) lipoprotein concentration in 103 healthy control subjects was determined by ELISA (TintElise Lp(a) kit, Biopool, Umea, Sweden). The distribution of Lp(a) in the controls was highly skewed (mean 132, S.D. 109, median 99 mg/liter), which is similar to the results previously reported. Serum Lp(a) level in 104 subjects who underwent coronary angiography was also measured. These subjects were divided into two groups: 59 cases of stenosis(-) and 45 of stenosis(+) groups. Lp(a) level of the stenosis(+) group (mean 235, S.D. 197, median 159 mg/liter) was significantly higher than that of the stenosis(-) group (mean 156, S.D. 133, median 123 mg/liter) and of the controls (Wilcoxon test, p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01, respectively). Further, stenosis(+) group was divided into three subgroups: 20 with single vessel disease, 13 with double vessel disease and 12 with triple vessel disease subgroups. Lp(a) level was correlated with the number of stenotic coronary vessels (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, p less than 0.05). These results suggest that Lp(a) may play an important part as a risk factor for coronary heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibody to gamma seminoprotein].

Gamma seminoprotein (gamma Sm), a glycoprotein isolated from human seminal plasma with a molecular weight of 29,000 and possibly a serine protease, has been demonstrated to be one of the prostate organ-specific antigens. We established a murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) to gamma-Sm in order to prove the presence and localization of this protein in the prostate. The hybrid clones were obtained by fusing mouse SP2/O-Ag-14 myeloma cells with splenocytes from Balb/c mouse immunized with the major fractions of gamma-Sm. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was done for antibody screening. After cloning twice in soft agarose, the stable clone, termed 43-21-1-1, was finally chosen. This MoAb, IgG1(kappa), recognized gamma-Sm specifically, which was verified by an immunoblotting assay. The specificity of the MoAb was further evaluated by immunohistochemical study by the avidin biotin complex method. Periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde-fixed surgical specimens, including the prostate associated with fibromuscular hyperplasia, seminal vesicles, bladder, testis and epididymis, were examined. Formaldehyde (10%)-fixed surgical specimens from patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate and primary transitional cell carcinoma arising from the periurethral prostatic ducts were also examined. Positive reactions of gamma-Sm were recognized only in the cytoplasm of prostatic glandular epithelial cells and along the luminal surface. Fibrous and muscular tissues always given negative staining. Neither nonprostatic tissues nor transitional cell carcinoma of the prostate were stained positively for gamma-Sm. These results show that this MoAb (43-21-1-1) is quite specific to gamma-Sm and may be useful for the immunohistochemical study with prostatic tissue.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical effect of oxybutynin hydrochloride (1 mg/tablet)].

The clinical efficacy of oxybutynin hydrochloride was studied on 21 patients with neurogenic bladder or unstable bladder complaining of urinary frequency, urgency and urgent incontinence. Oxybutynin hydrochloride (1 mg/tablet) was administered orally for 26.7 days, on average, 3 mg per day in 3 and 6 mg per day in 18 patients and the usefulness of this drug was assessed subjectively and objectively. Of 21 patients treated, 9 had neurogenic bladder and 10 had unstable bladder. Urinary frequency was normalized in 6 out of 16 (37.5%), urgency ceased in 6 out of 17 (35.7%) and urgent incontinence disappeared in 9 out of 14 (50%) patients. The mean volume at the first desire to void and the maximum cystometric capacity increased significantly on the cystometrogram after the administration of oxybutynin hydrochloride (p less than 0.01). Furthermore, the maximum vesical pressure decreased significantly (p less than 0.05). The maximum urinary flow rate increased slightly (p less than 0.1) and the residual urine volume significantly increased (p less than 0.05) after medication, although no changes were observed in tidal voiding volume or mean urinary flow rate. Of 20 patients, 9 showed improvement globally (45%), although no subjective or objective improvement was observed in 4 (20%) patients. Marked side effects were observed in 5 cases (two of acute urinary retention, each of increased urgency, residual urine and liver dysfunction), and side effects were seen in 10 of the 21 (47.6%) patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[Healthy worker effect on Japanese industry workers: a commentary from the viewpoint of industrial health management].

Healthy worker effect (HWE), which can be described as a lower death rate within a work force when compared to the general population, has been observed in many epidemiological mortality studies on industrial work populations free of significant life-shortening hazards. The purpose of this report is to evaluate this effect on the active work populations engaged in large scale manufacturing companies in Japan, and to appreciate the possible attributable factors to this phenomenon. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated for workers in the member companies of The Japan Iron and Steel Federation (JISF) and The Japan Chemical Fibers and Textile Association (JCFTA), where mortality surveillance systems have been established. SMRs for all causes of death from 1969 to 1981 were within the range of 50 to 81 in JISF, and 34 to 41 in JCFTA. These results point to the existence of strong HWE, equal to or even lower than the reported values in some industrial populations in the United States. An evident HWE for cancer was also observed in the study populations, but it was reported to be of little significance, if at all, in the United States. HWE can be considered as a composite result of factors such as: (1) selection of healthier work force, (2) risk reduction due to life style modification during employment, and (3) methodological characteristics of the SMR, which are dependent on the percentage of active workers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A clinical evaluation of AMS 700 penile prosthesis in the treatment of impotence].

The AMS 700TM & 700 CXTM penile prosthesis was implanted in 34 organic and mixed-type impotent patients between November, 1984 and July, 1988. The patients' ages ranged between 32 and 70, with an average age of 57.2. Twelve weeks after implantation, the prosthesis was evaluated in terms of patient satisfaction with sexual intercourse and postoperative complications. Twenty three patients (67.7%) were highly satisfied, 7 (20.3%) satisfied, 3 (8.8%) dissatisfied and 1 patient worsened (2.9%). Severe complication was found in two cases, both of them being complicated by infection; as a result the prosthesis was removed. Utility of the prosthesis, e.g. effectiveness and safety was; high utility in 26 cases (76.5%), moderate utility in 7 cases (20.6%), and no favorable in one case (2.9%). Thus, overall effectiveness and safety of the AMS 700 penile prosthesis, with its excellent cosmetic appearance upon implantation, were demonstrated by the above findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Ventricular volumes determined by single-photon emission computed tomography].

To determine right (RV) and left ventricular (LV) volumes, a new technique was developed using ECG-gated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). RV volumes of nine patients and LV volumes of 22 patients measured by SPECT and biplane contrast cineangiography were compared. In addition, volume and ejection fraction (EF) of the RV and LV were obtained by SPECT for 10 normal controls, 21 patients with old myocardial infarction (OMI), eight patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and 12 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and these results were compared. The intracardiac blood pool was labeled with Tc-99m sodium pertechnetate and 32 images were recorded through 180 degrees by a rotating gamma-camera. End-diastolic and end-systolic counts during 50 msec were recorded during 50 or 60 cardiac cycles. These counting data were reconstructed as tomographic images of vertical long-axial slices with thickness of a pixel without any attenuation correction. The numbers of voxels within the % cut-off level were summed, and the sum was multiplied by the one voxel volume. The cut-off level for ventricular delineation was determined as 45% by phantom studies. 1. The values obtained from SPECT and contrast angiography correlated well. 2. In normal controls, LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes were significantly less than those of the RV (p less than 0.05, p less than 0.001) and LVEF was significantly greater than the RVEF (p less than 0.001). 3. In OMI (single vessel disease), both end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes of the LV were significantly greater than those of normals (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.001) and LVEF was significantly less. In HCM end-systolic volumes of the RV were significantly less (p less than 0.05) than those of the normals. 4. LV volume was greater and LVEF was extremely low both in DCM and in OMI (multivessel disease) compared to that of the normals. In DCM, RV end-systolic volumes was greater and RVEF was lower than that of OMI (multi-vessel disease), indicating the deterioration of RV contractility , primarily in DCM. From these findings, it was concluded that this noninvasive technique may be useful for estimating left and right ventricular volumes.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Transrectal ultrasonography for prostatic cancer. II. The response of the prostate to definitive radiotherapy.

Transrectal ultrasonography was used to monitor the response of adenocarcinoma of the prostate to radiotherapy before and 6 to 15 months after treatment combining implantation of radioactive gold seeds with external beam irradiation. Data gathered before and after irradiation therapy suggested that the two most sensitive measures for monitoring the primary tumor are the calculated volume of the prostate and the integrity of the prostatic capsule. The calculated volume of the prostate decreased significantly in all patients by 6 months after radiotherapy. The rate and degree of reduction correlated significantly (P less than 0.05) with the histologic grade of the tumor (poorly differentiated tumors shrinking most rapidly), as well as with the outcome of treatment (P less than 0.05). However, there was no such correlation with stage. After treatment, the average number of sites of capsular disruption decreased steadily, reaching 50% of the pretreatment number by 15 months. Transrectal ultrasonography is a practical, inexpensive, noninvasive tool for monitoring the response of prostatic cancer to definitive radiotherapy, and may provide a means of identifying patients who will respond poorly to treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Transrectal ultrasonography for prostatic cancer: its value in staging and monitoring the response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Current methods to evaluate the size and local extent of prostatic cancer are imprecise. Quantitative assessments of changes after therapy are unreliable. We have used transrectal ultrasonography in 50 patients with clinically localized prostatic cancer to determine the value of this imaging technique in staging the local tumor and in monitoring the response of the tumor to therapy. Transverse images of the prostate were obtained at 5 mm. intervals, and were used to determine the size and shape of the prostate, irregularity or discontinuity of the capsule, extracapsular extension of tumor and invasion into the seminal vesicles. Ultrasonography proved highly accurate in staging. Among 18 previously untreated patients whose tumor appeared to be confined to the prostate by rectal examination 8 (44 per cent) had extension beyond the prostate by ultrasonography, which was confirmed by operative findings. Serial ultrasonograms were performed before and after definitive radiotherapy in 7 patients and chemotherapy in 6 patients. In response to therapy the prostate decreased in size and resumed a more normal, symmetrical shape, the capsule reformed and thickened, the degree of extracapsular extension diminished and the seminal vesicles became normal. Maximal reduction in the size of the prostate usually occurred by 9 months after radiotherapy and by 3 months after chemotherapy. In patients with prostatic cancer transrectal ultrasonography is highly accurate in staging and offers an objective monitor of the response to therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on antigenicity of difluprednate--antigenicity of difluprednate, phototoxicity and photocontact sensitivity of difluprednate ointment and cream].

The antigenicity of difluprednate, phototoxicity and photocontact sensitivity of difluprednate ointment and cream were studied in guinea pigs and mice. The results in this study were as follows. Guinea pigs immunized with difluprednate emulsified with Freund's complete adjuvant did not exhibit the systemic anaphylaxis and the delayed type hypersensitivity by the elicitation with either difluprednate alone or difluprednate-BSA conjugate. The antisera obtained from these guinea pigs did not show the positive response in the homologous 4-hour PCA reaction and the passive hemagglutination test against the challenge of the same antigens described above. In the maximization test, guinea pigs immunized with difluprednate did not show the contact sensitivity when elicited with difluprednate suspended in saline. Guinea pigs applied difluprednate ointment did not show positive contact sensitivity by the elicitation with difluprednate ointment and ointment base. The antisera obtained from mice immunized with difluprednate and difluprednate-OVA conjugate absorbed to Al (OH)3 gel did not give the positive response in the 72-hour PCA reaction against the challenge of either difluprednte alone or difluprednate-BSA conjugate. In the phototoxicity and photocontact sensitivity test, 0.05% difluprednate ointment and 0.05% difluprednate cream did not show positive reactions in guinea pigs, although very slight erythema was caused by the primary irritancy of cream base, with or without irradiation of ultraviolet ray (320-400 nm).

Anaphylaxis↗