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Biomedical subjects

A García

Publications and source records attributed to A García.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Radioimmunoscintigraphy of colorectal carcinoma with a 99Tcm-labelled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (BW 431/26).

Radioimmunoscintigraphy (RIS) with BW 431/26 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) labelled with 99Tcm (962 MBq) has been performed in 64 patients with colorectal carcinoma, one of them with two independent tumours. The group consisted of 46 primary lesions, 15 pelvic recurrences and four suspected recurrences which were shown to be liver metastases. Imaging of liver was obtained in all patients, but surgical liver examination was performed in only 56 of them. Planar scans were obtained at 4 and 24 h postinjection. Tomographic images were also performed in five patients. The final diagnosis was confirmed in all patients by their clinical course and by findings at surgery and pathology. A comparative study between the RIS results and the final diagnosis gave a global sensitivity in primary tumours and pelvic recurrences of 59.7% with an accuracy of 59.0%. When rectal tumours were excluded, the results were 81.1 and 84.9%, respectively. In liver metastases the sensitivity was 50%, with an accuracy of 85.7% and a specificity of 100%. No correlation has been found between CEA serum levels and lesion detection. In conclusion, RIS is a useful technique for the study and localization of colorectal tumours, being also indicated in patients with normal carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) serum levels and clinical suspicion of illness.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Renal failure in temporal arteritis.

We report a case of biopsy-proven temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica with improved clinical symptoms with steroid treatment but with subsequent renal failure while on steroids. Kidney biopsy showed focal segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis with crescents and small-vessel vasculitis. Treatment with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide achieved normalization of renal function. We emphasize the importance of kidney biopsy because of its therapeutic implications. The previous literature concerning renal disease in temporal arteritis is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of commercially available reagents for diagnosis of chagas disease in Chilean blood banks. I. Selection of reagents].

Infection with T cruzi through blood transfusion is an important public health problem in Latin America, including Chile. A study on the sensitivity, specificity and applicability of currently applied methods was performed. Ten commercially available products were tested in a panel of 180 blood specimens against the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and the immunoperoxidase test (IP). Qualitative concordance ranged from 82 to 98%, sensitivity from 64 to 97% and specificity from 93 to 100%. Some commercial products had a low performance and ELISA is recommended for routine use in Chilean blood banks, given its significantly higher sensitivity and specificity when compared to the hemagglutination test. In addition, experience with the use of the ELISA test is widespread in Chile.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Pneumocystis carinii infection. Various aspects on its clinical and laboratory diagnosis].

P carinii is an opportunistic pathogenic agent able to produce severe infection that must be diagnosed promptly. We analyzed 138 samples from 100 patients suspected of having infection by P carinii. The ortho-toluidine blue and the methenamine stains were used to analyze the samples. Infection was demonstrated in 18 patients, 13 adults and 5 children. Underlying disease was AIDS in 7 and other immunosuppressive disorders in the rest. No immunocompetent patient was infected with P carinii. Proper sample collection is important for diagnosis. When bronchoalveolar lavage is not possible, pharyngo-tracheal aspirate in children and sputum sampling after assisted coughing in adults are recommended. At least 2 staining methods and proper controls are advisable.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Manometric changes induced by antireflux surgery (Nissen) and its relation to pH measurement and clinical findings. An analysis 6 months after the intervention].

We analyzed the preoperative ambulatory 24 hour ph-metric and manometric characteristics in a group of 20 patients treated surgically for gastroesophageal reflux (PGER) by Nissen fundoplication. At 6 months post-surgery they were reevaluated instrumentally (manometric and 24 hour ph-metry) and clinically. All ph-metric parameters of PGER (total reflux time, clearance, number of episodes, number of episodes greater than 5 minutes duration and duration of longest episode) were significantly improved (p less than 0.01-0.05) post-operatively (as globally as by position supine and upright) and this improvement was associated with resolution of symptoms in 19 (95%) patients. Of the manometric parameters evaluated (lower esophageal sphincter pressure--LESP--and length--LESL, peristaltic, triphasic, biphasic, absent and simultaneous waves and relaxation of LES) surgery only produced improvement in the lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) and length (LESL) (p less than 0.001). We conclude that antireflux surgery (Nissen) by improving the pressure and length of the LES is capable of producing clinical and ph-metric remission in almost all (95%) of patients studied six months after.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

[The predictive value of ventricular function during exercise after a myocardial infarct].

To assess the prognostic value of exercise left ventricular function, and if this test improves the prognostic value of clinical data and exercise test, 146 patients (mean age 56 +/- 9 years) underwent rest and exercise radionuclide angiography, 10 days after myocardial infarction. During follow-up (mean 16 +/- 5 months), 32 patients had new coronary events: 5 died, 9 had a new myocardial infarction and the remaining 18 developed unstable angina (Class III-IV of the CCS classification). Patients with new coronary events had more frequently severe left ventricular failure (Killip III-IV) (15% vs 3%; p less than 0.05) and postinfarction angina (32% vs 9%; p less than 0.01) than their counterparts. There were no differences regarding rest ejection fraction between both groups of patients. Exercise ejection fraction increased significantly (50 +/- 14% to 56 +/- 16%, p less than 0.001), while there was no change in patients with new coronary events (46 +/- 16% to 43 +/- 15%, NS). Logistic regression analysis including only clinical data identified postinfarction angina (p less than 0.01) and left ventricular failure (Killip III-IV) (p less than 0.01) as independent predictors of new coronary events. The sensitivity and specificity of the regression equation obtained with clinical data were 43% and 90%, respectively. Analyzing data from clinical variables, as well as exercise test and both, rest and exercise radionuclide angiography, logistic regression analysis identified, exercise ejection fraction (p less than 0.001), postinfarction angina (p less than 0.01) and rest ejection fraction (p less than 0.05) as independent predictors of new coronary events.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1992

[Pressure of the anal canal in patients with hemorrhoids or with anal fissure. Effect of the topical application of an anesthetic gel].

The pressure measurements and clinical sensation of 11 patients with hemorrhoids and 8 patients with posterior and fissure were analyzed before and after the topical administration of an anesthetic gel containing tetracaine in the anal canal. A significant increase of the maximal basal pressure (p less than 0.01) was observed in comparison with a control group of the same age and sex. No differences in the maximal pressure of voluntary contractions. The anesthetic gel produced a significant decrease of the maximal basal pressure in subjects with hemorrhoids, as well as a lessening of pain in 37% of patients with anal fissure and in 55% of those with hemorrhoids. This symptomatic improvement was not correlated with changes in pressure. Therefore we conclude that the hypertonicity of the anal canal is not secondary to pain and must be evaluated as a disturbance related to the subjacent lesion.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

[Anisakiasis in Spain. Report of 3 cases].

We reported here three cases of non-imported anisakiasis in Spanish patients. Eating raw sardines was the only common epidemiological feature. Two of the cases presented clinically as a bowel obstruction, and underwent an emergency surgical procedure. In the intestinal biopsy a larva of Anisakiasis simplex was found in the abdominal wall, surrounded by a eosinophilic granuloma and large edema. The third case presented as a peptic ulcer disease with longer evolution time, and a larva of Pseudoterranova decipiens (Phocanema) was found during an upper gastrointestinal endoscopic procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[An analysis of the circadian rhythm of the heart rate and arrhythmias in healthy elderly subjects].

The incidence of asymptomatic arrhythmia detected by Holter monitor in the normal aged population is high. Nevertheless, there are few studies in the literature about the existence and characteristics of their circadian rhythm (CR). The aim of this study, is to determine the presence of CR of the heart rate (HR), supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles (SVE, VE), atrial tachycardias (AT) and ventricular complex tachycardias (VCT) in the normal aged population. We studied 120 subjects, older than 70 years of age, belonging to a pensioner club, without apparent cardiovascular disease by history, physical, ECG, Chest X-Ray and echocardiography. All the patients had a 24 hours Holter monitor. 42 patients whose recording showed more than 50 SVE and/or more than 50 VE were included in the study. To study the CR the cosinor method was used. In the simple analysis, the HR had significant CR in 40 subjects (95.2%), the SVE in 18 out of 29 (62.1%) and the VE in 16 out of 26 (61.5%). The global analysis showed significant CR for the HR, with an acrophase at 15:47 hours (confidence limits at 95% between 14:45 and 15:42 hours) and for the VE, (acrophase: 15:35 hours, confidence limits between 11:53 and 19:05 hours). There was not significant CR for the SVE because the wide dispersion of the acrophases between the subjects. The AT had significant CR but no the VCT. We conclude that the majority of the aged normal subjects with frequent ectopy had significant CR for the HR and extrasystoles. The VE follow a CR similar to the frequency, suggesting a common modulation of the autonomic nervous system. The SVE variation follow a different CR.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Experimental study on radioactive pathways of hypodermically injected technetium-99m.

The objective of this study was to investigate the biological substrate of radioactive pathways of migration of hypodermically injected 99mTc into points of low electrical resistance. Sixteen anesthetized adult male beagles were used. Control and test points were defined by comparing their electrical resistance to that of the pinna. Seventy-three experiments of three different types were performed: (1) separate hypodermic injections of [99mTc] sodium pertechnetate, 201Tl-chloride, 131INa and 99mTc-rhenium sulfide into control and test points; (2) simultaneous injections of [99mTc]sodium pertechnetate and 201Tl chloride into control and test points; and (3) intravascular injections of 99mTcO4 into blood vessels underlying test points. Only the hypodermic injection of 99mTc into points of low electrical resistance gave rise to a specific radioactive pathway characterized by rapid and longitudinal migration, clearly independent of background activity. The specific radioactive pathway detected is not the result of diffusion of the radiotracer through nerves, veins or lymphatic vessels, but its trajectory coincides with that described for one of the acupuncture meridians in the dog.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Quitting the tobacco habit in Spain].

BACKGROUND: The tendencies in the cessation from smoking and their determinants provide useful information to developed preventive policies and to predict the evolution of diseases associated with cigarette consumption. Spain is one of the European countries with more prevalent smoking habits in the general population, and thus the study of factors determining cessation from smoking is particularly relevant. METHODS: The socioeconomic, demographic and health-related variables associated with the cessation from smoking were evaluated using the data bank from the National Health Survey carried out by the Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo in 1987, which includes interviews to 29,647 individuals above 16 years of age. The data were analyzed by the calculation of the quit ratio standardized for age. RESULTS: The quit ratio is influenced by age and sex; it is higher among women and it increases with age. The results are questionable regarding the relation with educational level, family income and occupation. The smokers of less than 10 or more than 25 cigarettes/day are those with a higher quit ratio. The quit ratio is also higher in individuals with health problems, a higher rate of use of health services and in those without usual alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS: The profile of the individuals who quit smoking in Spain has specific features when compared with other countries, particularly regarding the higher quit rate among women and the lack of a linear correlation with indicators of socioeconomic level.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Norepinephrine increases cyclic GMP in astrocytes by a mechanism dependent on nitric oxide synthesis.

Norepinephrine induces a rapid and concentration-dependent rise (EC50 = 1.21 +/- 0.33 microM) in cyclic GMP levels in astrocyte-enriched cultures from rat brain. The response is partially mediated by alpha 1-adrenoceptors since a marked inhibition is observed in the presence of prazosin while the beta-antagonist propranolol shows a smaller effect and the alpha 2-antagonist yohimbine is ineffective. L-NG-methylarginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis from L-arginine, blocks the norepinephrine-induced cyclic GMP accumulation. This effect is reversed by L-arginine.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Heterogeneity in the beta-subunit of translational initiation factor eIF-2 during brain development.

We have detected by immunoblotting analysis of crude fractions from suckling and adult rat brain, resolved by two-dimensional isoelectric focusing-dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the presence of two different forms of the beta subunit of polypeptide initiation factor 2 (eIF-2). These two forms differ in their apparent molecular weights and also in their isoelectric point values. Quantitation of both forms in the crude fractions shows that, the most basic form beta 1 (pI: 6.1, 52 kDa), is present in higher levels of the salt wash ribosomal fractions obtained from both, suckling and adult animals, than in the postmicrosomal fraction corresponding to the same animals. The most acidic form, beta 2 (pI: 5.9, 50 kDa), is present in the highest level in the postmicrosomal supernatant from adult animals. A close parallelism is found between beta 1 levels and eIF-2 activity.

Aging↗