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Biomedical subjects

A Gerinec

Publications and source records attributed to A Gerinec.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis and toxocariasis using fluid from the anterior ocular chamber].

The authors discuss methods of improvement of the etiologic diagnosis of the toxoplasma and toxocara associated posterior uveititis, by examining specific antibodies in the aqueous humor. Paired samples of aqueous humor and serum were analyzed in 23 patients. Chorioretinitis of infectious etiology was suspected in 15 patients, 3 patients were treated for panuveitis, 4 patients for intermediate uveitis, and in 1 patient the sample was obtained to rule out malignant melanoma. The local ocular antibody production was calculated according to Desmonts. Toxoplasma etiology was confirmed by local antibody production analysis in 1 patient, toxocara etiology in 5 patients. In 20 patients in the control group local specific antibody production was not demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Corneal dystrophies].

Authors concentrate on the occurrence of corneal hereditary dystrophies in the frame all pathology of the cornea in children age. They stress not rare appearance and pointed out on often diagnostic errors. They warn contemporary importance of long-time follow up of patients also in the adult age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Posterior scleroplasty in children with severe myopia.

PURPOSE: To assess the influence of scleral reinforcement on the evolution of severe myopia in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Scleral reinforcement after Thompson was performed on 251 eyes of 154 children with high myopia from 2 to 18 years of age. The main indication criteria for surgery during the period 1992-2000 included: severe myopia more than -7 Diopters and the increase in refraction more than -1 D(per year. Zenoderm (porcin skin) was the main alloplastic material used during surgery. No serious complications were observed. The following main indicators of myopia advancement were investigated on a long-term basis and evaluated: axial length, refraction, visual acuity, fundus findings and perimetry. RESULTS: The positive influence of surgery on myopia advancement was observed in 100% of patients. In about 53% of operated eyes, myopia was absolutely stopped, and in about 47% of operated eyes, its advancement was considerably reduced. During 10 years of postsurgical check-up, stabilisation of myopia was achieved, the following in individual indicators: axial length--53.8% of eyes, refraction--52.9% of eyes, visual acuity--85% of eyes, fundus findings--58.6% of eyes, perimetry--59.1% of eyes. The advancement of myopia in other 47% of patients has been decreased from 1.1 D/per year before surgery to 0.1 D till 10 years after surgery. CONCLUSION: Scleral reinforcement is an effective and safe surgery that can stabilise the progression of severe myopia in children. (Tab. 6, Fig. 7, Ref. 12.).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Diclof 0.1% eyedrops in pediatric ophthalmology].

The authors analyze their two years experience with 208 patients hospitalized at the Clinic of Pediatric Ophthalmology treated by the locally administered antiprostaglandin diclophenac, 0.1% eye drops. The spectrum of the disease was wide and comprised different conditions after intraocular surgery, in particular of cataract, glaucoma and perforation injuries, Yag laser capsulotomy, and conservatively treated conditions, in particular inflammatory processes, uveitis and keratoconjunctivitis. Diclophenac was not combined with other non-steroid antiphlogistics but frequently it was adjuvant treatment of corticosteroids, antibiotics and mydriatics. The authors did not observe any side-effects of the preparation, even after long-term administration or after short-term administration to neonates. As to the intensity of effect, diclophenac was comparable with other prostaglandin inhibitors and in pediatric ophthalmology it is an effective and safe antiphlogistic agent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical experience with the preparation Uniflox Unimed Pharma in ophthalmology].

The authors investigated in a group of 186 adults and 46 children the effect of antibiotic drops UNIFLOX UNIMED PHARMA. The drops contain the effective substance ofloxacine and were used in different inflammations of the eye and adnexa as well as before and after surgery of the eye. Of 110 patients where before surgery from the conjunctival sac pathogenic microorganisms were cultivated, after 7 days following administration of the drops in 105 patients the finding was negative. The marked effect on staphylococci was remarkable. During the postoperative period, in particular after operations of the cornea, a positive prophylactic effect was found and the authors did not observe any effect on healing of the surgical wounds or epithelization of the cornea. The drug had a high antimicrobial effect also in children where it was administered in suppurative dacrocystitis of neonates, acute inflammations of the conjunctiva or bacterial superficial keratitis. All patients tolerated the drug very well, no side-effects were observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy].

BACKGROUND: Leber's hereditary neuropathy of the optic nerve (LHON) is manifested by bilateral affection of the eyes with acute or subacute loss of vision. The disease is caused by point mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and is one of the most frequent mitochondrial diseases in the population. In patients with LHON 18 different point mutations in the mtDNA were described which correlate partly with the rate of progression of the disease and the severity and prognosis of the final affection of vision. METHODS AND RESULTS: The submitted paper deals with the results of molecular genetic examinations in three families with clinical manifestations of LHON. In three patients in the first family a homoplasmic mutation of mtDNA G3460A was found. In the second family in a young man with severely impaired vision a heteroplasmic mutation G3460A was found associated with a higher ratio of mutated mtDNA molecules than in his mother who is clinically healthy. In the third family the presence of homoplasmic mutation of mtDNA in position G11778A was detected. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of LHON and genetic counselling in affected families should be based on close collaboration of ophthalmological and genetic departments with specialized laboratories engaged in molecular biological diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases.

DNA, Mitochondrial↗
PubMed1999

[Ocular manifestations of toxocariasis].

The paper reports about the ocular symptomatology of toxocariasis that represents a severe parasitic disease especially in children. Recently, the incidence of this disease is increasing. Diagnostic process has improved by means of newly developed laboratory methods. Ocular findings on retina are in toxocariasis identified very late. Despite many antihelmintics, steroids and surgical treatment, a poor treatment success has been achieved, and the sight remains often permanently severely affected. Because of the risk of blindness the most efficient arrangement is prophylaxy from the side of parents, teachers, veterinarions and the society as a whole. (Fig. 3, Ref. 6.)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Ocular manifestation of toxoplasmosis in children].

The paper presents contemporary opinions on toxoplasmosis infection in the children, commonest form of posterior uveitis. Different clinical forms of ocular affection, current by available diagnostic methods, possible therapeutic approaches, their indications and contraindications, are analyzed. Risk of transplacentar infection and therapy of affected women are emphasized with the purpose of congenital toxoplasmosis prevention. (Fig. 2, Ref. 6.)

Child↗
PubMed1998

[Risks in late diagnosis of retinoblastoma and their prevention].

The study of the therapy of 57 patients with retinoblastoma and their 30-year follow-up a very significant problem of the delayed assessment of the diagnosis in this disease. The age of patients at the point of assessment of the diagnosis was delayed in average for 3 months after the appearance of first symptoms being especially leucocoria and strabismus, in hereditary Rb it yielded 10 months and in non-hereditary 36 months. The study emphasizes the risks of achieving lower therapeutic success rates and higher lethality in patients in very advanced stages of the disease. An improvement in parental care is assumed to represent a significant preventive measure against the late assessment of the diagnosis. The authors suggest an improvement in erudition of regional paediatrists together with fast provision of clinical care with the use of all diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities provided by modern medicine. (Fig. 4, Ref. 6.)

Child↗
PubMed1998

[Use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of strabismus].

The authors present their two years experience with the administration of botulotoxin, the first observations in this country in connection with treatment of strabismus. Botulotoxin was injected by the i.m. route to 26 children mostly with residual deviations above 20 PD in concomitant strabismus. After a single injection the deviation declined to less than 20 PD in all patients. However persistence of deviations under 10 PD was not permanent and after reappearance of the deviation the administration of botulotoxin had to be repeated. The authors consider the therapeutic results satisfactory and draw attention to advantages and disadvantages of this method. They discuss in particular problems of the long-term effect of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Molecular diagnosis of mutations responsible for recurrent and severe forms of primary congenital glaucoma].

A PCR-based test has been developed that makes it possible to detect a G to A substitution in the cytochrome P4501B1 gene. This mutation brings about a substitution of glutamic acid to lysine in the cytochrome P4501B1 molecule, and has been shown to be responsible, in homozygous form, for a severe and prognostically unfavourable form of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). This type of PCG has been previously demonstrated to be extremely frequent in the population of Gypsies (Roms) in Slovakia. In this study, all 33 PCG Gypsy patients examined were found homozygous for this particular mutation, and among 101 unrelated healthy screened subjects from the Gypsy ethnic community, almost 14% of mutation carriers were identified. The test sugesed here makes it possible to perform a direct DNA-based prenatal diagnosis of PCG in the families at risk, as well as to screen for gene carriers.

Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases↗
PubMed1998

[2 clinico-genetic types of primary congenital glaucomas in Slovakia].

The authors present the results of a 20-year follow-up of a group of 125 patients with primary congenital glaucoma. Based on 10 fundamentally different indicators they provided evidence of two clinical forms of primary congenital glaucoma depending on the ethnic origin and type of heredity. In Slovakia is found: a/autosomal recessive hereditary primary congenital glaucoma in the gypsy population with an identified gene locus GLC3A with a different clinical picture, severe course and unfavourable therapeutic results; b/multifactorial primary congenital glaucoma in the remaining population of Slovakia with different clinical parameters, a milder course and favourable therapeutic results.

Female↗
PubMed1997

[Rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit].

The authors evaluated 9 years' experience with the diagnosis and treatment of embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit in children. They evaluated in detail a group of 5 children treated and followed up for 1-9 years. Due to comprehensive surgical, radiation and chemotherapeutic treatment all patients survive and in 80% the visual function is preserved. For differential diagnostic problems, with regard to the variable manifestation of rhabdomyosarcoma which may imitate orbitocellulitis, chalaseon, epibulbar lipodermoid or papilloma, the authors emphasize the importance of rapid primary diagnosis by NMR and biopsy. In the treatment they appreciate greatly a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy which is a modern trend and can eradicate the tumour without radical surgery.

Child↗
PubMed1997

[Surgery in congenital Brown's syndrome].

The authors present a rare developmental anomaly of the eye muscles-Brown's syndrome which frequently poses a diagnostic and therapeutic problem. The authors analyze the case-history of a female patient with this disease where a very successful new surgical method was introduced using a silicone expander implanted into the upper oblique muscle. The author discusses in particular possible surgical approaches in Brown's syndrome.

Child↗