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Biomedical subjects

A Heimdahl

Publications and source records attributed to A Heimdahl.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Occurrence of penicillin-resistant and beta-lactamase-producing Bacteroides species in the oral cavity.

Bacteroides species are known to play an important role in orofacial infections. The present investigation shows that penicillin-resistant Bacteroides species are commonly found in the oral cavity and that their occurrence is related to previous penicillin therapy. Several of the penicillin-resistant isolates were also resistant to erythromycin and/or doxycycline while all strains were sensitive to clindamycin and tinidazole. the penicillin resistance was mainly due to beta-lactamase production. A selective cultivation method for detection of penicillin-resistant Bacteroides is described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Replantation of avulsed teeth after long extra-alveolar periods.

In 11 patients, 18 teeth, with extra-alveolar periods ranging from 6 h to 48 days were replanted after root-filling with chloroform resin and guttapercha. After observation periods from 1 to 7 years, only 1 tooth was lost (after 5 years), but the remaining 17 teeth were clinically well functioning. All teeth were ankylotic and subjected to replacement resorption of various extent. Inflammatory root resorption and periradicular osteitis were not observed. Marginal bone loss up to 5 mm was noticed, but was accompanied by gingival retraction and thus pathological periodontal pockets (5 mm) were not observed. Consequently, teeth replanted after long extra-alveolar periods (even several days) can function for many years and thus postpone prosthetic treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Influence of doxycycline on the normal human flora and colonization of the oral cavity and colon.

Doxycycline was given orally in doses of 100 mg every 24 h for 7 days to 10 subjects. Salivary and faecal specimens were taken up to 16 days for cultivation of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms and for assay of doxycycline. Doxycycline was detected in both saliva and faeces. Only minor changes were observed regarding the number of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms in the oral cavity. In the faecal flora a decrease in the number of aerobic microorganisms was observed in most subjects, while only minor changes in the number of anaerobic bacteria were noticed. A marked increase in doxycycline-resistant aerobic and anaerobic bacterial strains was noticed both in the oral cavity and the colon. Only a few patients were colonized with potentially pathogenic microorganisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Orofacial infections of odontogenic origin.

Purulent infections of the orofacial region are often of odontogenic origin. The clinical manifestations are largely dependent on the complex microbiota and the anatomical routes of spread. Serious complications may ensue, especially if hematogenous spread occurs. Direct invasion of different anatomical spaces may cause mediastinitis, airway obstruction and intracranial spread. Proper surgical treatment is mandatory to evacuate pus as soon as abscess formation is recognized. Anaerobic bacteria belonging to the normal oropharyngeal flora are usually isolated from these abscesses. The drug of choice for antimicrobial therapy is penicillin. However, antimicrobial treatment may have to be altered due to emergence of antimicrobial-resistant anaerobic bacteria.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Effect of insertion of osseo-integrated prosthesis on the oral microflora.

Ten patients undergoing treatment with bridges supported by osseo-integrated oral titanium implants were studied regarding the oral microflora. Saliva samples for microbiological studies were collected before the abutment operation, 1 week after the operation, after the bridges were inserted and again 52 weeks after the abutment operation. The implants did not induce colonization with "plaque streptococci" such as Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis. A marked colonization with potentially pathogenic microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas species and enterobacteria was observed after the abutment operation. This was probably due to the use of surgical dressing.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Impact of different betalactam antibiotics on the normal human flora, and colonization of the oral cavity, throat and colon.

Phenoxymethylpenicillin was given orally in doses of 800 mg twice daily for seven days to six patients, and bacampicillin was given in doses of 400 mg three times per day for seven days to another six patients. Saliva, throat and faecal specimens were taken for cultivation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Only small changes in the normal saliva and throat flora were observed, and no changes in the faecal flora were noticed during the observation period. Cefoxitin was administered parenterally in doses of 2 g at 6 h intervals for 12 h to six other patients. Pronounced changes in the colon flora occurred. Of the aerobic bacteria, enterobacteria decreased and cefoxitin-resistant enterococci increased in number; of the anaerobic bacteria, gram-negative rods decreased in number. At the end of the administration period, all cefoxitin-resistant strains decreased, and suppressed enterobacteria and bacteroides increased in number.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of erythromycin and clindamycin on the indigenous human anaerobic flora and new colonization of the gastrointestinal tract.

Erythromycin and clindamycin were given orally to ten subjects in recommended doses for seven days in order to study the effects of these antibiotics on human flora. Saliva and faecal specimens were collected for up to 29 days after administration of the antibiotics. Erythromycin caused only minor changes in the saliva flora while the aerobic and anaerobic colon flora were considerably disturbed. Clindamycin depressed both the anaerobic saliva and colon flora. Both erythromycin and clindamycin induced new colonization of the oral cavity and colon. The levels of free volatile fatty acids sank in saliva and faeces when erythromycin and clindamycin were given. The ecological disturbances caused by antibiotics require further investigation and should be taken into consideration in therapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Latent bone cyst as healing artifact. A case report.

The hemorrhagic bone cyst and the latent bone cyst are pathological conditions of unknown etiology occurring in the jaws. Hemorrhagic cysts are diagnosed radiographically and clinically, while latent bone cysts are often diagnosed on radiographical findings alone. In this paper, a case is described where a hemorrhagic bone cyst failed to heal completely after surgery and left a lesion resembling a latent bone cyst. This was probably caused by a defect of the lingual cortical plate first observed during surgical treatment. A tomogram subsequently revealed persistence of this lingual cortical defect. The case suggests that some lesions diagnosed as mandibular latent bone cysts may, in fact, be healing defects associated with pathological lesions having a defective lingual cortical plate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Influence of erythromycin on the normal human flora and colonization of the oral cavity, throat and colon.

Erythromycin stearate was given orally in doses of 500 mg twice daily for 7 days to 10 volunteers. Saliva, throat and faecal specimens were taken up to 16 days for cultivation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. In specimens from saliva and throat only minor changes in the numbers of bacteria were detected during the antibiotic administration period, while pronounced changes in the aerobic and anaerobic faecal flora occurred. Thus among aerobes the number of enterobacteria significantly decreased and also the numbers of most anaerobes. During the erythromycin administration period, 8 subjects were colonized by erythromycin-resistant enterobacteria in the oral cavity and throat. All subjects were colonized by erythromycin-resistant enterobacteria, clostridia or yeasts in the colon. Many of the colonizing microorganisms were potential pathogens.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The normal human anaerobic microflora.

Anaerobic bacteria are prevalent among the bacterial populations of the human body, particularly on mucous membrane surfaces. The major sites with a rich anaerobic normal microflora are the mouth, the gastrointestinal tract and the female genital tract. The oral cavity harbours more than 300 different bacterial species. The concentrations of bacteria in saliva are 10(8) to 10(9) colony forming units/ml and anaerobic bacteria outnumber aerobic bacteria by 10:1. On the tooth surfaces, the concentrations of bacteria are 10(10) to 10(11) cfu/ml with a predominance of anaerobes. Bacterial concentrations in gingival scrapings are 10(11) to 10(12) cfu/ml with anaerobic bacteria outnumbering aerobic bacteria by 1000:1. In the saliva and on the tongue surface, the predominant anaerobic bacteria are cocci, while in the gingival crevice large concentrations of gram-negative rods are recovered. Microorganisms found in the upper intestinal tract are different from those in the lower intestinal tract. In the stomach and the proximal small bowel, the microorganisms found as normal flora are a reflection of the oral flora. Bacterial concentrations in this region are 10(2)-10(5) cfu/ml intestinal content. In the colon, bacterial concentrations of 10(11)-10(12) cfu/g faeces are found. About 500 different bacterial species are recovered in the lower intestine. The most common anaerobic microorganisms are bifidobacteria, lactobacilli and bacteroides. Recent studies have used quantitative techniques for analyses of the vaginal flora and it has been found that anaerobic bacteria outnumber aerobic bacteria in the vagina by approximately 10:1. The most prevalent bacteria are peptococci, present in counts of 10(7)-10(8) cfu/ml. Lactobacilli, corynebacteria, eubacteria and bacteroides are also isolated.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1981

Bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia and acute leukemia at Huddinge Hospital.

Eight patients with aplastic anemia were transplanted with marrow from HLA-identical donors. Two patient rejected their grafts and died while 5 patients (71%) show no ill effects 3 months, 10 months, and more than 1, 2 and 4 years after the transplantation. Three of the patients who received unirradiated donor buffy coat after transplantation developed chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) which, however, resolved following treatment with Prednisolone and Azathioprine. One patient with end-stage acute myeloid leukemia, who was transplanted with marrow from an identical twin, died 6 days after the transplantation of bleedings and sepsis. Eight patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANL) were transplanted, while in remission, with marrow from HLA-identical siblings. One patient died of interstitial pneumonia 3 months after transplantation, while another patient recovered from GVHD of the gut at 5 months after the transplantation. Seven out of 8 patients with ANL (88%) are home and well between 2 and 12 months after the transplantation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Effect of tinidazole on the oral, throat, and colon microflora of man.

Tinidazole in capsules was given orally in doses of 150 mg twice per day for 7 days to ten subjects. Saliva, throat, and faecal specimens were taken up to 16 days after administration for cultivation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and for assay of tinidazole. Mean peak serum levels of tinidazole varied between 3.3 microgram/ml to 5.4 microgram/ml. The saliva concentrations of tinidazole were between 2.9 microgram/ml to 5.9 microgram/ml. No concentration of tinidazole was detected in faeces. In saliva, a slight decrease in the numbers of fusobacteria was found, but no other changes in the oral, throat, or colon microflora were observed.

Adult↗