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Biomedical subjects

A I Lobakov

Publications and source records attributed to A I Lobakov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Contemporary low-invasive, videoendoscopic and organ-sparing abdominal operations].

The paper presents the results of low-invasive, videosurgical, and organ-sparing operations, developed and performed by the authors. Original low-invasive techniques of external, external-and-internal and internal bile-duct drainage, and bile-duct endoprosthesis replacement have been performed in 25 patients with benign and malignant bile-duct strictures. Transcutaneous puncture drainage operations, including those combined with an original method of transdrainage sclerotherapy with nitric oxide, have been performed in 93 patients with postnecrotic pancreatic cysts. Endoscopic virsungotomy have been performed as part of the complex treatment of 43 patients with external pancreatic fistulas and 14 patients with polycystic head of pancreas. X-ray endovascular embolization has been performed in 7 patients with internal arterio-pancreatic fistulas. Program laparoscopic abdominal cavity sanation by an original method have been performed in 50 patients with diffuse peritonitis. The results of the study demonstrate high effectiveness of the methods, which in most cases can be applied as an alternative to conventional surgical interventions.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1999

[Diagnosis and treatment of "biliary" complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy].

Optimal curative and diagnostic policy has been worked up in early "biliary" complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 10 cases with such complications in the course of 1000 operations were analyzed, and the authors came to conclusion, that rational succession and optimal combination of noninvasive and minimally invasive diagnostic and curative measures contribute to upgrading diagnosis of the complications and in some cases to elimination of them by the use of minimally invasive endoscopical methods. The curative and diagnostic algorythm has been devised.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Weak-flow membrane blood oxygenation in treatment of patients with peritonitis].

The application of the level of molecules with medium molecular mass (MM) and wave length E254 and 280 nm was tried in 30 patients, operated on for various diseases of the organs of abdominal cavity and their purulent complications. Besides routine treatment weak flow membrane blood oxygenation was carried out. As a result of the study it was established that the level of medium molecular peptides appears to be a criteria of effectiveness of the weak-flow membrane blood oxygenation and determines duration of the procedure. The initial concentration of MM from 1,0 relative units and more duration of the blood oxygenation period should be limited by 2 hours. This method can be regarded, as independent mode od detoxication.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Use of piperacillin-tazobactam in abdominal surgery].

Piperacillin/tazobactam (P/T) was used in the monotherapy of 40 patients with various inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity organs. P/T was administered as dropwise intravenous infusions in a single dose of 4/0.5 g 3 times a day for 5 to 17 days. In 82.5 per cent of the patients with infection of the abdominal cavity: severe postoperative purulent wounds, peritonitis of various etiology (biliary, serous-fibrinous, hemorrhagic fibrinous), postnecrotic cyst of the pancrease, abscesses of the liver and subhepatic space P/T proved to be highly efficient. The P/T monotherapy resulted in practically complete eradication of anaerobic microbes, coagulase negative staphylococci, enterobacteria and nonfermenting bacteria except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the inflammation foci.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Effect of piperacillin/tazobactam on the anti-infection resistance in patients with infections in the peritoneal cavity].

The effect of the monotherapy with piperacillin/tazobactam (P/T) or tazocin on microflora of the mucous membranes of the nose and pharynx of 33 patients and the contents of the large intestine of 21 patients as well as on the immunological aspects (cellular and humoral factors) of the antiinfectious resistance systems (AIRS) in patients with abdominal cavity infection (ACI) was studied. Before the treatment serious impairment of the AIRS in all the patients was observed. The P/T monotherapy in a daily dose of 12/1.5 g at the average for 10 days had no unfavourable effect on the indices characterizing the phagocytic function of the neutrophils in the incompleted and completed variants, on the immunocompetent cells, hemolytic complement and the levels of IgM, IgG and IgA. No significant effect of the treatment on the mucosal microflora on the whole was detected. However, Neisseria spp. and Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum were eradicated in the pharynx while the number of the Klebsiella pneumoniae [symbol: see text] Escherichia coli isolates from the pharynx mucosa increased. The number of the bifidobacteria in the contents of the large intestine significantly lowered while the number of the hemolyzing forms of enterococci and stapylococci increased. The investigation of the AIRS immunological aspects in the patient groups of different total (clinicomorphological) efficacy showed that the neutrophil phagocytic function was the efficacy predictor and P/T in its turn had an immunomodulating effect on the neutrophil phagocytic activity in the patients with ACI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[A method of sequential (intravenous and oral) use of ofloxacin in the treatment of patients with infections of organs of the peritoneal cavity].

Clinico-laboratory estimation of the efficacy and tolerance of ofloxacin used in succession, at first intravenously and then orally, in the treatment of 15 patients with infection of the abdominal cavity was performed. It was shown that after the use for a period of 10 years ofloxacin preserved its high antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms with multiple drug resistance and remained superior to the majority of broad spectrum antimicrobial agents by the number of susceptible isolates. The successive use of ofloxacin proved to be highly efficient. The total efficacy of the drug amounted to 80 percent and no side effects were recorded. The analysis of the microbiological state of the antiinfectious resistance system (AIRS) showed that the dysbiotic lesions on the mucosa of the upper respiratory tracts and large intestine detected in all the patients before the treatment with ofloxacin remained after the treatment. However, a change in the microflora responsible for dysbacteriosis was observed. The investigation of the immunological status of the AIRS suggested that the good and satisfactory results of the therapy with ofloxacin could to a significant extent be due to the proportion of the active neutrophils.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

[Extracorporeal detoxication in the treatment of peritonitis complicated with multiple organ insufficiency].

The article deals with experience in the use of filtration and combined methods of extracorporeal detoxification in 201 patients with peritonitis in the phase of polyorganic insufficiency. The methods were developed in the department of abdominal surgery of the Moscow Regional Scientific Research Clinical Institute. The authors show the indications for and the advantages, the mechanisms of the effect, and the results of bifiltration cascade exchange plasmapheresis, improved hemofiltration method, and selective detoxification of portal blood, and the combination of these methods with continuous membrane blood oxygenation. The mortality reduced from 46.6% in the control group to 26.5% in the main group.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Pathogenetic substantiation of extracorporeal detoxication in surgery.

The report is based on the results of treatment of 116 patients with severe purulent-destructive abdominal cavity diseases and 320 patients with liver failure due to bile ducts obturation. Along with surgical operations, methods of organism extracorporeal detoxication-haemosorption, exchange plasmapheresis, autoblood ultraviolet irradiation--were used in all patients either in isolation or in combination with each other. Toxical metabolites concentration, blood integral toxicity, peptids with mean molecular weight concentration, liver profile enzimes activity, lipid metabolism indices, general and liver haemodynamics and electroencephalogram were studied. On the basis of correlations between indices obtained by the method of extreme grouping factors-syndromes were formed, and then in accordance with a special program summary evaluation of detoxication was calculated in marks. A drop in lethality by 28.3% was ensured, as well as a drop in postoperatyonal liver failure by 51.4%.

Blood↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of extracorporeal blood purification on the structural-morphological state of the liver in obstructive jaundice].

Changes in the liver structure and morphology have been examined by means of light optic and transmissive electron microscopy in 12 patients with obstructive jaundice before and after blood purification. The findings permit a conclusion that in mechanical jaundice the methods for extracorporeal purification of the blood do not directly influence the pattern of the underlying condition of the liver, though promote a stabilization of the structural changes in the hepatocytes and prevent their augmentation; this recommends an earlier employment of extracorporeal purification of the blood in this condition.

Adolescent↗