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Biomedical subjects

A J Pesce

Publications and source records attributed to A J Pesce.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Immunofluorescent localization of beta2-microglobulin in the human kidney.

Using antisera to human beta2-microglobulin and an immunofluorescent technique, beta2-microglobulin was found to be localized along tubular and glomerular basement membranes of renal bipsies studied. Since beta2-microglobulin is a subunit of HLA preparations, it may also serve as an indirect marker for the presence of HLA antigens in these structures.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1977

Proteinuria following renal transplantation.

Proteinuria was studied in ten renal allograft recipients; it was defined as: (a) glomerular--characterized by predominant albumin excretion; (b) tubular--significant excretion of both albumin and low molecular weight (LMW) proteins; and (c) glomerulo-tubular or mixed type, a combination of the two. LMW protein and albumin were quantitated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with sodium dodecyl sulfate. In the immediate posttransplant period, LMW protein and albumin excretion, expressed as a percentage of creatinine clearance, were high, revealing a mixed pattern, and excretion of both protein classes was higher than during both acute tubular necrosis and acute rejection crisis. Tubular proteinuria was observed in acute tubular necrosis; a glomerulo-tubular or mixed pattern of protein excretion in acute rejection crises.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

beta2 microglobulinuria in a patient with nephrotoxicity secondary to mercuric chloride ingestion.

A case of mercuric chloride intoxication is reported in which protein excretion was measured. Urinary albumin and low molecular weight proteins, including beta2 microglobulin, were greatly elevated following ingestion, reaching maximal values on the second day. The increased excretion of both albumin and beta2 microglobulin indicated the presence of both tubular and glomerular lesions. Data obtained on this patient suggest that the determination of beta2 microglobulin may be useful guide for the evaluation of renal tubular function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Lymphocytotoxins in epileptic patients receiving phenytoin.

The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and nature of lymphocytotoxic antibodies in patients receiving phenytoin. Of forty-six sera examined, lymphocytotoxins and antinuclear antibodies were detected in fourteen and eleven samples respectively. Antibodies to double-stranded RNA (poly-A-poly-U) were found in six out of thirty-eight sera studied. A highly significant correlation was found between the presence of lymphocytotoxins and antinuclear antibodies (chi2 = 9.72; P less than 0.01). Lymphocytotoxins were found to be of the IgM class, to have activity against T and B cells, and to be dependent on the presence of Ca and Mg ions for activity. These findings may have pathogenetic importance in the genesis of the altered immune state of patients reveiving phenytoin.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1977

Immunosuppressive properties of a peptic fragment of BSA.

The immunogenic properties of a peptic fragment of BSA were investigated. BSA was subjected to limited proteolysis by pepsin and the resulting fragments were separated on DEAE cellulose. The fragment under consideration, Fraction Ia (m.w. 8000 to 10,000), did not precipitate with anti-BSA serum but did inhibi, the binding of specific antibody to labeled BSA, indicating the presence of determinants found on the native antigen. BDF1 mice immunized with Fraction Ia in A1 (OH)3 gel or in complete Freund's adjuvant produced no significant antibody response as measured by passive cutaneous anaphylited a (PCA) or by a modified Farr assay. The fragment elicited a PCA reaction in mouse skin sensitized with anti-BSA serum. Treatment of mice with single doses of Fraction Ia at various time intervals before immunization with BSA resulted in significant suppression of the formation of anti-BSA antibody. The conditions of suppresion of the IgE response by the peptic fragment were studied in greater detail. Evidence is presented that such suppression can be attributed to the presence of specific T suppressor cells in our system.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Albumin excretion by the kidney: the effects of volume expansion.

With the use of a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay for rat albumin, urine albumin excretion rate (UalbV) was measured under baseline conditions and following saline-induced volume expansion. Volume expansion was associated with a significant increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine volume (V), fractional excretion of sodium (FEna), and UalbV (p less than 0.002). The increase in UalbV correlated far better with the increase in GFR than the increase in F and FEna, which suggests that volume expansion results in an increased albumin filtration with saturation of the tubular reabsorptive capacity.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed1977

Human lactic dehydrogenase as a marker for human tumor cells grown in athymic mice.

Human tumors implanted s.c. into athymic mice released lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes unique to human tissue. These isoenzymes were readily identified and quantitated in mouse plasma. When injected into mice i.p. or i.v., human LDH isoenzymes were rapidly cleared from the blood circulation, decreasing to within 10% of the initial value in 12 hr. When human tumor cell lines (HEp-2 and T-24) were injected i.v. into heterozygote or athymic mice, they released LDH isoenzymes over a 24-hr period. When these cells were injected by the i.p. route, they released the isoenzymes over the 4-day period studied. Solid tumors of HEp-2, T-24, and SW-733 cells s.c. implanted continuously released amounts of LDH that were directly related to tumor mass. Therefore, the measurement of plasma levels of human LDH isoenzymes in athymic mice is a useful parameter for detecting the presence and growth of human tumors in these animals. Since the bulk of the released LDH is assumed to derive from injured or destroyed human tumor cells, the assay for these isoenzymes should provide a useful marker for determining the effectiveness of experimental antitumor therapy in athymic mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of aminonucleoside on transport maximum of para-aminohippurate and intrarenal blood flow distribution in rats.

The present study examined intrarenal blood flow distribution and possible involvement of tubular elements in rats with aminonucleoside (AMN)-induced nephrotic syndrome. Tubular maxima of para-aminohippurate (T M PAH) were determined during mild saline expansion in control rats and in rats on days 4, 5, 6, and 14 following a single intravenous injection of AMN (10 mg/100 gm of body weight). T M PAH and glomerular filtration rates (GFR's), unchanged from controls on day 4, were equally depressed on days 5, 6, and 14; minimum values were reached on day 6. Composite linear regression analysis of controls and AMN-treated rats showed that T M PAH and GFR's were significantly correlated (r = 0.704, p less than 0.001). Microsphere studies in animals with chronic carotid catheters demonstrated a decrease in the ratio of outer to inner cortical blood flow 6 days following AMN. The data suggest that AMN produces primarily glomerular lesions and that outer cortical blood flow is more susceptible to AMN than is inner cortical blood flow.

Aminohippuric Acids↗
PubMed1976

Method for measuring the concentration of urinary proteins according to their molecular size category.

We combined the use of a concentrating device (Minicon) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate to semi-quantitate the concentration of (a) the collective low-molecular-weight proteins and (b) of albumin excreted in the urine of patients after renal transplantation. Analytical recovery of many serum proteins from samples concentrated 100-fold in the Minicon apparatus was about 70%. It was possible to examine many urine samples by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after concentration with this device. The reproducibility (CV) of the technique was on the order of 20% when albumin and low-molecular-weight protein were in about equal concentration. The method was adequate to differntiate glomerular and tubular proteinuria, because in glomerular proteinuria the ratio of albumin to low-molecular-weight proteins is about 20/1, whereas in tubular proteinuria the ratio is about 1/1.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1975

Renal clearance of human and rat albumins in the rat.

Experiments were done to investigate whether molecular discrimination occurred in the renal handling of two species of serum albumin. Human albumin, 40 mg, was infused into rats; it was removed from serum (t1/2 equal to 15.8 hr) more rapidly than previously reported measurements of removal of endogenous rat albumin (t1/2 equal to 46 hr). Human albumin was cleared by the rat kidney at a constant rate of 0.0026 mul/min--a value virtually identical to that of rat albumin (0.0020 mul/min). In rats with proteinuria following the single iv injection of puromycin aminonucleoside, human albumin was removed from serum with a half-life of 17.6 hr. During the development of the nephrotic syndrome, the renal clearances of human and rat albumin increased proportionately. Despite the difference in the serum concentration and rates of removal of the two species of albumin, renal handling of the two species was similar. Thus the kidney did not appear to discriminate in its handling of these two proteins.

Albuminuria↗