Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A J Veliath.
Among the fungal pathogens the species Fusariam solani causing systemic infection is very rare and generally causes systemic infection only in an immuno-compromised host. We report a systemic infection caused by F. solani in a non-immunocompromised adult male, to our knowledge the first such case report.
The effects of percutaneous bone-marrow grafting done on the fifth day after osteotomies and induced defects of the shaft of the radius were studied in 41 adult rabbits. At 2 and 3 weeks, the callus volume was larger in the grafted radii than in the controls. Serial radiographs and gross and histologic findings confirmed that percutaneous bone-marrow grafting improved healing of osteotomies and defects at 4 weeks.
Bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax due to silicotic alveolar proteinosis is reported because of its rarity.
A rare case of malignant granular cell tumour of the anterior abdominal wall in a woman of 30 years is reported and and the relevent literature is briefly reviewed.
Bleeding time, clot retraction, platelet factor 3 availability and platelet aggregation in response to ADP, epinephrine, collagen and ristocetin were studied in 12 cases of chronic leukemia which included eight of chronic myeloid leukemia, two of chronic lymphatic leukemia and two of CLL related disorders. One or more abnormalities in platelet function were detected in all the cases. Among the cases of CML, bleeding time was prolonged in one, clot retraction was impaired in one and PF3 availability was decreased in one case. Defects in platelet aggregation were variable. Among the cases of CLL and CLL related disorders, bleeding time was prolonged in two, clot retraction was impaired in one and PF3 availability was decreased in three cases. Platelet aggregation responses were significantly impaired in all the cases.
One hundred and thirty-nine cases of rhinosporidiosis diagnosed histopathologically over a period of 4 years were analysed. Nasal rhinosporidiosis is common among males who bathe in stagnant ponds while ocular rhinosporidiosis is common among urban females. There is a seasonal variation in the incidence of nasal and ocular rhinosporidiosis.
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a widely employed tool in the investigative work-up of patients with single thyroid nodules. Although its advantages are well documented, the limitations and problems in interpretation of FNAC in this condition are not well known. Experience with FNAC in 150 patients with solitary thyroid nodules is presented, highlighting the pitfalls of this technique. There was an inadequate specimen rate of 22.7% which declined with increasing experience. Follicular carcinomas could not be differentiated from follicular adenomas by cytology. Difficulties may arise in the detection of papillary carcinomas due to occult lesions, mixed papillary and follicular carcinomas or due to associated thyroid pathology. False positivity is, however, much rarer and is generally due to cellular adenomatous goitres with marked papillary activity. In view of these cytologic limitations, care must be exercised by the treating physician in interpreting cytological results.
The antifertility activity of oleanolic acid (C30H48O3), isolated from the flowers of Eugenia jambolana, was evaluated in male albino rats. The administration of the compound for 60 days decreased the fertilizing capacity of the animals without any significant changes in body weight or reproductive organ weights. The compound produced arrest of spermatogenesis but did not cause any abnormality to spermatogenic cells, Leydig interstitial cells and Sertoli cells. Oleanolic acid may prove to be a promising antifertility agent devoid of undesirable side effects.
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Proton magnetic resonance (PMR) relaxation times were measured for dissected malignant and normal tissue derived from breast cancer patients. Relaxation time measurements (T1, T2) were carried out at a RF frequency of 20 MHz and at a temperature of 27 degrees C with a Brucker PC 120 NMR Process analyser. The tissue types were confirmed by histopathological examination. In general T1 values were found to be longer for malignant tissues as compared to normal tissues which is in agreement with the earlier observations. The measured T2 values do not exhibit the malignant tissues above. The percentage of water content was also measured in both normal and malignant tissue and was found to be considerably larger in tumour tissue as compared to normal tissue. These results are discussed on the basis of two fraction fast exchange models of water molecules and confirm that PMR relaxation time measurement plays an important role in the differentiation of cancerous tissues from that of normal.
Five cases of amebiasis of the genital tract involving the cervix, vulva and penis are described. All presented as an ulcerating mass and were clinically suspected to have a tumor. In two cases the amebiasis co-existed with a carcinoma, an association which is extremely rare. The spouse of a patient with penile amebiasis was found to have amebiasis of the cervix suggesting a sexually transmitted mode of infection. The need for histopathological confirmation of all suspected genital malignancies is emphasised due to the striking resemblance of genital amebiasis to a carcinoma. The co-existence of amebiasis with carcinoma is of interest and suggests a possible etiological relationship.
A rare case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma involving the whole eye is reported in an Oriental 60-year-old man. Six months' follow-up after exenteration did not show any evidence of local recurrence or distant metastases.
The development of carcinoma in a thyroglossal cyst is rare. This report describes the presence of papillary carcinoma in a giant thyroglossal cyst and reviews the literature regarding the clinico-pathological features of the disease and its management.
A hitherto undescribed case of an osseous choristoma of the thyroid presenting as a single cold nodule is presented. The possible origin of the lesion is discussed.
Fifty benign epithelial lesions and squamous cell carcinomas of the penis were studied for specific red cell adherence (SRCA), to identify any difference in the cell surface antigens of these tumours that may explain their biologic behaviour. It was observed that 87% of benign lesions as well as 54% of squamous cell carcinomas of the penis were SRCA-positive suggesting that the SRCA test was not of sufficient specificity for differentiating benign and malignant tumours. A striking observation was that 91% of squamous cell carcinomas which had metastasized to the inguinal nodes were SRCA-negative in the primary tumour as well as the metastatic focus in the lymph nodes suggesting that the loss of cell surface antigen is associated with an aggressive potential and a tendency for invasion and spread. To our knowledge this is the first study of cell surface blood group antigens in tumours of the penis.
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