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Biomedical subjects

A Jankowski

Publications and source records attributed to A Jankowski.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Within the hemopoietic system, LAR phosphatase is a T cell lineage-specific adhesion receptor-like protein whose phosphatase activity appears dispensable for T cell development, repertoire selection and function.

Expression of the receptor-type tyrosine phosphatase LAR was studied in cells of the murine hemopoietic system. The gene is expressed in all cells of the T cell lineage but not in cells of any other hemopoietic lineage and the level of expression in T cells is developmentally regulated. The CD4(-)8(-)44(+) early thymic immigrants and mature (CD4(+)8(-)/CD4(-)8(+)) thymocytes and T cells express low levels, whereas immature (CD4(-)8(-)44(-) and CD4(+)8(+)) thymocytes express high levels of LAR. Among bone marrow cells only uncommitted c-kit(+)B220(+)CD19(-) precursors, but not B cell lineage committed c-kit(+)B220(+)CD19(+) precursors, express low levels of LAR. In contrast to the c-kit(+)B220(+)CD19(+) pre-BI cells from normal mice, counterparts of pre-BI cells from PAX-5-deficient mice express LAR, indicating that PAX-5-mediated commitment to the B cell lineage results in suppression of LAR. During differentiation of PAX-5-deficient pre-BI cell line into non-T cell lineages, expression of LAR is switched off, but it is up-regulated during differentiation into thymocytes. Thus, within the hemopoietic system, LAR appears to be a T cell lineage-specific receptor-type phosphatase. However, surprisingly, truncation of its phosphatase domains has no obvious effect on T cell development, repertoire selection or function.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Natural resistance to intracellular infections: natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1) functions as a pH-dependent manganese transporter at the phagosomal membrane.

Mutations at the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1) locus cause susceptibility to infection with antigenically unrelated intracellular pathogens. Nramp1 codes for an integral membrane protein expressed in the lysosomal compartment of macrophages, and is recruited to the membrane of phagosomes soon after the completion of phagocytosis. To define whether Nramp1 functions as a transporter at the phagosomal membrane, a divalent cation-sensitive fluorescent probe was designed and covalently attached to a porous particle. The resulting conjugate, zymosan-FF6, was ingested by macrophages and its fluorescence emission was recorded in situ after phagocytosis, using digital imaging. Quenching of the probe by Mn(2+) was used to monitor the flux of divalent cations across the phagosomal membrane in peritoneal macrophages obtained from Nramp1-expressing (+/+) and Nramp1-deficient (-/-) macrophages. Phagosomes from Nramp1(+/+) mice extrude Mn(2+) faster than their Nramp(-/-) counterparts. The difference in the rate of transport is eliminated when acidification of the phagosomal lumen is dissipated, suggesting that divalent metal transport through Nramp1 is H(+) dependent. These studies suggest that Nramp1 contributes to defense against infection by extrusion of divalent cations from the phagosomal space. Such cations are likely essential for microbial function and their removal from the phagosomal microenvironment impairs pathogenesis, resulting in enhanced bacteriostasis or bactericidal activity.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[The influence of Aronia melanocapra in experimental pancreatitis].

The administration of anthocyanin dyes from Aronia melanocarpa in the rats before the intraperitoneal injections of PAF and ceruleine have a beneficial effect on the development of the acute experimental pancreatitis. It was revealed the reduction of pancreas swelling and decreasing of lipid peroxidation and adenosine deaminase activity. The examination was carried out on 149, weighing 200-250 g, female and male Wistar rats. They lived in the animal quarters with a stable temperature and humidity being fed with standard fodder (Murigan) and water ad libitum.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

[The effect of anthocyanin dye from grapes on experimental diabetes].

In the work an effect of anthocyanins of red wine type Cabernet on the course and intensity of symptoms of the experimental diabetes in the rats has been examined. The estimation of the course of experimental diabetes was based on: determination of sugar concentration in urine and blood serum, determination of concentration of the unsaturated fatty acids peroxidation in urine and blood serum, also on the change of body mass during the experiment. The examination was carried out on 80, weighing 200-250 g, rats. They lived in the animal quarters with a stable temperature and humidity being fed with standard fodder (Murigan) with water supply in ever quantity. The rats were divided into the following four group: I--control group, II--group of animals receiving intraperitoneal streptozotocin in concentration 70 mg/kg m.c., III--group of animals receiving intragastric 10 mg/kg m.c. of natural anthocyanin dye of red wine type Cabernet, IV--group of animals receiving intraperitoneal 70 mg/kg m.c. of streptozotocin and simultaneously receiving intragastric 1 mg/kg m.c. of natural anthocyanin dye. An essential increase of glucose concentration in urine was found in the rats after streptozotocin injection. A simultaneous daily administration of anthocyanins obtained from red wine type Cabernet and streptozotocin substantially decreased sugar concentration in urine and blood serum. Those anthocyanins also inhibited loss of body mass caused by the former injection of streptozotocin. Simultaneously antocyan pigment was stated to considerably prevent generation of free oxygen radicals. The decrease of peroxidation of lipids, the measure of which was lowering of the concentration of the products of unsaturated fatty acids oxidation in urine and blood serum was also observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

A noninvasive fluorimetric procedure for measurement of membrane potential. Quantification of the NADPH oxidase-induced depolarization in activated neutrophils.

The electrogenic activity of the NADPH oxidase is associated with depolarization of the plasma membrane in activated neutrophils. The magnitude and consequences of this depolarization, however, remain unknown. Neutrophils are not amenable to electrophysiological determinations of membrane potential by current clamp. Instead, the occurrence of depolarization has been inferred from the use of potential-sensitive fluorescent dyes. However, such dyes partition into intracellular organelles and may yield erroneous results, particularly because the NADPH oxidase resides largely in secretory granules, where it has been claimed to become activated. We confirmed the intracellular generation of oxidase products using dihydrorhodamine, which is converted to the fluorescent rhodamine 123 when oxidized. Rhodamine 123 accumulated inside endomembrane organelles in both neutrophils and in differentiated HL60 cells, where it co-localized with the primary granule marker CD63. To estimate the surface membrane potential without interference from organelles, we devised a method based on the voltage-driven uptake of Mn(2+) across the plasmalemma. The uptake of Mn(2+) through calcium release-activated channels was measured as the rate of Indo-1 fluorescence quenching in thapsigargin-treated cells. The rate of Mn(2+) influx was found to vary when the membrane potential was manipulated using conductive ionophores and also when the NADPH oxidase was activated. A calibration curve in the positive potential range was constructed using the Na(+) ionophore SQI-Pr. Using this calibration, the membrane potential of phorbol ester-activated neutrophils was found to reach +58 +/- 6 mV, a sustained depolarization of over 100 mV compared with the resting potential. The depolarization was greatly diminished when the NADPH oxidase was inhibited with diphenylene iodonium. Together, these results indicate that the NADPH oxidase can generate a large depolarization of the plasmalemma, which should suffice to activate a variety of voltage-gated channels, including the outwardly rectifying H(+) conductance.

Membrane Potentials↗
PubMed1998

Determination and pharmacokinetics of acyclovir after ingestion of suspension form.

The study describes, simple, precise, sensitive and accurate HPLC assay with spectrofluorimetric detection for the determination of acyclovir in human plasma. The method was linear over a range 25 1200 ng ml(-1). The average yield in this method exceeded 80%. Limits of quantitation and detection were 25 and 10 ng ml(-1), respectively. On the basis of reported method, a single-dose of pharmacokinetics on 24 men, in two doses (200 and 400 mg) of acyclovir suspension has been investigated. Pharmacokinetic parameters obtained from both doses of the drug were compared. The linearity of acyclovir pharmacokinetics in the investigated dose ranges has been confirmed.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1998

[Treatment of varicocele with laparoscopy].

To assess the efficacy of laparoscopic techniques for the operative therapy of varicocele in children and adolescents. Thirty-two children and adolescents who underwent laparoscopic varicocelectomy, between May 1995 to December 1997 were evaluated. In all patients laparoscopic therapy was effective and no major complications occurred. The laparoscopic technique is minimally invasive operation with optimal results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Analysis of results after primary heminephrectomy in surgical treatment of duplicated pyelo-caliceal system].

AIM: Determination of the effective diagnostics and therapeutic procedures in duplicated pyelo-calyceal system with upper pole dysfunction. METHOD: Retrospective review of operative procedures and follow-up. MATERIAL: In Department of Pediatric Surgery University of Medical Sciences in Poznań (Poland), 383 children with duplicated pyelo-calyceal system were treated between 1976 and 1997. The diagnosis was based on: IVP, MCU, scintigraphy, cystoscopy, and since 1984 on US. Conservative treatment was performed in 103 (26%) children with low VOR. The most frequent surgical procedure was Politano-Leadbetter ureteroneocystostomy carried out in 167 (44%) children. Primary heminephrectomy was performed in 79 (21%) patients with complete deterioration of the upper pole of the kidney. In order to attain upper pole parenchyma protection in 34 (9%) children the following primary procedures were performed: extirpation of the ureterocele with ureteroneocystostomy of both ureters, cutaneous uretral stoma or uretero-pyeloanastomosis. RESULTS: Among 79 children with primary heminephrectomy of the duplicated system with ureterocele, secondary operation was required only in 18 patients. From 34 children with kidney parenchyma protecting procedures in 18 patients secondary heminephrectomy or nephrectomy was performed. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Primary heminephrectomy with ureterectomy with partial ureterectomy is a method of choice in the treatment of seriously deteriorated upper pole of the duplicated pyelo-calyceal system. 2. Secondary surgical procedures were required only in 25% of children in whom primary heminephrectomy was performed. 3. Primary heminephrectomy is a save procedure with a low complication rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Review of surgical treatment results for vesicoureteral reflux in children using the Politano-Leadbetter technique].

The analysis presents 622 children in the age ranged from 4 months to 14 years, operated on vesicoureteral reflux. The treatment was carried on in Department of Pediatric Surgery in Poznan between 1983 and 1992. All these children were operated on with antireflux Politano-Leadbetter technique, modified by Sarrazin, protecting reimplanted ureters with stenting catheters. Duplicated ureters were reimplanted "en bloc" according to Bettex technique, also with Sarrazin modification. Preoperative parameters included: history, radiological evaluations: voiding cystourethrogram, intravenous pyelogram or ultrasound imaging, endoscopic evaluations--cystourethroscopy (with meatal calibration in girls), laboratory blood and urine results. The reflux degree was estimated according to international classification IRSC. There were 12 (2%) children with II degree, 498 (80%) with III degree, 101 (16%) with IV degree and 11 (2%) patients with V degree reflux. In order to compare the results of operative treatment, all analyzed children were subdivided into groups: 303 (48.7%) patients with primary reflux, 77 (12%) with reflux to duplicated pyelo-ureteral systems, 17 (2.7%) with refluxing megaureters, 66 (10%) with reflux to hypoplastic kidney, 99 (15.9%) with cystic cystitis and 114 (18%) children with urethral meatal stricture. Good recovery with uncomplicated postoperative course was obtained in 606 (97.4%) patients. Early postoperative complications occurred in 16 (2.6%). In outpatient control the results of urinalysis and urine cultures, ultrasound imaging and voiding cystourethrograms were tested. Urine cultures were negative in 501 (80.5%) patients 3-4 weeks after discharge increasing to above 92% of patients 6 months after operation. In postoperative imaging control, 600 (96.5%) patients presented with normal status of upper urinary tract, in 14 (2.2%) transient dilatation of reimplanted ureters was observed and in 8 (1.3%) ureters had to be reimplanted because of secondary dilatation. After 6 months postoperative voiding cystourethrograms showed cessation of reflux in 589 (94.6%) patients, in 33 (5.2%) recurrent reflux was observed, which disappeared in 20 of them in control. In 13 patients urodynamic evaluation showed vesicourethral dysfunction, medically curable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Intravesical instillation of atropine in treatment of detrusor overactivity in children].

UNLABELLED: We present our own experiences with intravesical Atropine instillation in patients with voiding dysfunction. We used concentration of 10(-6) Atropine in 14 patients with detrusor overactivity. In 12 patients neurogenic voiding dysfunction was caused by a meningomyelocoele. In 2 dysfunction was non-neurogenic. Patients were selected on the base of urodynamic investigation in which low bladder cystometric capacity was caused by detrusor overactivity and poor bladder compliance. This type of therapy was started in patients who had not responded to oral oxybutynin therapy, had major side-effects, or oral therapy had not been possible. All were on clean intermittent catheterisation. The effects on the functional parameters were estimated in urodynamic investigations. With the aim of estimating systemic side-effects blood pressure and heart rate was monitored during Atropine infusion. RESULTS: 6 patients responded to intravesical instillation of Atropine. The increase in bladder cystometric capacity was caused by the decrease in bladder overactivity. No effect on bladder wall compliance was noted. No systemic side-effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Intravesical Atropine instillation was useful method of treatment in some patients with detrusor overactivity. 2. No systemic side effects were noted. 3. Because of limited effectiveness and low cost, this method should be considered as an alternative way of decreasing bladder overactivity.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1998

[Electrostimulation in treatment of neurogenic and non-neurogenic voiding dysfunction].

UNLABELLED: The efficiency of transcutaneous and intravesical temporary electrostimulation were evaluated in patients with neurogenic and non-neurogenic voiding dysfunction. Non-invasive electrostimulation was performed in 42 children with voiding dysfunction, at the age of 4 months to 15 years. In 5 children rectal electrode and impulse frequency of 50 Hz was used because of incompetent urethral function. In 9 children with detrusor overactivity rectal electrode and impulse frequency of 5 Hz was used. In 12 girls with discoordinated voiding electrostimulation with rectal electrode was used in biofeedback training. In one case intravesical electrostimulation was used in a girl with lazy bladder syndrome. In 15 patients with neurogenic voiding dysfunction intravesical electrostimulation was used to improve bladder sensation. The efficiency of the treatment was evaluated on the base of urodynamic investigation and patients' observations. The improvement was observed in 3 children from the group with urethral incompetence, both in urodynamic parameters and subjective patients' observations. One girl claimed no change in continence despite improvement in cystometric and profilometric testing. In one girl no change in urodynamic evaluation and continence was observed. Good results were observed in the group of 9 girls in which electrostimulation with rectal electrode was a part of the biofeedback training in discoordinated voiding. In the group of 9 children in whom electrostimulation with rectal electrode was used because of detrusor overactivity in 5 cases improvement in cystometric capacity was estimated. The estimation of usefulness of the intravesical electrostimulation in patients with neurogenic voiding dysfunction is not possible because of too short time of observation and the age of patients. We had to stop stimulation with rectal electrode in one patient because of inflammation of the skin in perineal region caused by cystitis. In two children stimulated with intravesical electrodes a new infection of urinary tract was observed. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Electrostimulation is a non-invasive, save method in the treatment of voiding dysfunction. 2. Electrostimulation with rectal electrodes is an effective method of treatment in cases of urethral incompetence, and an alternative method of treatment for detrusor overactivity. 3. Electrostimulation with rectal electrodes is an additional tool in biofeedback training of discoordinated voiding.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Staghorn calculi of the kidney and ureter as a urologic complication ina child with cerebral palsy].

UNLABELLED: We present a child with cerebral palsy, treated for renal and ureteral staghorn calculi. Calculosis was associated with neurogenic voiding dysfunction. CASE REPORT: A 10 year boy was admitted to Pediatric Surgery Clinic in Poznań because of urolithiasis. In neurologic examination four-extremities spastic paresis and convergent strabismus was found. Intellectual contact with this child was very poor. Constant urine leakage from urethra was observed. In urine analysis pH < 7, leucocytes and erythrocytes, in urine culture Proteus vulgaris > 10(5). Ultrasonography revealed three staghorn calculi in right kidney. On the plain x-ray film three calculi in right kidney and two staghorn calculi in right ureter. In urodynamic evaluation in cystometry: low bladder compliance, no detrusor overactivity, no bladder sensation, "leak point" pressure 25-27 cm H2O. In profilometry incompetent urethral closure mechanism. All stones were evacuated during one operation. Postoperative course was uneventful. Risk factors in the treatment of patients with cerebral palsy are stressed. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Dysfunction of lower urinary tract is an important clinical problem in children with cerebral palsy. 2. Voiding dysfunction could be a risk factor in the development of urinary stones. 3. In the treatment of children with cerebral palsy multispecialistic team is needed.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMed1998

[The role of psychogenic factors as a cause of urinary retention in a patient with lazy bladder syndrome].

UNLABELLED: We present a child with "Lazy Bladder Syndrome". In this case psychogenic factors appeared to play an important role in the development of the voiding dysfunction in her. This factors influenced also the course of the treatment. CASE REPORT: A 14 years old girl admitted to Paediatric Surgery Clinic in Poznań with urine retention lasting for 20 hours. The child came of the pathologic family, and did not live with its parents. In the anamnesis: irregular mictions with episodes of urine retention. In clinical examination we found only bladder reaching the umbilicus, from which after catheterisation we got 1300 ml of urine. Antibacterial agent and observation was prescribed. After next 12 hours she passed no urine and intermittent catheterisation was started. Ultrasonography was normal. In urodynamic investigation we found in voiding cystometry: high bladder compliance, low bladder sensation with F.D. at capacity of 1000 ml. With normal relaxation in the EMG, detrusor contractions were observed neither in lying nor in sitting position. There was no pathology in the cystoscopy. Consulting neurologist found no pathology. EEG was normal. Conservative treatment with intermittent catheterisation, alfa-blocker and cisapride was continued. Consulting psychiatrist prescribed Mianserin. No spontaneous miction was observed after three weeks of this conservative treatment. The girl was sent to sanatorium, where she continued therapy. After 10 day resting in sanatorium she started spontaneous micturitions. She refused further cystometric examinations. In five consecutive uroflowmetries she passed 280 to 780 ml of urine in one portion with high flow rates. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Both functional and psychogenic factors are important in the development of "Lazy Bladder Syndrome". 2. In patients with voiding dysfunction the results of urodynamic evaluation are the most important. 3. Multispecialistic team is needed in the treatment of children with "Lazy Bladder Syndrome".

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Determination and pharmacokinetics of a furosemide-amiloride drug combination.

The study presents an accurate and precise HPLC assay for the determination of furosemide and amiloride in human specimens. Both drugs were extracted from human plasma with ethyl acetate; furosemide was extracted at pH 1 and amiloride at pH 12. While chromatographic separation conditions, i.e., column, mobile phase and flow-rate were the same for both investigated drugs, furosemide was detected using a UV absorbance detector, whereas amiloride, because of its very low therapeutic range, was detected with a spectrofluorimetric detector. The linearity of the furosemide and amiloride assays were confirmed over the range of 30-3000 ng/ml and 0.5-30 ng/ml, respectively. These concentrations correspond well with the therapeutic ranges of both drugs. The extraction recoveries, depending on concentration, exceed 80% for furosemide and 74% for amiloride. The reported methods were applied to pharmacokinetic investigations of the two compounds taken in form of a drug combination.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Methods of stimulation of otolithic tract: diagnostic possibilities, critique of methods].

Our modifications of the methods of otolith organs examination were reported. One of these methods is eccentric rotation without the support of the body which was held in two groups of the persons: control group of 32 healthy persons and 48 patients with unilateral vestibular loss. The second method of otolith organs investigation was evaluation of them by producing dynamic optogravitational reactions and measuring an angle of the eyeballs deviation and time of illusion. Two groups--one consisting 102 healthy persons and second 91 persons with unilateral hearing loss were examined. It was stated that the angle of eyeballs deviation was reduced and time of illusion was longer in the group patients in comparison with healthy person.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

[The usage of nasal drops Tyzine in otorhinolaryngology].

In this research the authors presented their experiences in the treatment of non-complicated and complicated acute mucous membranous rhinitis with application of shrinking nasal drops Tyzine as a locally affective remedy assisting the therapy. The aim of this research was the estimation of the efficiency of Tyzine drops with mucous membranous rhinitis, their effect on the efficiency of the ciliary transport and stating the probable side effects occurring after their application. 80 persons were observed--60 adults who were treated with 0.1% solution oftetrazoline hydrochloride and 20 children who were given 0.05% solution. To state the condition of the ciliary transport within mucous membrane, a saccharine test was conducted with all examined persons on the 1st and 5th-7th days of treatment and on the 21st day after completing the therapy. The results of the observation seem to be positive as for as the efficiency of nasal drops Tyzine under the stipulation that the drops are reasonably applied and according to the doctor's recommendation.

Administration, Intranasal↗