Biomedical subjects

A Jendryczko

Publications and source records attributed to A Jendryczko.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

[Lipid peroxides and vitamin E in plasma and plasma lipoproteins in blood of patients with chronic hemodialysis].

To investigate a possible oxidative modifications of plasma lipoproteins in chronic hemodialyzed patients, lipid peroxide concentrations in plasma and in VLDL, LDL and HDL were investigated in 40 patients receiving regular dialysis treatment (RDT). Additionally, vitamin E in this patients was also determined. The serum and lipoprotein lipid peroxides concentrations were significantly increased in RDT in comparison with 36 healthy subjects. The concentrations of the main lipoprotein antioxidant--vitamin E were significantly lower in RDT patients. There was an inverse correlation (r = -0,767; p < 0.02) between vitamin E and peroxides concentration in LDL. Furthermore, a significant increase of lipid peroxides in LDL were observed after hemodialysis. The results indicates vitamin E deficits in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis.

Chronic Disease↗

PubMed1994

[Levels of cadmium in serum of patients with chronic renal failure].

UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was obtain answers the following questions: 1. Are serum cadmium concentrations in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) different from levels in healthy subjects? 2. Are serum concentrations of above mentioned metal different between haemodialysed and non-haemodialysed patients. 3. Are serum cadmium concentrations changing during haemodialysis? 66 patients with chronic renal failure (42 patients treated with haemodialysis and 24 non-haemodialysed patients) and 16 healthy subjects were observed. The blood samples in non-haemodialysed patients and healthy subjects were withdrawn only after cannula had been inserted into the antebrachial vein. The blood samples in haemodialysed patients were withdrawn four times: just before dialysis, during haemodialysis (in one hour of dialysis just in front of dialyser and just behind one) and after haemodialysis. Cadmium concentrations in serum in all examined group and cadmium concentrations in dialysis fluid and in demineralised water were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. No significant changes were observed in serum cadmium concentration between patients with CRF and healthy subjects. Cadmium-concentration in non-haemodialysed patients was significantly higher than in haemodialysed patients. During haemodialysis a significant increase of serum cadmium level was observed. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Serum cadmium concentration in patients with CRF and in healthy subjects are not statistically different; 2. No significant changes in cadmium concentration between uraemic group patients were found; 3. Haemodialysis influences significantly on cadmium concentration.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Modulatory properties of selenium in immune processes].

Selenium, administered in various forms, is promoted as an immunostimulating agent. However, the relationship between selenium status of the organism and the immune system is particularly complex. Taking into account the results obtained from various animal models it is now difficult to find the site or sites of selenium action on the immune system. It is not known whether selenium exerts effect on all or only on selected stages of immune response. The survey of literature which includes in vast majority experiments on various animals, shows that selenium is an immunostimulating agent only under certain conditions and in adequate concentration. Further studies have to be performed before selenium in the form of selenium yeast or in another form is a recognized immunostimulator and could be accepted for medical practice.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed1994

[Iron as yet another risk factor in heart diseases?].

The hypothesis is discussed indicating that iron present in excess is one of the factors of ischaemic heart disease. This is an alternative hypothesis to many existing hypotheses. It explains certain relationships difficult to explain according to other hypotheses. This hypothesis, suggesting reduction of iron stores in the organism as a protective mechanism against ischaemic heart disease has, apart from theoretical importance, also a practical importance since it indicates the methods of preventing this disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Bile acids from blood serum of women during normal pregnancy].

Bile acid concentrations were measured enzymatically in study of women through normal pregnancy. Mean serum bile acid levels increased significantly, from 5.3 (SD 0.9) mumol/l at 16 weeks to 7.2 (SD 1.0) mumol/l at term. Serum bile acid concentrations were greater of older women, than of younger women.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Involvement of free radicals in lead poisoning].

The following proves that free radicals are involved in lead poisoning: An enolamine form of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a haem precursor which accumulates in the body of lead poisoned patients undergoes fast autooxidation with concomitant generation of reactive oxygen species. The transmembrane potential and calcium ions fluxes of isolated rat mitochondria are strongly affected by ALA. This toxic effect is inhibited by antioxidant enzymes. Induction of antioxidant enzymes' activity was observed in lead-exposed workers.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Serum potassium levels during pregnancy.

In our study of potassium levels in normal pregnant women the mean serum potassium concentration was 5.65 (0.76) (SD) mmol/l. This level decreased with maternal age and parity and increased progressively with gestational age. The value recorded in the first trimester was 4.25 mmol/l, which increased to 5.83 mmol/l in the second trimester and to 5.95 mmol/l in the third trimester. Apart from other factors that affect serum potassium levels during pregnancy, the social status of the pregnant women was also found to influence the values, rising from 4.97 mmol/l in the case of poor women to 6.03 mmol/l in the case of civil servants. The nutritional implications of this study with respect to proper fetal development is discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

[Effect of prolonged hemodialysis therapy on activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes and leukocytes of patients with chronic renal failure].

The questions to be answered were: 1) what was the enzymatic activity of free radicals removal in patients with chronic renal failure treated with haemodialysis (CRF) and 2) what was the long-term effect of haemodialysis therapy activity of those enzymes. 51 patients with chronic renal failure treated with hemodialysis (CRF) and healthy subjects (control) were observed: in 29 patients treated with haemodialysis (HD) less than 4 years (group A); 11 patients treated with HD 4-8 years (group B); 11 patients treated with HD over 8 years (group C). Immediately before and after HD (cuprophan dialyser) blood samples were drawn and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in erythrocytes and leukocytes was measured. In healthy subjects only one estimation was made. SOD activity was measured with the Misra-Fridovich method and GPX activity in erythrocytes and leukocytes was significantly lower in uremic subjects. A significant increase of SOD activity in erythrocytes was seen in long-term HD patients. A significant positive correlation between erythrocytes SOD activity and time of HD therapy was present. During HD with cuprophan dialyser a significant decrease activity above mentioned hormones was observed. In uremic subjects treated with HD enzymatic activity of autooxidans was significantly lower than in normals. Long-term HD therapy did not influence the activity of those enzymes. Only erythrocyte SOD activity significantly rose in long-term HD patients. After haemodialysis with cuprophan dialyser a significant decrease SOD and GPX activity was observed.

Erythrocytes↗

PubMed1994

Concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in amniotic fluid and maternal and cord serum in cases of intrauterine growth retardation.

The aim of our investigation was an attempt to determine malondialdehyde concentration (MDA) in amniotic fluid as a biochemical test in prenatal diagnosis. The investigations were carried out in 56 pregnant women and their newborns in whom IUGR was diagnosed clinically. The control group consisted of 35 pregnants who had as uneventful pregnancy and normal labour. Samples of amniotic fluid were taken in the first stage of parturition (dilatation of cervical os 4-5 cm) by vaginal amniocentesis or amniotomy during cesarean section. It was found that during pregnancy complicated by IUGR, the MDA concentration in amniotic fluid was almost three times higher than in normal pregnancy (0.785 mmol/l and 0.268 mmol/l, respectively). These differences are statistically significant at p < 0.001. Thus, determination of MDA can be used as a biochemical test in parental diagnosis of IUGR.

Amniotic Fluid↗

PubMed1994

[Concentrations of lead in blood of patients with chronic renal failure].

UNLABELLED: Several groups have reported increased blood lead (Pb) concentrations in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and haemodialysed but normal concentrations were observed by the others. The present study aimed to assess: 1. Pb concentrations in patients with CRF and influence of the haemodialysis on these concentrations. 2. The influence of the erythropoietin (EPO) therapy on the Pb concentrations. 3. The influence of long-term haemodialysis therapy on the Pb concentrations. 101 patients with CRF and 23 healthy subjects were examined. Patients with CRF were divided into two groups: nonhaemodialysed (group I) and haemodialysed (group II). Group two consisted of some subgroups: treated with EPO;--without EPO therapy;--haemodialysed 1-50 months;--51-100 months and > 100 months. Creatinine, Pb, haemoglobin and haematocrit concentrations were measured in all examined patients. Significantly higher Pb concentrations in CRF patients comparing to healthy subjects were found. Among CRF patients significantly lower Pb concentrations were observed in group I and did not differ from those in the control group. After haemodialysis Pb blood concentrations significantly decreased in all examined subgroups. In EPO subgroup in comparison with CRF patients without EPO therapy lower but not significantly Pb concentrations were observed. No significant changes between short and long-term haemodialysed patients were found. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Blood lead concentrations are significantly higher in CRF patients in comparison with healthy subjects. 2. In CRF patients a slight Pb concentration decrease after haemodialysis is observed. 3. EPO treatment has no influence on Pb blood concentrations in examined patients. 4. Long-term haemodialysis treatment has only a slight influence on Pb concentrations in CRF patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Release of superoxide anions by lymphocytes in patients with chronic renal failure].

The aim of the present study was to find the answer was sought to following question: 1. is the superoxide anions release by lymphocytes after zymosan or phorbol myristate acetate stimulation elevated in patients with chronic renal failure?; 2. are there differences in superoxide anions release between groups of patients with chronic renal failure treated conventionally and those treated by haemodialysis? and 3. does dialysis with cuprophan membrane influence superoxide anions release in patients with chronic renal failure? 36 patients with chronic renal failure and 23 healthy subjects (control) were observed. All patients were divided in 2 groups: 1.12 patients conventionally treated (group 1) and 2.24 patients treated by haemodialysis (group 2). The subjects were studied in the early morning, after eight hour rest and in supine position. In patients of the group 2 blood samples were drawn immediately before and after haemodialysis. In all patients of the group 2 non-reutilized cuprophan dialysers and acetate buffer were used. In patients of the group 1 and in the controls blood samples were withdrawn only once. From the blood samples lymphocytes were isolated and stimulated by zymosan or phorbol myristate acetate. Superoxide anions release was measured using Babior method. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA test. A 95% confidence limit (p < 0.05) was used. O2.- release by lymphocytes in patients with chronic renal failure after zymosan (29,.1 +/- 1.0 nmol/min/10(7) lymphocytes) as well as phorbol myristate acetate (29.9 +/- 0.9 nmol/min/10(7) lymphocytes) was significantly higher than in healthy subjects (19.8 +/- 0.4 nmol/min/10(7) lymphocytes and 20.0 +/- 0.4 nmol/min/10(7) lymphocytes respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Increase of hemoglobin concentration in blood during the second trimester of pregnancy in relation to later pregnancy complications such as hypertension and intrauterine fetal growth inhibition].

The concentration of haemoglobin was determined during the second trimester of pregnancy in a group of 375 women. The mean haemoglobin concentration was significantly higher in women in whom during the third trimester of pregnancy. pregnancy-induced hypertension developed (p < 0.01). Similarly, the mean haemoglobin concentration during the second trimester of pregnancy was higher in women in whom intrauterine fetal growth inhibition was found during the third trimester. The highest haemoglobin concentration during the second trimester of pregnancy was observed in women in whom pregnancy-induced hypertension developed during the third trimester, together with intrauterine fetal growth inhibition.

Female↗

PubMed1993

Effects of two low-dose oral contraceptives on erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities.

The effect of a triphasic combination of ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel upon activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes was compared to that of a preparation that contained ethinyl estradiol and desogestrel on the 21st day of a control cycle, of the third cycle of treatment with ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel or ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel (14 volunteers each), and of the third cycle of a 3-month washout period. Significant decreases were found in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes with both preparations. The effect of desogestrel on the activities of the superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase is similar to that of levonorgestrel. These data suggest that low-dose oral contraceptives, by decreasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and by enhancing the lipid peroxidation, increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase in patients with colon cancer.

Erythrocyte activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was measured in 26 patients with colon cancer and in 26 sex, age, height and weight matched controls. The patient group had a lower mean GSH-Px activity than the control group (p < 0.001). No correlation was found between glutathione peroxidase activity and sex, age, height, or weight, or between glutathione peroxidase activity and duration of the disease. The inverse correlation between the activity of this enzyme and the extent of the disease may be caused by a decreased absorption of selenium from the diseased colon. The significance of decreased GSH-Px in patients with this disease is unknown, but the possibility exists that this may further increase their risk of developing colonic cancer.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Cigarette smoke exposure of school children: effect of passive smoking and vitamin E supplementation on blood antioxidant status.

Despite similar vitamin E concentrations, erythrocytes of 25 children of smoking parents had an increased tendency (p < 0.01) to peroxidize in vitro as compared with those of 28 children of nonsmoking parents. This difference was abolished by vitamin E supplementation (100 mg alpha-tocopherol acetate/day for 14 days). The increased susceptibility to erythrocyte peroxidation in the smokers may reflect lower erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities (p < 0.001, p < 0.005, and p < 0.02, respectively) in children of smoking parents. Children of smoking parents seem to be under sustained oxidant stress with increased plasma-conjugated dienes (p < 0.01) and dehydroascorbate (p < 0.002) concentrations. Total plasma cholesterol was similar in children of smoking and nonsmoking parents, and was unaffected by vitamin E supplementation. Indices of sustained oxidant stress in children of smoking parents were partially ameliorated by vitamin E supplementation.

Antioxidants↗

PubMed1993

[Unsaturated fatty acids of trans isomers in plasma of pregnant women and birth weight].

Trans unsaturated fatty acid originated from synthetic technology. Human consumption of trans isomers of unsaturated fatty acids increased markedly. The induction of growth failure was observed in animals when trans fatty acids were supplied. We studied whether or not there are indications of untoward effects of trans fatty acids in premature infants. Trans fatty acids were in higher concentrations in plasma of 23 women in pre-term delivery compared with 21 women delivering in normal term. Trans fatty acids in plasma were also inversely correlated to birth weight and with gestational age. These data indicate a impairment of intrauterine growth by trans isomer of unsaturated fatty acids.

Birth Weight↗

PubMed1993

An imbalance between the excretion of thromboxane and prostacyclin metabolites in women after the menopause.

An increase in the incidence of cardiovascular disease has generally been observed in postmenopausal women. Because thromboxane A2 is both vasoconstrictor and a potent stimulus for platelet aggregation, it may be an important mediator of atherosclerosis. Its effects are antagonized by prostacyclin. We tested the hypothesis that there may be an imbalance between the release of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin in women after menopause. We used radioimmunoassays to measure the 24-hour urinary excretion of two stable metabolites of thromboxane A2 and a metabolite of prostacyclin in 106 postmenopausal women and in 105 premenopausal women, both aged 45 to 55 years. The 24-hour excretion of 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 (a stable metabolite of thromboxane A2) was increased in postmenopausal women whereas the 24-hour excretion of 2,3-dinor-6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (a stable metabolite of prostacyclin) was decreased. Whether the imbalance in the release of these mediators is a cause or a result of atherosclerosis is unknown, but it may play a part in the development of this disorder.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗

PubMed1992

[Concentration of selenium in serum of patients with ulcerative colitis].

Selenium deficiency may be implicated in the pathogenesis of some human diseases, including colon cancer. The incidence of carcinoma of the colon is increased in patients with ulcerative colitis. We measured the serum concentration of selenium in 22 patients with ulcerative colitis and 22 sex-, age-, height and weight-matched controls. Although no significant difference was found in mean serum selenium between patients and controls (patients: 0.92 mumol/l, controls: 0.79 mumol/l), the serum selenium level decreased with increasing extension of the disease. The differences between serum selenium concentrations in patients with proctitis-sigmoiditis, left-sided colitis and pan-colitis were statistically significant. No correlation was found between serum selenium concentrations and the sex, age, height, or weight of the patients. The inverse correlation between serum selenium concentration and the extension of the disease may be caused by a decreased absorption of selenium from the diseased colon in ulcerative colitis.

Adult↗