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Biomedical subjects

A K Gruzdev

Publications and source records attributed to A K Gruzdev.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Use of nitroglycerin in the treatment of patients with myocardial infarct].

The effect of the intravenous administration of nitroglycerin on the general course of myocardial infarction as well as on such syndromes as acute left ventricular insufficiency, progressive congestive cardiac failure and the recurring painful syndrome was studied. The assessment of the effect of the drug was carried out in relation to its capacity to limit the extension of myocardial infarction and regulate the blood supply to the organs. The data on the frequency and nature of side-effects following nitroglycerin administration are presented. The conclusion is drawn as to the advisability of the drug employment in patients in the acute period of myocardial infarction when it is indicated as well as on the necessity of predicting adverse hemodynamic response to nitroglycerin with the help of suggested diagnostic tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Comparative evaluation of the effect of nitroglycerin, sodium nitroprusside and phentolamine on hemodynamics and myocardial contraction during coronary occlusion in the dog].

Acute experiments on 27 dogs were conducted to examine the effect of intravenous nitroglycerin, sodium nitroprusside and phentolamine on the hemodynamics and regional contractility of the left ventricle under conditions of experimental coronary occlusion. Nitroglycerin was the most effective agent versus the other drugs in decreasing the elevated diastolic pressure in the left ventricle whereas sodium nitroprusside showed the most pronounced hypotensive effect in relation to systemic arterial pressure. All these drugs produced indirect favourable chrono- and inotropic effects especially marked with phentolamine. The effect of nitroglycerin and sodium nitroprusside on the cardiac output may vary to a great extent: a decrease in the stroke volume occurred in the presence of the remaining high degree of peripheral vascular resistance and a fall in the elevated and diastolic pressure in the left ventricle, an increase in the stroke volume was observed in the case of a considerable drop in the overall peripheral vascular resistance and the persisting endodiastolic overburden of the left ventricle.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of combination of inderal with nitrites on the contractile function of the heart in experimental coronary occlusion].

In acute experiments on 29 dogs with coronary occlusion changes in cardiohaemodynamics, epicardial electrogram and the regional contractility of the myocardium were studied with the aid of echocardiography after combined administration of inderal with nitroglycerin or sodium nitroprusside. It was established that under these conditions nitrites retain their ability to decrease the load on the heart: they decrease the end diastolic pressure and the volume of the cavity of the left ventricle, enhance the productivity of the heart Nitrites given with inderal do not change the contractility of the ischemized area and also do not affect the magnitude of the rise of ST segment of the epicardium electrogram of the ischaemic zone. It is concluded that the use of nitrites in acute myocardial ischaemia combined with inderal is justified to decrease congestive insufficiency of the heart, excepting cases with marked hypotension.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1982

[Contractility of ischemic and intact regions of the myocardium during experimental occlusion of the coronary vessels].

In acute experiments on 32 dogs the authors studied the time course of the contractile function of the myocardium after coronary occlusion in the area of ischaemia and in segments of the left ventricle far removed from the ischaemic zone. Local contractility was studied with the aid of M-echographic method through changes in the thickness of the ventricular wall during the contraction. As a result of experimental investigation the authors distinguish 3 types of myocardial asynergy: hypokinesia, hypokinesia with elements of dyskinesia in the initial part of the ejection period and dyskinesia. A quantitative assessment of the degree of asynergy is offered on the strength of the amplitude of movement of the ischemized wall, percentage of its maximum systolic thickening and the local phase structure of the myocardial contraction. The most sensitive index of the state of general contractility of the left ventricle after limited ischaemia of the myocardium proved to be the end diastolic pressure and the ratio between the stroke work of the left ventricle and the end diastolic pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Noninvasive diagnosis of mitral insufficiency due to chordal rupture].

The paper describes the main signs of the rupture of chordae tendineae as a cause of mitral incompetence. The main place is given to the echocardiographic signs of this syndrome. The rupture of chordae tendineae is characterized by a certain combination of symptoms including the etiological factors of rupture, the clinical picture of cardiac insufficiency, a tendency to atrial fibrillation, auscultative picture of papillochordal insufficiency and the typical echocardiographic signs of this condition.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Comparative evaluation of cardiac output in the acute period of macrofocal myocardial infarct according to the methods of dye dilution technic and echocardiography].

Seventy-eight simultaneous studies of the stroke volume value by the method of dye dilution and by echography were conducted in 28 males on the first to tenth day of macrofocal myocardial infarction. Despite the satisfactory correlation of the stroke volume values obtained by both methods in the whole group (r=0.71), the authors note a difference in the correlation depending on the localization of infarction and the kinetic condition of the diseased and the intact zones. The authors believe that the echocardiogrphic method is not reliable in determining the volumetric values in patients with macrofocal myocardial infarction since it misrepresents the true value of the stroke volume though it reflects the general trend of changes in the hemodynamic indices. Echocardiography yields essential supplementary information on the state of the left ventricular pumping function and the mechanisms of its compensation in the acute period of myocardial infarction.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Echocardiographic study of the contractile function of the affected and intact areas in the acute period of macrofocal myocardial infarct].

Daily echocardiographic examination was conducted of 31 patients in the acute period of macrofocal myocardial infarction with anteroseptal and posterior localization of left ventricular affection. The hemodynamic indices were determined and regional contractility both in the zone of infarction and in areas opposite the infarction was studied. The authors point to the possibility of partial restoration of the contractility of the wall in the zone of disturbed circulation beginning with the third day of the disease. In the absence of signs of partial restoration of regional contractility in the zone of affection the prognosis is much worse. It is concluded that the hemodynamic disorders in the acute period of macrofocal myocardial infarction are determined by the size of the affected area, the possibility of partial restoration of contractility in the zone of impaired circulation and by the compensatory reserves of areas remote from the infarction.

Adult↗