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Biomedical subjects

A Kakar

Publications and source records attributed to A Kakar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Gangrenous sigmoid volvulus: a clinical study of 76 patients.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study investigated the clinical picture of gangrenous sigmoid volvulus presented by Indian patients to describe the various patterns of gangrene and to identify the risk factors leading to the very high mortality from this disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A structured protocol including nine parameters was used to study risk factors in 76 patients treated at two major teaching hospitals in India. The clinical picture of patients at the two hospitals did not differ significantly. RESULTS: Contrary to expectations, we found gangrene in 26% of cases extending beyond the area of constriction into the rectum/descending colon. This extension was sometimes patchy and had an ill defined line of demarcation, which may lead to an error in judgment and cause a failure of anastomosis, which can be fatal. Risk factors were age over 60 years, the presence of shock on admission and a history of previous episodes of volvulus. CONCLUSION: This study identified three risks for survival. It is suggested that all patients with nongangrenous sigmoid volvulus undergo a recurrence-prevention procedure immediately or electively. We also found that extension of gangrene beyond the confines of the constriction is not uncommon, calling for caution on the part of the treating surgeon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula presenting as multiple brain abscess.

Pulmonary arteriovenous fisula is a rare condition in which there is abnormal connection between pulmonary arteries and veins. We describe this condition is an 18-year-old male who presented with cyanosis, clubbing, polycythemia and multiple brain abscesses. The patient was diagnosed as pulmonary arteriovenous fistula based on CT scan and on pulmonary angiography. The patient had a complete recovery after surgical drainage of brain abscess and excision of right upper lobe. After one year of follow up, there are no symptoms and there is complete reversal of cyanosis and polycythemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Torsade de pointes probably induced by sparfloxacin.

Sparfloxacin is a new fluoroquinolone with potent antitubercular activity. We report a case of a 37 year old female who was on this drug as part of modified antitubercular therapy and developed torsade de pointes on this drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Profound thrombocytopenia in Plasmodium vivax malaria.

In India, malaria is endemic and commonly caused by Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum. Thrombocytopenia is a common finding in falciparum infection but is rare in P. vivax infection. We report profound thrombocytopenia in a 43-year-old female patient due to P. vivax infection. The platelet count was as low as 5 x 10(9)/liter, such severe thrombocytopenia has never been reported in vivax malaria.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Role of radionuclide perfusion study in cold solitary thyroid nodule for diagnosis of malignancy: a complimentary diagnostic modality to fine needle aspiration cytology.

One hundred and forty eight subjects with euthyroid solitary thyroid nodules (STN) were taken up for radionuclide perfusion study. They were found to have a cold STN on 99mTc thyroid static scan. All had fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), and except for subjects with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, were subjected to surgery for tissue diagnosis by histopathology. The diagnostic findings in these patients of solitary thyroid nodules were correlated with the histopathology. Radionuclide perfusion study is considered useful to differentiate benign from malignant cold thyroid solitary nodules with high degree of sensitivity (95%) and specificity (87.9%).

Adolescent↗