PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Laue

Publications and source records attributed to A Laue.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Effects of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acids on survival of Oesophagostomum dentatum in pigs.

The direct influence of intracaecal infusion of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and lactic acids (LA) on already established Oesophagostomum dentatum infection in cannulated pigs was investigated. We tested the hypothesis that the previously discovered anti-parasitic effect of inulin is mediated through its metabolic products SCFA and LA by infusing into cannulated pigs these compounds in amounts approximating to those produced in the pigs large intestine and caecum during the metabolism of inulin. The experiment comprised of 18 pigs--2 groups of 9 pigs in each. The normal diet used in the experiment was based on barley flour with insoluble fibre from oat husk with added soybean meal, vitamins and minerals. After 2 weeks of adaptation to the diet all the pigs were inoculated with 6,000 infective larvae of O. dentatum. Six weeks later, surgery on all pigs was performed to install cannulas into caeci. At 7 weeks post-infection (p.i.) the SCFA and LA infusion was initiated in Group 1 (experimental) pigs; at the same time pigs in Group 2 (controls) were infused with saline. At week 10 p.i., all pigs were killed and their worm burdens determined. SCFA and LA infused pigs exhibited markedly reduced fecal egg counts and worm recoveries (98 and 92% reduction, respectively, compared to saline controls). The results from this study demonstrate that SCFA and LA have a significant negative influence on established O. dentatum infection in growing pigs. The results also show that the type of dietary carbohydrates fed and its intestinal degradation can yield metabolic by products that profoundly influence helminth survival.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Distribution of 125I-endothelin-1,-2,-3 binding sites in mammalian kidneys.

1. Binding sites for 125I-labeled endothelin (ET) isopeptides ET-1, ET-2 and ET-3 were visualized by autoradiography in the kidneys of man, baboon, rhesus monkey, tree shrew, pig and rat. 2. Highest levels of binding for the three isoforms were observed in the glomeruli, cortical and medullary vessels of baboon, rhesus monkey, pig and rat, whereas there was no noticeable labeling of glomeruli in human and tree shrew kidneys. 3. The enrichment of binding sites depended on the species and peptide investigated, suggesting different affinities and/or densities of a heterogenous population of renal ET receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Localization and quantification of [125I]-endothelin binding sites in human fetal and adult kidneys--relevance to renal ontogeny and pathophysiology.

Endothelins, 21 amino acid peptides, produced by endothelial cells are potent vasoconstrictors and mitogens. According to experimental studies in animals, endothelins seem to be involved in the regulation of renal hemodynamics. In order to gain insight into its potential effects in man, a quantitative analysis of its binding sites was performed in human kidneys. Because of the proliferative action of endothelin in cell culture we also compared binding sites in fetal and adult kidneys. Binding sites for [125I]-endothelin-1,2,3 were visualized by in-vitro autoradiography and quantified by densitometry. In both adult and fetal tissue, specific binding sites occurred in the cortex, medulla, and renal vessels. Unlabeled endothelins and sarafotoxin, a peptide with a high sequence homology to endothelins, inhibited [125I]-endothelin-1 binding with IC50 in the 9.8 to 0.023 nM range, whereas unrelated peptides (angiotensin II, atrial natriuretic peptide) and the calcium antagonist nitrendipine failed to compete for [125I]-endothelin-1 binding sites. Linear Scatchard analysis revealed that the number of binding sites (expressed per tissue equivalent: TE) were consistently higher in fetal than in adult kidneys, while affinities did not differ significantly in cortex, medulla, and vessels (fetal/adult: cortex KD 43.4 +/- 19.6/55.9 +/- 16.7 nM; BMax 13.5 +/- 7.8/2.7 +/- 1.3 fmol/mg TE; medulla KD 26.3 +/- 10.9/34.6 +/- 7.4 nM; BMax 10.1 +/- 0.9/3.7 +/- 1.1 fmol/mg TE; vessels KD 41.1 +/- 22.9/23.7 +/- 8.1 nM; BMax 12.9 +/- 3.9/4.1 +/- 1.2 fmol/mg TE). Medullary capillaries and veins showed strong binding in human and rat kidneys which may be important for the pathophysiology of acute renal failure. Human adult and fetal glomeruli had only a few binding sites. This contrasts to findings in the rat kidney in which glomeruli have a high concentration of endothelin binding sites; although this does not role out an influence per se, it does point out the need to subject the assumption of a relevant glomerular effect of endothelin in man to closer scrutiny. The diffuse and strong binding in fetal kidney may indicate a role for endothelin in the process of renal maturation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[HLA and thyroid cancer].

HLA typing was performed in 51 patients to analyse the pathogenetic background of differentiated and medullary thyroid carcinomas. A higher incidence of Bw62 and DR5 was observed in patients with papillary carcinoma (n = 24), DRw6 antigen in follicular carcinoma (n = 13), and DR3 antigen in patients with medullary carcinoma (n = 11). The DR3 antigen was present in one of two patients with a familial history of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Therefore, HLA typing is not suitable as a screening method for the detection of early thyroid carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Leucocyte scanning: preparation and labelling of leucocytes with 111-Indium oxide and its clinical application.

A method for the concentration of leucocytes from blood and labelling of the separated cells with 111-Indium oxine is described. This method guaranteed a good preparation. On average there were 64.8% of leucocytes from the blood in the concentrate. The yield of the labelling averaged 93%. Seventy-two patients from various departments were examined to test the clinical application of the labelled leucocytes in the diagnosis of inflammatory diseases. The results obtained led to the formulation of six indications for the appropriate application of leucocyte scanning in everyday clinical routine.

Adolescent↗