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Biomedical subjects

A Libretti

Publications and source records attributed to A Libretti.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Captopril in the treatment of hypertension associated with claudication.

The effect of captopril was studied in 40 hypertensive patients (WHO stages I and II) with peripheral vascular disease of the lower limbs (Fontaine stages IIa and IIb). We assessed systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, heart rate in supine and upright position, relative and absolute pain free intervals, and ankle/arm pressure index at rest and after treadmill exercise test. In the first part of the study 20 patients were divided into two groups, one of which was treated with chlorthalidone (25 mg/day) and the other with captopril (50 mg two times a day) for 8 weeks. Statistically significant improvements were only obtained in the captopril-treated group. They concerned the ankle/arm pressure index at rest (P less than 0.05) and after exercise (P less than 0.05) and the absolute pain free interval (P less than 0.05) as well as systolic arterial pressure. Furthermore, 20 more patients were treated with captopril (50 mg two times a day) for 8 weeks, and improvements were found in ankle/arm pressure index at rest (P less than 0.01) and after exercise (P less than 0.001) and in relative and absolute pain free intervals (P less than 0.001) as well as in systolic and diastolic arterial pressure. These results indicate an increase in flow to the limbs of patients with vascular disease treated with captopril, and suggest that captopril is an effective drug without contraindications for the treatment of hypertension associated with claudication.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1985

Controlled clinical trial of cadralazine as a second-step drug in the treatment of hypertension.

The antihypertensive efficacy of a new long-lasting vasodilator, cadralazine, and the diuretic chlorthalidone have been compared in hypertensive patients receiving concurrent treatment with atenolol. After a 4-week run-in period with atenolol alone 100 mg/day, two groups of 10 patients whose diastolic blood pressure exceeded 100 mm Hg were given for a period of 65 days either cadralazine 15 mg/day or chlorthalidone 25 mg/day, according to a randomized, double-blind, between-patients design. Compared to atenolol alone, both cadralazine and chlorthalidone induced a statistically and clinically significant decrease in blood pressure. The antihypertensive effect did not differ significantly between groups. Good compensation of the atenolol-induced decrease in heart rate was obtained with cadralazine, whereas during atenolol + chlorthalidone treatment at times the standing heart rate was significantly lower than during treatment with atenolol + cadralazine. Side-effects, many of which were already present during atenolol treatment, occurred with a similar frequency in both groups. It is concluded that atenolol + cadralazine and atenolol + chlorthalidone are equally well tolerated, acceptable and effective in the treatment of hypertension, but that further studies are warranted to explore the potential haemodynamic advantages of the cadralazine + atenolol combination.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1985

Ventilatory response to carbon dioxide and to isometric muscle contraction after administration of placebo, propranolol, mepindolol and salbutamol.

Healthy males (23-29 years) volunteered as subjects. We studied the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide and to isometric exercise (50% of maximum voluntary contraction) after administration of propranolol (20 mg), mepindolol (5 mg), salbutamol (20 mg) and placebo (single dose orally). The increase of pulmonary ventilation (VE) activated by central (CO2) and reflex stimulus (hand-grip) did not differ statistically between the four drugs. Analysis of VE in terms of inspiratory drive (Vt/Ti) and timing ratio (Ti/Ttot) showed that during CO2 stimulation mepindolol and salbutamol increased VE predominantly by the increase of Vt/Ti, presumably through the direct stimulation on the respiratory center. During rebreathing, Ti/Ttot increased significantly after administration of placebo and propranolol, so VE increased by a rise of Vt/Ti and by an increase of an effective 'timing component' (Ti/Ttot). Propranolol does not modify the ventilatory response to CO2 and hand-grip when VE is analyzed in terms of Vt/Ti and Ti/Ttot.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Captopril for the treatment of patients with hypertension and peripheral vascular disease.

Many epidemiological studies have shown up the frequent association of arterial hypertension (HT) with atherosclerosis of different localizations. However, many of the drugs used to treat HT are contraindicated in patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD), because they cause unfavorable metabolic changes or vasoconstriction. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of a proven hypotensive drug, captopril, on the peripheral circulation. The drug appeared to be effective in improving blood flow to lower limbs, prolonging the pain. Free interval and increasing the angle/arm arterial pressure index.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Validity of out-patient screening in arteriosclerosis to identify multiple lesions.

A total of 594 patients admitted for cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and for peripheral vascular disease (PVD), were examined in a study aimed at clarifying by a simple, inexpensive out-patient method, a) the relationship existing between the different locations of the vascular disease: brain, lower limbs, coronaries; b) the prevalence in the patients studied of risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and diabetes, and of migraine. The results were as follows: a) of the patients admitted for CVD, 44% also presented arteriosclerosis in other locations; this figure was 32% for PVD cases; b) hypertension was found in 38.5% of CVD and 27% of PVD cases; diabetes in 11.5% of CVD and in 18% of PVD cases; hyperlipidaemia in 31% of CVD and 24% of PVD cases; migraine in 11% of CVD and 1% of PVD cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Temporal analysis of blood pressure by ambulatory 24 H blood pressure monitoring.

In order to study the circadian rhythm of BP in man, we performed 24-hour non invasive BP on 15 hospitalized patients. Each subject was monitored twice, with an interval of 24-48 h between the two monitorings. In 14 of the 15 subjects MBP showed a statistically significant circadian rhythm. The curve fitted by the single cosinor method to the mean of the first rhythmometric measurements performed on all 15 subjects was characterized by an acrophase at 12.53, an amplitude of 4.68 mmHg and a mesor of 87.49 mmHg. The same parameters for the second rhythmometric measurements were: acrophase at 13.57, amplitude 4.1 mmHg and mesor 88.35 mmHg. In both cases, overall circadian rhythm resulted to be similar in all the subjects (p less than 0.01). Multivariate analysis of variance showed that each subject has his own characteristic circadian rhythm. Our findings support the hypothesis of a identifiable circadian rhythm of BP in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24 h), basal blood pressure and left ventricular echocardiographic findings in young adults.

Left ventricular (LV) echocardiography and ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure (BP) were performed in 50 normal 20-year-old subjects previously followed longitudinally for 4 years with annual measurements of basal BP (BBP). The relationship of basal, casual and mean 24-h non-invasive ambulatory BP (ABP) with echo findings, blood chemistries and body fatness was evaluated. Subjects with mean BBP on the 4 years above the 85th percentile showed significantly higher blood levels of urea and glucose and of body fat than subjects below this BP level. Left ventricular echo measurements did not differ in the two groups. Left ventricular diameters and volumes were not correlated with basal, casual or ambulatory BP. Interventricular septum (IVS), LV posterior wall (LVPW) and LV mass were correlated with ambulatory systolic but not with basal or casual BP. A significant increase of wall thickness and LV mass was associated with a mean 24-h ambulatory systolic BP (ASBP) above 129 mmHg. It is concluded that random BP and ABP tend to identify hypertensive subjects with different features.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Flunarizine in the treatment of arteriopathies of the legs].

Flunarizine, a long-acting calcium antagonist, was studied in patients with peripheral vascular disease in order to assess its effects on blood viscosity, erythrocyte deformability, platelet activity and some clinical parameters. A randomized double-blind study was performed; all patients were given a standard diet, invited to abstain from smoking and to carry out a regular daily exercise (walking). After a 2-month run-in period the patients were divided into two groups: one was treated with flunarizine 10 mg/day and the other with placebo. The group treated with flunarizine presented marked and significant reduction of erythrocyte filtration time and blood viscosity and an improvement of the treadmill-free interval with a correlation between the parameters considered.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Polarographic assay of submicrogram quantities of cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum (II) in biological samples.

Differential pulse polarographic assay of the antineoplastic agent cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum II and its analogues was performed after acid oxidative hydrolysis (HClO4, HNO3, HCl) of biological samples (plasma, tissue homogenates, urine) and reaction with ethylenediamine. Platinum levels and kinetics were determined in blood and urine of patients with non-oat-cell lung carcinoma. Detection limit of the polarographic assay was 0.5 ng platinum; analytical error was +/- 3%. Levels of free cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum (II) in plasma fell in samples stored at -20 degrees C; the half-life of free drug was 38 h.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMed1983

Cadralazine (ISF 2469): dose-related antihypertensive activity after single oral administration to patients.

Cadralazine (ISF 2469) was administered to 24 hypertensive patients in single oral doses of 7.5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 mg, according to a single-blind, placebo-controlled, within-patient change-over design. The study was done in 2 stages: in the first a range including the upper and lower doses was studied (7.5, 15, 30 mg and placebo), and in the second the range of doses was restricted (10, 15, 20 mg and placebo). The drug produced a significant decrease in blood pressure in the supine and standing positions. The decrease became clinically important starting from the 15 mg dose. Its action was still significant 12 h after administration. A significant increase in heart rate was also observed. All the effects were correlated with the dose. Side effects occurred mainly after the 30 mg dose. Thus, cadralazine, in a single oral dose in man, showed good antihypertensive activity starting from the 15 mg dose, and its effect was dose-related, slow in onset and long-lasting.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Indenolol in hypertension.

After a complete washout 14 hypertensive inpatients were given placebo for 3 days. Undistinguishable 30- or 60-mg indenolol tablets were then given twice daily for 14 days in a double-blind, randomized manner. Supine and standing arterial pressure and heart rate were measured at rest three times a day. Indenolol decreased systolic and diastolic arterial pressure as well as heart rate in subjects in supine and standing positions. Placebo had no effect. The effect of indenolol on systolic arterial pressure was dose and time related, but independent of the intensity of hypertension. No dose-effect relationship was found on diastolic arterial pressure. Decrease of heart rate was dose and time related, although bradycardia was never noted. Indenolol was well tolerated.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Multicenter evaluation of mepindolol and of mepindolol plus hydrochlorothiazide in essential hypertension.

The effect on systolic (SAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial blood pressure of 5 mg mepindolol daily vs 12.5 mg hydrochlorothiazide daily vs 5 mg mepindolol plus 12.5 mg hydrochlorothiazide daily was evaluated in this multicenter study. After a 2-week washout period with placebo, 138 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension (WHO Class I and II), homogeneous for age and blood pressure values, were randomly allocated to one of the three treatment groups. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were obtained at the beginning and at the end of the washout placebo period, and after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of active treatment. At the beginning and at the end of the study, all patients underwent a thorough clinical and laboratory evaluation, including blood chemistry, electrocardiogram, and chest roentgenogram. A trend toward normalization of blood pressure was defined as a lowering of DAP to 90 mmHg or at least a 10-mmHg decrease from the control value. Statistical analysis was performed on all the data. After 6 weeks of treatment, SAP and DAP values were significantly reduced in 67% of the patients in all groups. In 71% of patients on mepindolol plus hydrochlorothiazide a particularly more marked decrease in DAP was observed. Mepindolol was well tolerated: side effects were generally mild and inconsequential. The results show that mepindolol, given as a single oral dose of 5 mg, is an effective agent in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension. Because of its efficacy, the advantage of single daily administration, and lack of important side effects, it can increase compliance to therapy. Moreover the association of mepindolol plus hydrochlorothiazide appears to be safe and effective.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1981

Plasma and tissue distribution of adriamycin in patients with pelvic cancer.

The levels of adriamycin in plasma, ascitic fluid and normal and neoplastic tissues sampled during surgery of 3 patients with advanced pelvic cancer were measured by fluorimetry. The highest content of fluorescent compounds was found in tumoral masses in necrotic or scarcely viable tissue; viable and invasive tumor areas scored fluorescence levels comparable with normal adnexa. Ascitic fluid contained levels of fluorescence comparable to the last observed phase of plasma levels. Adipose and cutaneous tissue scored the lowest concentrations.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Adrenal cortex extract in the supportive therapy of neoplasm patients].

A high-title (2000 UCD) adrenal cortex extract was used in the support management of 30 neoplastic patients. Evaluation was based on performance status (PS) according to Karnofsky and symptom incidence before and after the treatment. PS improved in 30%. There was a marked reduction in asthenia and anorexia, with significant changes in headache, nausea, and vomiting. Blood pressure, heart rate, and the blood chemistry picture were not altered.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1981

[Juvenile hypertension. Results of a study in high school in Milan (author's transl)].

Blood pressure has been measured in a cohort of 2300 high school students of Milan (14-15 years old) for two years on end. The prevalence of "borderline hypertension" was 11.5% at the first examination and 8.5% at the second. The values of blood pressure were decreased, in every measurement, after a year from the initial screening especially in "borderline hypertensives". This study has confirmed that the "borderline hypertension" in subjects 14-15 aged is a transient phenomenon, but the incidence of "stable hypertension" as been found higher significantly in "borderline hypertensives" than normotensives. The results are discussed.

Adolescent↗