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Biomedical subjects

A Mód

Publications and source records attributed to A Mód.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Antibodies to primate retrovirus antigens in circulating immune complexes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Circulating immune complexes were isolated from sera of 8 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in relapse, and 20 healthy blood donors. F(ab')2 fragments were prepared from the isolated complexes. Using a radioimmunoassay (RIA), these F(ab')2 fragments, the undigested complexes and the original sera were examined for the presence of antibodies against a panel of primate retrovirus antigens: gp70, p15 and p30 of gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV) and baboon endogenous virus (BaEV). F(ab')2 fragments derived from the immune complexes of all patients reacted with one or more of the antigens tested, whereas no antibody activity was found in the sera or undigested immune complexes of the same patients. By a competitive RIA, antigens related to GaLV and/or BaEV were found in the serum of 7 out of 8 patients. No markers of these retroviruses were detected in the F(ab')2 preparations, in immune complexes or in sera of any of the 20 control subjects. Our results indicate that a part of the circulating immune complexes in AML contain antigens related to primate retroviruses and specific antibodies to these antigens.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Serial complement measurements in patients with leukaemia.

Haemolytic activity of the classical and alternative pathways and the levels of C4, C3 and factor B were serially measured in 153 serum samples of 41 patients with different types of leukaemia (9 AML, 14 ALL, 10 CML and 8 CLL). In parallel, the concentration of circulating immune complexes (CIC) was estimated using two methods, the complement consumption assay and the Clq-solubility test. Different complement profiles were found in different types of leukaemia. In AML, each complement parameter tested was elevated as compared to the control values (sera of healthy blood donors). Similar results were observed in ALL, although the differences were less marked. In CML, dissociation of the classical and alternative pathway activities was found: activities of the classical pathway and C4 were significantly elevated, whereas activity of the alternative pathway as well as C3 and factor B concentration did not differ significantly from the control values. In CLL, normal or slightly depressed complement levels were found. The concentration of circulating immune complexes measured by both methods was significantly increased as compared to control values. No significant positive or negative correlations were found between the complement levels and the immune complex concentrations determined in the same sera. An association between the clinical course of acute leukaemia and the complement levels was observed: significantly elevated complement titres were found in the blastic stage of the disease, whereas in remission normal values were recorded. The results of complement measurements performed in serum samples obtained before and after combination chemotherapy were compared on 32 occasions. In parallel to a significant decrease in the absolute number of blast cells in the peripheral blood, a normalization of the increased complement levels was observed after treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Alpha-1-antitrypsin-induced inhibition of complement-dependent phagocytosis.

In a previous investigation, inhibition of complement-dependent rosette formation by alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) was observed, and it was demonstrated that alpha 1-AT interacts through its carbohydrate portion with C3 and its fragments. In the present study, the effect of alpha 1-AT on the complement-receptor-mediated phagocytosis by human peripheral blood monocytes was examined. Purified alpha 1-AT inhibited in a dose-dependent manner phagocytosis of C3-carrying yeast particles. Inhibition was selective, concerned only C3-receptor-mediated phagocytosis, neither Fc-receptor-mediated phagocytosis nor uptake of untreated yeast particles was blocked by alpha 1-AT. It was demonstrated that alpha 1-AT towards C3 and fragments of C3 was not mediated by its antiprotease effect, but by its carbohydrate moiety. This finding suggests that alpha 1-AT may have an impact on various immune functions involving complement receptors.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1981

[Serial tests of the change in concentration of circulating immune complexes in healthy subjects and in tumor patients].

Authors performed by using various tests serial examinations of the circulating immune complex (IC) concentration in healthy persons, untreated rats, as well as in patients with multiple myeloma or leukemia, and in immunocytoma bearing rats. A characteristic fluctuation of the IC values has been observed in the untreated rats and the healthy persons. The discrepant IC values obtained in the identical sample with the different tests suggest the heterogeneity of IC components. As compared to healthy individuals a significantly higher fluctuation of IC values has been found characteristic in immunocytoma. Authors analyzed the composition of IC and discussed the possible importance of the tumor specific antigens and the natural antibodies reacting with them.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Plasmapheresis in patients with leukaemia, multiple myeloma and immune complex diseases.

Therapeutical partial plasma exchange was performed on 9 patients with acute leukaemia, 14 patients with monoclonal and polyclonal gammopathies and 3 with primarily immune complex disease. The procedure was effective in 21 out of the 27 courses performed on patients with gammopathies and in all cases of the primarily immune complex diseases. In acute leukaemic patients the course of the disease was favourably influenced by plasmapheresis. The results show that partial plasma exchange is an effective adjunct therapy in the treatment of patients with haematological diseases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Serial measurement of circulating immune complexes in the sera of patients with leukaemia.

The occurrence of circulating immune complexes was studied in 220 sera of 86 patients with leukaemia. Three tests were used in parallel: the 125I-C1q-binding assay, the complement consumption test and C1q solubility test. Positive results in at least two assays were found in 64% of the patients and in 88% of the 32 serially investigated patients. An association was found between the elevated immune complex level and the blastic phase of the disease. A fluctuation of the immune complex level-independent of the clinical course of leukaemia-could also be demonstrated. The peaks of these types of fluctuations obtained by the different tests did not coincide on several occasions. These findings suggest that the composition of immune complexes changes in the course of the disease.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1980

Studies on the composition and elimination of circulating immune complexes in leukaemia.

Longitudinal studies for the detection of circulating immune complexes (CIC-s) were performed in leukaemic patients using three methods in parallel. Results of these studies indicated that immune complexes in leukaemia are heterogeneous and their composition changes in the course of the disease. These results were supported by the changes in the concentration of a complement component (C1) and in the IgG subclasses in the immune complex-enriched fraction prepared by polyethylene glycol precipitation from different serum samples of individual patients with leukaemia. CIC-s from leukaemic patients are normally engulfed by granulocytes of healthy donors. The phagocytic capacity of leukaemic blast cells is hampered. The phagocytic activity through Fc and C3 receptors of peripheral mononuclear cells of leukaemic patients did not run parallel. On the basis of these studies it may be surmised that the total phagocytic capacity of the leukaemic patients cannot keep pace with the increased rate of immune complex formation.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1977

Cell surface markers in chronic lymphotic leukaemia.

Surface markers were applied for the study of the peripheral lymphocyte population in chronic lymphotic leukaemia. The proportion of B-lymphocytes recognized by EAC-rosetting and by surface-bound Ig was found higher in chronic lymphotic leukaemia than in normal controls. On the other hand, the E-rosette test revealed a very low proportion of T-cells. No relationships were demonstrable between the surface markers and the clinical features.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1977

The treatment of infections in granulocytopenic patients with granulocyte transfusions.

Twenty-three severely neutropenic patients were given 31 courses of ABO and HL-A compatible granulocyte-rich plasma transfusions between 1974--76 at the National Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion. The criteria for the effectiveness of therapy were disappearance of fever and survival for over 3 weeks after granulocyte transfusion. Of the 28 evaluated cases granulocyte transfusions were effective in 16 and ineffective in 12 cases. The effectiveness of granulocyte transfusion was favourably influenced by early introduction of therapy, and continuation for several days.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1976

Combination chemotherapy in adults with acute leukaemia.

Ten patients with ALL and 35 with AML received combination chemotherapy at out Institute during the period 1972 - 1975. Patients with ALL were treated according to the L-2 protocol, those with AML according to the L-2, MRC 5/A, MRC 5/B and TRAP protocols. Nine of the 10 patients with ALL entered complete remission, and median survival time of these patients was 9.2 months. Four of the 35 patients with AML achieved complete, 13 partial remission. Median survival in this group was 4 months. Infection and bleeding represented the most frequent and severe forms of complication. Bleeding was well controlled by the administration of platelet concentrates, but infections were often lethal. The poor results were probably due to the high incidence of severe infections.

Adolescent↗