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Biomedical subjects

A Nathanson

Publications and source records attributed to A Nathanson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

The free radical forearm flap: a reliable method for reconstruction of the laryngohypopharynx after in-continuity resection.

Between 1992 and 1996 14 patients with a squamous cell carcinoma of the laryngohypopharynx underwent tumour resection and primary reconstruction with the free volar forearm flap. Tumour resection was performed by a head and neck surgeon and reconstruction by a plastic surgeon. Preoperative radiotherapy was given to 13 patients and postoperative radiation to one patient. Thirteen patients were male and one patient was female, with a mean age of 66 years (range 53-79 years). The flap was harvested from the left forearm in 12 cases and from the right in two. The mean operation time was 12 h (range 11-20 h), and the mean intraoperative bleeding volume was 700 ml (range 400-1,000 ml). Twelve of 14 flaps survived. One flap was totally lost 3 weeks postoperatively and another was partially lost 2 weeks after surgery. Overall revisional surgery was carried out in six patients. Infections and fistulae at the neck occurred in six of the 14 patients. Six of the 14 patients were alive at follow-up. One patient died of an acute haemorrhage from an oesophageal ulcer 2 months after surgery, one patient died of a second primary oesophageal cancer and six patients developed recurrences. The mean survival time was 26 months (range 2-43 months).

Aged↗
PubMed1992

The prognostic value of cytometric DNA analysis in early stage tongue cancer.

In spite of a small size and seemingly localised properties T1 tongue cancer does recur after surgical treatment, locally and/or in regional lymph-nodes, in 30-40% of the patients, and 50% of patients with recurrent disease die because of their cancer. If these patients could be identified by analysis of relevant parameters on the primary biopsy reflecting the biological properties of the tumours more extensive treatment regimes could be given selectively. In 47 primary biopsy specimens from patients with T1N0M0 squamous cell carcinoma of the mobile tongue the aberration in cellular DNA content was significantly higher in the group of tumours which recurred after surgical treatment compared with the non-recurrent group. Tumours in females recurred more frequently than in males. No significant correlation between recurrence and grade of histological differentiation or tumour thickness could be found. Image cytometry DNA analysis provides an objective and reproducible assessment of the nuclear DNA content which could facilitate selection of adequate treatment strategies.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Diagnosis and treatment of fractures of the orbital floor. A ten-year retrospective study.

In a retrospective study of 42 patients treated for fractures of the orbital floor at Södersjukhuset, different diagnostic methods and the final outcome of the treatment were evaluated. Motility evaluation and exphtalmometry were performed on all patients by the same ophtalmologist. Twenty patients underwent computed tomography with coronal scans. The prolapse and volume of the herniated soft tissue from the orbit and the degree of entrapment of the inferior rectus muscle were measured from the CT scans. All patients who developed enophtalmos had according to the CT scans herniated volumes exceeding 0.7 ml. Only 2 out of 9 patients, who did not develop enophtalmos had herniated volumes exceeding 0.7 ml. This difference was statistically significant. Of these patients 36 were operated, while 6 patients were only followed. The mean follow-up time was 6 months. Out of 39 patients followed for more than 3 months, 28 were symptom free. Six patients were moderately molested by diplopia or enophtalmos. Five patients suffered from a persistent clinically significant diplopia or enophtalmos.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Early morphological changes in rabbit mandible after cryogenic application.

In nine rabbits cryosurgery was performed on the left lateral side of the jaw bone, using liquid nitrogen as cold medium. Simultaneous temperature recordings were made of the cryosurgically treated area by the insertion of a thermocouple into the mandibular canal. The right side of the mandible was exposed but not frozen. The animals were killed by infusion of india ink into the abdominal aorta either within 1 h or after 48 h following the cryogenic application. Specimens were analysed by microangiography according to the Spalteholz technique and by light microscopy. The microcirculation within cortical bone and marrow cavity of the frozen area was completely arrested while the alveolar artery remained patent. The circulation of the soft tissue overlying the area treated was disturbed showing signs of thrombosis and extravasation of blood corpuscles.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effects of 60CO-gamma-irradiation on the early ingrowth of an autogenous bone inlay into an artificial defect in the rabbit mandibula.

The incorporation of an autogenous humeral bone inlay into a previously irradiated mandibula was studied in 23 adult rabbits. A single exposure of 1000, 2000 and 3000 rads was given 1 or 8 weeks before the grafting into an artificially created defect in the rabbit mandibula. The observation time was 30 days. The results were compared to those obtained in 6 non-irradiated rabbits operated in the same way and after the same observation period. The callus formation around the graft was reduced to less than half the amount measured with morphometry in rabbits irradiated greater than or equal to 2000 rads one week preoperatively as compared to that in the non-irradiated group. The periosteal callus formed by the host bone was reduced with increasing preoperative radiation doses and the longer interval between irradiation and bone grafting. Practically all callus was formed by the graft constituents (particularly the periosteum) after heavier preoperative radiation doses and the longer interval between irradiation and bone grafting. The new bone formation started some days later and was of an inferior quality with larger preoperative doses and the longer interval between irradiation and bone grafting.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

99Tcm-DP accumulation in rabbit skull bones after 60Co gamma irradiation.

Histology demonstrated new bone formation and bone destruction in rabbit mandibles irradiated with 20 Gy in a single exposure, but no abnormality following 10 Gy in a single exposure. Gamma camera examination of the 99Tcm-DP distribution could not demonstrate any abnormalities, and is concluded not to be effective in demonstrating early radiation injury to bone tissue. Radiation therapy is considered a negligible source of false positive findings in scintigraphy of the facial skeleton.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The early ingrowth of an autogenous bone inlay into an artificial defect in the rabbit mandibula.

The "take" and incorporation of two different autogenous bone grafts to an artificial defect in the rabbit mandibula was studied by means of conventional light microscopy, fluorescence miscroscopy and X-ray photography. The ingrowth rate was compared between a longitudinally split autogenous full thickness humeral bone graft in 21 rabbits and an autogenous full bone graft from the iliac crest in 14 rabbits. The rabbits were sacrificed at weekly intervals right to the end of the first month postoperatively, and morphological analyses were made. It was found that both types of graft became progressively incorporated into the mandibular defect. The humeral graft was better attached to the host bone but the graft cortex was not bone labelled to the same extent as when an iliac graft was used.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Prognosis of squamous-cell carcinoma of the gums with cytologically verified cervical lymph node metastases.

A follow-up study was made of 125 patients with carcinoma of the gums treated from 1958 to 1969. Twenty-one of these patients with cytologically verified metastases of the neck at first visit were specially studied. The primary tumour was classified as T1 in three patients, T2 in one, T3 in nine, and T4 in eight patients. Twelve patients received radiotherapy, nine radiotherapy and surgery. The five-year determinate survival rate was 7 per cent in this group compared with 41 per cent for patients without cervical metastases. The importance of the use of fine-needle biopsy and cytology is stressed in the diagnosis of metastases of the neck for proper judgement of the prognosis and for selection of method for treatment.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of some prognostic factors in small squamous cell carcinoma of the mobile tongue: a multicenter study in Sweden.

In a retrospective study of 58 patients from all over Sweden, treated for small squamous cell carcinoma of the mobile tongue (T1N0M0), different prognostic factors were evaluated. A partial glossectomy was performed as primary treatment in all patients. The cancer recurred in 28 (38%) of 58 patients. One of 7 patients with only local recurrence, and 9 of 14 with recurrence in the neck died of their disease. The relative survival rate was 77%. Of the prognostic factors tested, tumor thickness was found to be the most significant. In patients with tumor thickness was found to be the most significant. In patients with tumor thickness exceeding 10 mm, recurrences occurred in 58% (P less than 0.0048), and 87% (P less than 0.0164) died of their cancer. This represents a statistically significant higher degree when compared with tumor thickness of less than 10 mm. Elective treatment of the neck nodes is recommended in epidermoid cancer of the mobile tongue when tumor thickness exceeds 10 mm, even in stage I tumors (i.e., the surface extension diameter is smaller than 20 mm at most).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Results after resection of intraoral cancer and reconstruction with the free radial forearm flap.

Between 1989 and 1996, 47 patients with an intraoral squamous cell carcinoma underwent tumor resection and reconstruction with a free volar forearm flap. Tumor resection and neck dissection were performed by a head and neck surgeon and the free tissue transfer by a plastic surgeon. Preoperative radiation therapy was given to 44 of 47 patients and postoperative radiation therapy to 2. One other patient was not irradiated. There were 15 females and 32 males, with a mean age of 61 years. The primary site of the cancer was the tongue in 15 cases, the floor of the mouth in 15, the tonsil in 10, the bucca in 3 and the retromolar trigone in 4 cases. The flap was harvested from the left forearm in 34 and from the right in 13 patients. The mean operation time was 10 h (range 6-20) and the mean intraoperative bleeding was 486 ml (250-2,500). Forty-four of 46 flaps healed completely. Twelve revisions on 9 free flaps were performed between 6 h and 6 days postoperatively. Overall revisional surgery was done in 9 of 47 cases (19%). Two flaps could not be saved (4%). Infections/fistulas in the neck occurred in 11 of 46 cases (24%). Complete healing of the donor site occurred at a mean of 2.5 months (1-5). Nine patients developed complications at the donor site, 3 hematomas and 6 superficial infections (19%). Twenty-seven of 47 patients are still alive (57%). The mean survival time was 49 months (16-71).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The normal wall of the esophagus as seen by endoluminal ultrasonography.

Endoluminal ultrasonography of the esophagus offers a possibility to study the esophageal wall, even in pathological disorders with narrow lumina such as benign or malignant strictures, by using 2.7-mm-wide probes. In order to evaluate the normal variations in size of the esophageal wall components, 10 volunteers and 10 deceased humans without upper gastrointestinal disease were studied with a 2.7-mm-wide endoluminal ultrasonic probe. A comparison with a histopathological technique was also performed. The results indicated a good correlation between the volunteers and the deceased in using endoluminal ultrasonography. In contrast a discrepancy was noted between the measurements made by ultrasonography and histopathology.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endoluminal ultrasonography: a new method to evaluate dysphagia.

Dysphagia consists of various diseases, which all lead to an impaired quality of life. Besides a thorough case history and clinical examination, there is a need for objective diagnostic examinations to evaluate the extent of the disease. The present study includes 38 patients suffering from the most common causes of dysphagia such as benign or malignant strictures of the esophagus, esophagitis, achalasia cardiae, cricopharyngeal dysfunction and motility disorders. The patients were examined by endoluminal ultrasonography using a 2.7 mm-wide-probe. The present study clearly indicates the value of the method in evaluating the extent of the disease in patients suffering from the aforementioned diseases.

Deglutition Disorders↗