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Biomedical subjects

A Neiss

Publications and source records attributed to A Neiss.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Treatment results in brain metastases with primary irradiation and after surgery and postoperative irradiation].

61 patients with cerebral metastases were treated between 1977 and 1982, 32 out of them were operated and postoperatively irradiated, 29 only irradiated. The irradiations were given for curative purposes. Sixteen patients were alive at the date of December 31, 1982. The survival times calculated with the method of Kaplan-Mayer were 10 months after surgery and irradiation and 5 months after irradiations alone. In case of metastases of the mammary carcinoma, surgery with irradiation seems to be an especially effective method, as is suggested by the median survival time of 35 months and the total absence of local recurrences. In most of the other cases, too, the prolonged survival time was accompanied by a good quality of life which lasted for a considerable period of time. Younger patients had a longer survival time than older patients. The results of a high-dosed therapy with several daily fractions, namely 60 Gy within 17 days or 1825 ret NSD, respectively, were not (yet) better than those of conventional fractionation and dosage with 50 to 60 Gy in 5 to 6 weeks or 1572 to 1768 ret NSD, respectively. However, the value of this method was the same, its advantage lying in the shorter treatment time. Only in patients over 60 years, above all if they had received a total-brain irradiation with this method, we think to have seen a more frequent development of psychosyndromes. (The calculation of the survival times includes all cases, even patients who died during or shortly after radiotherapy).

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Studies on bacterial hypersensitivity in man. Interrelationship between skin reactions to bacterial peptidoglycan and serum peptidoglycan antibody titers.

The nature and extent of bacterially induced allergies are difficult to define. Since peptidoglycan, the main component of the cell wall of almost all bacteria, has been available in a highly purified, chemically and immunologically well-defined form, investigation of the allergological significance of this cell component is feasible. Intracutaneous tests were carried out on 181 test subjects with five different peptidoglycan (PG) preparations from Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus Pyogenes. The results of the investigation were compared with the result of determination of serum PG antibodies and serum IgE concentrations. It was shown that test subjects with dual and later reactions to three different staphylococcal PGs displayed significantly higher PG antibody titers than test subjects with negative reactions. Such a relationship could not be found with the cutaneous reactions to streptococcal PG. The total serum IgE values were very much higher in test subjects with immediate reactions to staphylococcal PG than in test subjects with a negative reaction. Typical Arthus reaction or late granulomatous reactions were not observed. Humoral antibodies are involved at least in part in the elicitation of dual and late reactions. Thus, there are interesting parallels to allergy to fungal spores and organic dusts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Prognostic validity of biochemical data and immunofluorescence microscopy in acute hepatitis B (author's transl)].

For an early identification of chronic courses of hepatitis virus B infections a statistical prediction model based on simple biochemical parameters and immunofluorescence microscopy for the investigation of virus HBs and HBc antigen expression in liver tissue is established. As early as 3 weeks after maximum liver cell damage it is possible to identify chronic virus B infections and to predict the further course of hepatitis (CPH, CAH).

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1981

[Serum levels of cholylglycine and sulfolitho-cholylglycine in the course of acute hepatitis (author's transl)].

In 20 patients with acute hepatitis B the serum levels of cholylglycine and sulfolitho-cholylglycine were investigated by radioimmunoassay; bile acid concentrations and routine biochemical parameters were determined weekly. The statistical evaluation displayed a close correlation between serum levels of cholylglycine and bilirubin during the course of hepatitis, and between serum levels of sulfolitho-cholylglycine and the enzyme activities of liver cell damage parameters (GOT, GPT, GIDH), respectively. A tentative interpretation on the validity of bile acid assays (CG, SLCG) in hepatobiliary disease is presented.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

[Skin reactions to isolated bacterial cell wall components, bacterial peptidoglycan in particular].

To elucidate the pathogenetic mechanism of bacterial-allergical diseases and of reactions provoked by bacterial test substances (e.g. the intracutaneous test), it is necessary to analyse carefully various factors involved in these reactions. To try to separate toxic from immunological reactions minute amounts of peptidoglycan in four different preparations were applied to humans by intracutaneous injections. Peptidoglycan, an immunologically well defined wall components of almost all bacteria and which is therefore ubiquitous, was isolated from staphylococci and streptococci. The skin reactions were evaluated by macroscopical, microscopical and immunohistological observations, as well as by electromicroscopy and statistical means. Several findings indicate the involvement of immunological factors in the observed skin reactions. In some cases no measurable reaction was seen, whereas in others typical skin reactions occurred. Similar reactions were produced by the antigenically related peptidoglycans isolated from Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis. These reactions differed, however, from those elicited by peptidoglycan preparations from Streptococcus pyogenes type A. Patients with chronic bacterial infections and who were injected by four bacterial preparations demonstrated a significant increase in delayed hypersensitivity reaction compared with two other groups of patients (atopic patients without chronic infection). Because of the very low test dose, necrotic skin reactions, which occur in animal experiments, were not observed.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1980

[Antiarrhythmic drugs in chronic ventricular extrasystole (author's transl)].

Several class I antiarrhythmic drugs were used in an intraindividual comparative study in 15 patients with chronic stable ventricular extrasystole of various origins. In a randomised sequence lidocaine, ajmalin and, in a cross-over double blind study with placebo, the new antiarrhythmic Org 6001 were tested. Propafenon was given as a final preparation. Each substance was administered parentally in therapeutic doses. A significant placebo effect could be excluded, baseline control values before administration of individual substances correlated well. Comparing mean values obtained over one hour before and after administration of the substance it was shown that the effectiveness of drugs decreased as follows: ajmalin, propafenon, lidocaine, Org 6001. Whereas suppression of extrasystole was most marked after ajmalin, propafenon showed the longest period of activity. After Org 6001 divergent activity of arrhythmia could be observed; in some patients good antiarrhythmic effects could be demonstrated. For evaluation of effectiveness and validity of new antiarrhythmic substances intraindividual comparison with placebo and well established standard antiarrhythmic drugs is advisable.

17-Ketosteroids↗
PubMed1980

Pharmacokinetics of potassium ampicillin.

Potassium ampicillin was studied in normal volunteers. It was administered orally to a group of five male subjects in a single dose of 500 mg. Peak plasma concentrations (2.00-6.75 microgram/ml) were reached within 1.30 to 2.23 h. The pharmacokinetic parameters were computed according to the two-compartment open model. The mean value of elimination half-life was 0.96 h, and the urinary recovery was about 66% of the administered dose within 6 h. The apparent distribution volume had an average of 0.8 l/kg. This indicates that there exists a more or less uniform potassium ampicillin distribution throughout the various body compartments.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Frequency of peripheral arterial occlusive disease in patients with coronary heart disease with and without infarction (author's transl)].

In 107 consecutive patients the frequency of peripheral arterial occlusive disease in coronary heart disease was assessed by selective coronary angiography and sonographic Doppler pressure estimation. Among 75 patients with coronary heart disease 21 (28%) had arterial occlusive disease, among 32 patients without coronary heart disease only one (3%). There was no statistically significant correlation between the severity of both diseases. 40 out of 75 patients with coronary heart disease had suffered from cardiac infarction. Infarction frequency showed a highly significant correlation with increasing severity of the coronary heart disease, but none with increasing severity or frequency of arterial occlusive disease. When there was no arterial occlusive disease all degrees of severity of coronary heart disease were found. Analysing the literature it becomes evident that coronary heart disease is frequently an isolated or premature manifestation of arteriosclerosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Fluorescein angiography and changes in aqueous humor protein after argon laser photomydriasis in rabbits.

In brown-eyed and blue-eyed rabbits, irises treated with argon laser photomydriasis (ALP) were studied by using fluorescein angiography and by evaluating the aqueous humor protein concentration. The following results were obtained. Immediately after ALP, a breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier is demonstrated by a marked influx of fluorescein into the ciliary processes and into the anterior and posterior chambers. The dye flow into the aqueous humor decreases to normal values within 3 days. There is no fluorescein leakage from laser impacts themselves. Peripupillary capillary loops are permanently occluded, but in a few cases, recanalization occurs. Neovascularization did not occur during 56 days of observation. ALP initially leads to a six- to eightfold increase in normal aqueous humor protein concentration, which decays to normal values within 3 days.

Animals↗