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Biomedical subjects

A Pap

Publications and source records attributed to A Pap.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Tubeless pancreatic function tests used in combination for screening of pancreatic disease.

The diagnostic efficacy of some tubeless screening tests was examined in chronic pancreatitis patients with different degrees of pancreatic insufficiency. Results of the Pancreolauryl and Lipiodol tests were equal in the same patients. Sensitivity of the Lipiodol test, starch tolerance test and PABA test was 80%, 90% and 57%, respectively. Specificities were 48%, 57% and 100%. Sensitivity increased considerably when two tubeless tests were used in combination: 99% and 90% of patients had at last one abnormal result with starch tolerance + Lipiodol and PABA + Lipiodol tests, respectively. The specificity did not change significantly. Combination of tubeless tests seems to be useful for screening of mild and moderate pancreatic diseases because false negative results of single tests caused possibly by non-parallel enzyme secretion can be avoided.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1985

Pancreatic function after endoscopic and surgical occlusion of the pancreatic duct in patients with chronic pancreatitis.

Complex monitoring of pancreatic function was done after 18 endoscopic or surgical occlusions of the pancreatic duct in 15 patients with chronic pancreatitis. The indirect function tests (starch tolerance test, Lipiodol test and fat loading) as well as the direct tests (secretin-pancreozymin and Lundh tests) demonstrated only moderate pancreatic insufficiency. Overall values of the Lundh test performed before and after the treatment in 10 cases did not change significantly. The surgical procedure decreased pancreatic function somewhat more effectively, but the symptom-free "burned-out" state was only rarely achieved. Even glucose tolerance slightly diminished after treatment. The uneven results of obstruction therapy were attributed to the recovered exocrine function of the pancreas. Patients with severe pancreatic insufficiency or proximal resection of the pancreas seem to be better candidates for such treatments.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of the action of cholinomimetics and pentagastrin on gastric secretion in dogs.

Stimulation of acid secretion by muscarinic cholinomimetic agents depended on the periodic interdigestive activity of the stomach. This explains the peak and following fade. Pentagastrin stimulated gastric secretion after a fixed interval and did not depend on the interdigestive activity. Neither gastrin nor methacholine directly contracted the gallbladder in the doses used. A sustained secretion of gastric acid and pepsin, such as follows a meal, required both hormonal stimulation and gastric distension. The magnitude of the acid response from Heidenhain pouches following meals suggested that pentagastrin doses commonly used experimentally greatly exceed the physiological.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Endoscopic occlusion treatment in patients with chronic pancreatitis].

Between 1980 and 1983 an endoscopic occlusion of pancreatic duct was performed in 12 patients with chronic pancreatitis. In 4 patients it could be achieved a complete, in 8 patients only a partial occlusion. Four patients became free of pain whereas 5 patients have been operated on following an aggrevation of disease. After one year diabetes mellitus developed in 2 patients. We conclude that the endoscopic occlusion of the pancreatic duct may be recommended in some patients with defined diagnosis and special duct constellation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Vagal control of gall-bladder contraction.

The role of the vagi in gall-bladder contraction was studied in conscious dogs with chronic biliary fistulae. The interdigestive periodic contraction of this organ was abolished by bilateral cervical vagal blockade, atropine or pentolinium, but neither methacholine nor carbachol initiated contraction when the duodenum was kept alkaline. The orthodox view that gall-bladder evacuation is primarily controlled by humoral mechanisms needs re-evaluation. Vagal blockade prevented the usual gall-bladder contraction in response to duodenal acidification.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Proteolytic inactivation of lipase as a possible cause of the uneven results obtained with enzyme substitution in pancreatic insufficiency.

Inactivation of lipase in four commercially available pancreatin preparations in buffer solution, in duodenal juice stimulated by secretin-cholecystokinin or by Lundh test-meal, and in duodenal juice supplemented with a meat-meal homogenate, was examined during a four-hour incubation period. In the buffer solution and in the secretin-cholecystokinin-stimulated duodenal juice 64-89% of lipase activity was already lost within two hours. Trypsin activity was in inverse relation to that of lipase and soybean trypsin inhibitor. The Lundh test meal and the meat-meal homogenate significantly diminished inactivation of lipase. Substitution therapy of pancreatic insufficiency with crushed and soybean-trypsin-inhibitor supplemented preparations diminished steatorrhoea more effectively than the simple tablets. The demonstrated proteolytic inactivation of lipase indicates that pancreatic supplements have to be given in crushed or granulated form, well mixed with protein-containing meals, and that a physiological ratio of trypsin-lipase activity ought to be preserved in the preparations.

Amylases↗
PubMed1984

Effect of prostacyclin on the mixed function microsomal oxigenase system in the rat liver.

The microsomal fraction of the liver was studied for protein and cytochrome P450 contents as well as for aminopyrine-N-demethylase and aniline-hydroxylase activity and for its BIC spectrum under the effect of PG-I2 treatment. A significant increase was found in the cytochrome P450 content after short term treatment, while continuation of PG-I2 administration caused a significant and long lasting decrease of cytochrome P450. After prolonged application of PG-I2 the aniline-hydroxylase content decreased significantly, while the aminopyrine-N-demethylase enzyme showed no change. The BIC spectrum after 80 days PG-I2 treatment significantly decreased in the 431-432 nm region, corresponding to the decrease of cytochrome P450. Long term PG-I2 application caused no detectable ultrastructural changes in the liver.

Aminopyrine N-Demethylase↗
PubMed1983

Secretin-pancreozymin test with synthetic secretin and cholecystokinin octapeptide.

Pancreatic responses to submaximal doses of synthetic secretin (125 ng/kg) and cholecystokinin octapeptide (50 ng/kg) were investigated in controls and patients with pancreatic disease. Doses of stimulants were chosen from dose-response experiments to avoid supramaximal amounts which inhibited the pancreatic response. Injection of secretin resulted in duodenal juice in less trypsin but more lipase activity than that elicited by cholecystokinin octapeptide. The increase of amylase was about the same. Diagnostic efficacy of pancreatic responses to the individual hormones was similar. An overall evaluation of the results seems to be the most reliable method for diagnostic purposes.

Amylases↗
PubMed1981

Trophic effect of cholecystokinin-octapeptide in man - a new way in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis?

The effect of 3-week CCK-OP treatment on test meal stimulated pancreatic secretion was investigated in chronic pancreatitis patients. One drop of a 1 mg/ml CCK-OP solution applied intranasally, three times daily during 3 weeks resulted in a significant increase in volume, trypsin, lipase and amylase secretion in response to the Lundh test meal. Augmentation of trypsin secretion was the most pronounced. Functional capacity of pancreatic enzyme secretion remained elevated for 3 months after treatment. Nearly all patients became symptom free during and for some time after treatment. The results were attributed to a trophic effect of CCK-OP on human pancreas.

Administration, Intranasal↗