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Biomedical subjects

A Patil

Publications and source records attributed to A Patil.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Duloxetine treatment for women awaiting continence surgery.

The study assessed the effect of offering a 4-week course of duloxetine therapy to 73 women awaiting a tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) operation. Twenty-seven women (37%) declined taking the drug, leaving 46 women (63%) willing to take drug therapy. Thirteen women were scheduled for a TVT with concurrent prolapse surgery, and 1 of these women decided that she no longer needed the surgery. Eight of the 33(24%) women scheduled for a TVT without concurrent prolapse surgery came off the waiting list. Nine women of the 33 women scheduled for a TVT without concurrent surgery (27%) found that the medication did not work sufficiently well. Sixteen of the 33 women (48%) discontinued medication due to side-effects. Women on a waiting list for surgery may be unwilling to take duloxetine therapy and less tolerant of side-effects.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed2004

Primary systemic amyloidosis.

We report here a case of a 35-year-old male who presented with multi-system disease, which on evaluation was found to be due to primary systemic amyloidosis. We present the myriad manifestations of this uncommon disease entity.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Single incision for implanting a vagal nerve stimulator system (VNSS): technical note.

BACKGROUND: A technique for implanting the vagal nerve stimulator system through a single incision is described. METHOD: A transverse incision is made in the lower part of the neck. Subcutaneous (s.c.) dissection is then done over the clavicle into the infraclavicular area to create a pocket. The vagus nerve is exposed and the electrodes are wrapped around it through the neck incision. The distal ends of the lead are connected to the pulse generator, and latter is then placed in the infraclavicular pocket through the neck incision. RESULTS: Thirty-eight implants were conducted with this technique. The pulse generator could be implanted and anchored to the underlying tissue without any difficulty. Except for wound infections in two patients there was no other complication. CONCLUSION: A single incision is an alternate to the double incision procedure. This procedure can be performed safely.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Gel lubrication of the tracheal tube cuff reduces pulmonary aspiration.

BACKGROUND: Leakage of fluid occurs along the longitudinal folds within the wall of an inflated high-volume, low-pressure cuff. Theoretically, lubrication of the cuff with a water-soluble gel might prevent aspiration by plugging the channels in the cuff wall. Pulmonary aspiration during anesthesia has been linked with postoperative pneumonia and during critical illness causes ventilator-associated pneumonia. METHODS: Lubricated cuffs were compared with nonlubricated cuffs for leakage of dye placed in the subglottic space to the tracheobronchial tree in a benchtop model (n = 5) and in a prospective double-blinded randomized controlled trial of anesthetized patients (n = 36). The duration of the efficacy of the lubricant was determined in a prospective open observational study of critically ill patients with tracheostomies (n = 9). Dye was detected clinically by dye coloration of secretions during tracheal suctioning. RESULTS: In the benchtop model the incidence of leakage was 0% in the lubrication group and 100% in the nonlubrication group (P < 0.01). Dye leakage in anesthetized patients was 11% in the lubrication group and 83% in the nonlubrication group (P < 0.0001). In the critically ill patients with lubricated cuffed tracheostomy tubes, leakage first occurred after a median period of 48 h (range, 24-120 h). CONCLUSIONS: Cuff lubrication with a water-soluble gel reduces pulmonary aspiration in anesthetized patients. In the critically ill patient with a tracheostomy the protective effect is lost after 24-120 h.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Concordant prune belly syndrome in monozygotic twins.

We report 2 cases of concordant prune belly syndrome occurring in monozygotic twins. In addition to suggesting a genetic basis for this disease, our 12-year follow-up of these cases illustrates that these patients with an otherwise poor prognosis can have normal growth, development, and renal function with appropriate treatment.

Diseases in Twins↗
PubMed1996

Vertebrobasilar thrombosis associated with nonpenetrating cervical spine trauma.

Vertebral artery injuries associated with blunt trauma to the cervical spine are rare. Five cases of vertebrobasilar complications after blunt trauma to the cervical spine are reported. Four were involved in motor vehicle accidents, and one suffered a diving injury. All of these patients had documented cervical spine fractures. For two patients, the diagnosis of vertebral artery thrombosis was made on the basis of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and for the remaining three, cervical four-vessel arteriograms (CFVAs), were used. All the patients had occlusion of flow in either the vertebral artery or in the vertebrobasilar circulation. The patients presented with acute, non-specific changes in neurological status. Two patients had infarctions in the vertebrobasilar tertiary, one had an infarction in the middle cerebral artery territory, and two did not show evidence of cerebral infarction. Three of the patients were treated with anticoagulants. Of these, two showed a stabilization of their neurological status, and one died. The four surviving patients improved with early physical and occupational therapy. Although CFVA remains the "gold standard" for diagnosing these injuries, newer modalities, such as MRA, may be useful adjuncts. Early stabilization of the cervical spine injury and anticoagulation are beneficial.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1996

Human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis in SCID mice.

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is neuroinvasive and commonly causes cognitive and motor deficits during the later stages of viral infection. (referred to as HIV dementia). The mechanism(s) for disease revolves around secretory products produced from immune-activated brain macrophages/microglia. Recently, we developed an animal model system for HIV dementia that contains xenografts of HIV-1-infected cells inoculated into brains of mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). This animal system was used to quantitatively evaluate HIV-induced neuropathology. Xenografts of HIV-1-infected human monocytes (placed into the putamen and cortex of SCID mice) remained viable for 5 weeks. HIV-1 p24 antigen expression in mouse brain was persistent. Progressive inflammatory responses (including astrogliosis and cytokine production), which began at 3 days, peaked at day 12. The range of astrocyte proliferative reactions exceeded the inoculation site by > 1000 microns. Brains with virus-infected monocytes showed a > or = 1.6-fold increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein (staining distribution and intensity) as compared with similarly inoculated brains with uninfected control monocytes. These findings paralleled the accumulation and activation of murine microglia (increased branching of cell processes, formation of microglial nodules, interleukin (IL)-1 beta and IL-6 expression). An inflammatory reaction of human monocytes (as defined by HLA-DR, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression) and neuronal injury (apoptosis) also developed after virus-infected monocyte xenograft placement into mouse brain tissue. These data, taken together, demonstrate that this SCID mouse model of HIV-1 neuropathogenesis can reproduce key aspects of disease (virus-infected macrophages, astrocytosis, microglial activation, and neuronal damage). This model may serve as an important means for therapeutic development directed toward improving mental function in HIV-infected subjects with cognitive and motor dysfunction.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1994

Spectrum of illness in rural areas of Ahmednagar District.

At Pravara Medical Trust (PMT), Loni, Ahmednagar, multidiagnostic and treatment camps (MDTC) are organised by PMT every month in remote villages with active participation of villagers, to provide health care to needy and deprived population. From January 1987 to April 1992, 58 camps have been organised and 60,856 patients availed various medical and health services rendered by PMT. Average attendance of patients per camp was 1049, 48.36% being females and 51.64% males. According to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) patients were broadly grouped. A total of 21,603 (35.5%) were referred to the Pravara Rural Hospital and 15,700 (72.67%) of them availed the indoor and outdoor services there.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Effects of various supplements on voluntary intake and performance by growing cattle consuming forage moderate to high in crude protein.

Growing cattle were supplemented with substances to lessen or increase ruminal ammonia level to determine if consumption of moderate- to high-crude protein (CP) forage is limited by high ruminal ammonia absorption. In Experiment 1 (5 x 5 Latin square), five Holstein steers (198 kg) had ad libitum access to alfalfa cubes (17% CP) without supplementation or with corn at 0.25 or 0.75% body weight (BW) alone (LC or HC) or with 0.06% BW of zeolite (chabazite; LC-Z and HC-Z). Total daily organic water (OM) intake was not affected by treatment (6.08, 6.14, 6.11, 6.19 and 6.09 kg for control, LC, LC-Z, HC and HC-Z, respectively; SE 0.25). In Experiment 2, Simmental crossbred beef calves grazed fescue-clover paddocks in the spring (clipped forage: 21 to 27% CP) for 84 days and were supplemented with 0.25 or 0.75% BW corn alone or with added zeolite (0.06% BW) or lasalocid (0.5 mg/kg BW). Daily gain did not differ among treatments (1.24 to 1.31 kg/day). In Experiment 3 (6 x 6 Latin square), six Holstein steer calves (168 kg) had ad libitum access to medium-quality, orchardgrass-clover hay (15% CP). Steers received one of the following six treatments: no supplement (Control), 0.35% BW ground corn (C), corn plus 0.049% BW urea (C-U), 0.35% BW soybean meal (S), 0.205% BW feather meal (F) or 0.103% BW feather meal, 0.052% BW blood meal and 0.067% BW corn gluten meal (F-BG). Total daily OM intake was 5.00, 5.14, 5.00, 5.11, 4.84 and 4.70 kg for control, C, C-U, S, F and F-BG, respectively (SE 0.13). In Experiment 4 (6 x 6 Latin square), six Holstein steer calves (226 kg) were fed 0.75% BW of alfalfa cubes (19% CP) plus ad libitum access to medium- to high-quality orchardgrass hay (16% CP). Steers received one of the following six treatments: no supplement (Control), corn at 0.25% BW alone (c) or mixed with 0.12% BW peanut skins (C-PSK), a mix of high-CP feedstuffs high in ruminal escape protein (0.029% BW blood meal, 0.038% BW corn gluten meal and 0.028% BW feather meal; C-REP), 0.139% soybean meal (C-S) or soybean meal plus peanut skins (C-PSK-S). Total daily OM intake was 6.16, 6.25, 6.13, 6.52, 6.50 and 6.60 kg for control, C, C-PSK, C-REP, C-S and C-PSK-S, respectively (SE 0.10).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Absorption↗