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Biomedical subjects

A Popa

Publications and source records attributed to A Popa.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Shoulder girdle abscess due to Streptococcus agalactiae complicating esophageal dilation.

Bacteremia can result very unusually in significant complications after esophageal dilation. Procedure-related mucosal trauma may be a determinant, whereas pathogenic bacteria primarily originate from the patient's oropharyngeal flora. We describe an unusual case of Streptococcus agalactiae bacteremia and shoulder girdle abscess complicating esophageal bougienage. Consideration of specific risk factors and use of scrupulous procedural technique are warranted and will likely reduce pyogenic sequelae.

Abscess↗
PubMed1998

Osteopetrosis.

Osteopetrosis is a rare hereditary bone disorder that presents in one of three forms: osteopetrosis tarda, osteopetrosis congenita and "marble bone" disease. Osteopetrosis tarda, the benign form, presents in adulthood, while the two more malignant variants, osteopetrosis congenita and marble bone disease, present in infancy and childhood, respectively. In all three forms, the main features are pathologic alteration of osteoclastic bone resorption and thickening of cortical and lamellar bones. Osteopetrosis tarda is usually discovered accidentally on routine radiographs and is often asymptomatic; however, patients may present because of related degenerative joint disease. Osteopetrosis congenita results in bone marrow failure and is almost always fatal. Marble bone disease causes short stature, cerebral calcification and mental retardation. Bone marrow transplant is the only chance for survival in patients with osteopetrosis congenita.

Age of Onset↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The primary prevention of arterial hypertension. A meta-analysis of controlled clinical studies].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of non pharmacological primary prevention of hypertension. METHODS: Analysis of all the available trials with a minimal one-year follow-up and one recently study with 8 weeks follow-up. The outcomes consisted in blood pressure changes and incidence of hypertension at the end of the study. RESULTS: Five reviewed randomized controlled trials with a minimal one year follow-up and one recently study with eight weeks follow-up assessed the following intervention: advice about sodium restriction, weight reduction, physical exercise and relaxation, a diet rich in fruits vegetables and low fat dairy foods. All the results were available according to the "intention to treat principle". The feasibility appeared to be initially good, but decreased with time, confirming the difficulty of long term prevention. The prevention effect was mild with a decrease in hypertension incidence of a few percent (2%) and blood pressure decrease of only a few mmHg reduction (mean of 3 mmHg). Three community studies were reviewed. The prevention interventions were carried out on entire populations. The feasibility was bad (great number of lost-follow-up). The results on the blood pressure incidence were available in only one study and the blood pressure decrease estimates were heterogeneous, so the results cannot be generalized. CONCLUSION: The primary prevention of hypertension shows disappointing results when the intervention duration is above one year. It leaves little hope for a significant effect on blood pressure dependent cardiovascular events.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphophysiopathological correlations in pulmonary hypertension of cardiac origin.

100 patients with congenital malformation and acquired cardiac diseases were studied on preoperatory pulmonary biopsies to estimate the pulmonary hypertension by correlating the data obtained by modern multidisciplinary investigation: histological, histoenzymological, ultrastructural, physiological and clinical techniques. The morphological pictures show a range of vascular lesions similar to those found in Heath and Edwards' classification and they are especially thickenings of the intima, hypertrophies of the media, narrowings of vascular lumen and later some plexiform lesions and hemosiderosis. Progressive fibrosis processes as well as immune pulmonary reactions were made evident. The electron microscopical examinations provided new data regarding the thickening of the capillary and alveolary basal lamina, the activity of pneumocytes and macrophages that were also certified from the histoenzymological point of view by increase of peroxidases and acid phosphatases activity. The investigation carried out proved the importance of the cardiac preoperatory catheterism in order to establish the grade of the pulmonary hypertension while the concordance index is more increased than in the cases that were investigated only by non-bleeding techniques.

Capillaries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The incidence of chronic respiratory diseases in Hunedoara County and the cases of disease hospitalized in the Pneumophthisiology Department of Deva Hospital].

The structure of the incidence of chronic respiratory diseases is analysed within the district of Hunedoara for the last two decennia (1970-1991), and the low percentage of pulmonary tuberculosis as compared with the other respiratory diseases (8.75% for the last five years) is emphasized. A comparison is performed between the figures of Tb and of non-Tb disease cases hospitalized in the Pneumophysiology Department, District Hospital, Deva (27.6% non-Tb diseases) from 1987 to 1991. Attention is drawn to the obligation of pneumophysiologists to take over the medical assistance and follow up of non-Tb respiratory diseases, as a result of the Ministry of Health legislation on "pneumophysiology" (a specialty replacing the old "physiology").

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of an irradiated vaccine that protects against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhoea.

In the pathogenesis of diarrhoea in man bacteria adhesion to enterocytes is mediated by specific CFA/I or CFA/II antigens. A perorally administered vaccine was prepared from E. coli H10407 (078:H11) by irradiation with electrons with high energy (EHE). Two hours after cimetidine administration rats were immunized per os with 5 irradiated vaccine doses at 4-day intervals. Seven days after the last immunization animals were infected by inoculating 1 x 10(9) germs in the ligated intestinal loop. Reduction of the intestinal secretion by over 50% 18 hours after inoculation was considered an efficient protection marker. The obtained results have proved a significant reduction of the intestinal secretion in immunized animals infected with serotypes 078:H11(63 +/- 4%) and 078:H12(59 +/- 5%) as compared to non-immunized animals. Experimental induction of the intestinal protection against Escherichia coli enterotoxigenic (ETEC) strains points to the possibility of using this type of irradiated vaccine in the prophylaxis of diarrhoea in man.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Combination of radiophotographic and tuberculin detection in groups of young people].

Tuberculin pre-testing between 1971 and 1973 in profesional schools, as well as in high schools from Brasov, showed that by the radiophotographic examination of tuberculin reactors only, all the new cases of tuberculosis were detected, as well as those requiring surveillance and chemoprophylaxis. In this way over one half of the adolescents from professional schools and one quarter of those from high schools could be excepted from radiophotography, with the corresponding effects of radiation prevention and economic efficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro effects of pulsed near-ultraviolet laser exposure on human larynx carcinoma cells.

Effects of pulsed near-ultraviolet laser beam on structural characteristics and macromolecular synthesis of carcinoma HEp2 cells were investigated. Laser irradiation damage induced in these eukaryotic cells could be characterized by two development stages: a) a reversible stage with minor morphological damages (1.5 kJ/m2) and 2) an irreversible one, at higher fluences, characterized by cellular membrane damage, necrobiosis and cells detachment from the substrate (4.5 kJ/m2). A. Studies performed referring to macromolecular syntheses of low laser fluences (1.5 kJ/m2)--irradiated HEp2 cells showed the following aspects: a) syntheses inhibiton phase in the first cycles of cellular replication and b) syntheses stimulation phases in the following cycle with total repair of laser-induced molecular lesions. B. At high laser fluences (3-4.5 kJ/m2), metabolic lesions repair was partially or totally blocked after prolonged culturing at 37 degrees C. Ths paper suggests some mechanisms of laser action on macromolecular synthesis and correlates them with morphological changes induced by laser exposure of carcinoma cells.

Carcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The surgical treatment of nonrheumatic mitral valvulopathies].

The present paper analyzed the indications and surgical treatment in 505 patients with lesions of the mitral valve. 350 lesions were of rheumatic nature and 148 with nonrheumatic etiology. 31 patients with infectious endocarditis with mitral localization were operated; 3 deaths and 56 cases wits aggravation of the lesions after endocarditis with a mortality of 6%, were recorded. The severity factors, the complications and characteristics of the intervention in these patients were analyzed. 48 patients had dysfunctions of the mechanical prosthesis with disk and 11 with Edwards Carpentier's prosthesis. The dysfunction types, the diagnosis methods and the evolution were investigated. 16 emergency cases with dysfunctions of the prostheses were operated wits good results. The cooperation among cardiologist, surgeon, explorer and anesthesiologist is an essential condition for the best solution of the new and complex pathology.

Bioprosthesis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies of the effects of associated photodynamic therapy and drugs on macromolecular synthesis of tumoral cells grown in vitro.

HeLa S3 tumoral cells were used as an experimental model for studying the association of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and antitumoral agents. Tumoral monolayer cultures were incubated 18 hours at 37 degrees C with Photofrin II, trypsinized and suspended in Eagle medium supplemented with 10% FCS and then treated with antitumoral agents 90 minutes before He-Ne laser exposure. The tumoral cells were exposed to antitumoral agents in the following concentrations (equivalent to ED70): adriamycin (0.0297 micrograms); mitomycin C (0.0199 micrograms); 5-FU (0.4937 micrograms) and vinblastine (0.0109 micrograms) per 10(5) cells. Macromolecular syntheses (DNA, RNA and proteins) were investigated by use of radioactive precursors: 3H-thymidine, 3H-uridine and 3H-leucine, as expressed in percent referring to Photofrin II-pretreated controls; they were exposed to He-Ne laser but not treated with antitumoral agents. All experiments were followed for 72 hours incubation at 37 degrees C. The conclusions of the results of PDT associated with antitumoral agents sustain the following aspects: a) the antitumoral agents activity (adriamycin, mitomycin C, 5-FU, vinblastine) was more noticeable when applied 90 minutes before He-Ne laser irradiation; b) inhibition of radioactive precursors uptake in DNA, RNA and proteins was accompanied by suppression of in vitro tumoral cells development and c) PDT association with antitumoral agents could manifest at least three positive effects upon animals; 1) PDT potentiating effects with antitumoral agents; 2) suppressing effects on tumoral macromolecular synthesis; 3) antitumoral agents cytotoxic elimination (due to the low doses used).

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laser effects on cellular adhesion and influence on the interrelation between HeLa S3 and human diploid cells.

The interactions between HeLa S3 tumoral cells and human fibroblasts after nitrogen-laser irradiation (337.1 nm) have been studied by using an in vitro cell invasion model. For the quantitative and morphological evaluation of nitrogen-laser radiation action upon tumoral adhesion to the fibroblast monostrate, we used: a) 3H-thymidine labelling of HeLa S3 tumoral cells; b) morphological modifications studies by phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy. The results emphasized the following aspects: 1. In non-irradiated cell cultures we noticed three interaction stages: adhesion, tumoral spreading and displacement with fibroblasts destruction; on the other side, we found a reduced adhesion to non-irradiated human fibroblasts of laser irradiated tumoral cells. 2. Significant percent increasing of non-irradiated tumoral cells adhesion to fibroblast monostrate, irradiated with various laser fluences (e.g. 0.2 kJ/m2--48.1%; 0.8 kJ/m2--63.8% and for 1.6 kJ/m2--79.5%). This phenomenon evidenced the close interrelation between irradiation fluences and tumoral adhesion rates. 3. The importance of numerical ratio between tumoral cells and fibroblasts in tumoral adhesion and invasion processes (e.g. ratio 1:10 tumoral adhesion reached 8.1%; in 1:5--25.9%; in 1:1--59.4% and for 2:1--83.9%). 4. Marked cytotoxic effects for both cell types after exposure to high and very high laser fluences (1.6--6.4 kJ/m2). Our results emphasize near UV-laser irradiation effects upon some of tumoral adhesion and invasion mechanisms and demonstrate the interrelations between cell populations manifesting a different vital potential.

Cell Adhesion↗