PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A R Page

Publications and source records attributed to A R Page.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Smoking cessation in family practice: the effects of advice and nicotine chewing gum prescription.

The efficacy of physician anti-smoking intervention with 289 patients in a family practice setting was assessed. The design included two treatment conditions, physician advice and physician advice plus the offer of nicotine chewing gum (NCG) prescription. A no-advice group permitted assessment of the effects of repeated testing. The NCG group had higher rates of abstinence at all follow-up points, but the difference approached statistical significance at 3 months only (p less than .10). Comparison of those who actually used NCG to all other groups revealed significantly more users were abstinent at 1- and 3-month follow-up. A similar pattern occurred for proportion attempting cessation and smoking reduction. A dose-response relationship of gum use to outcome was identified. Long-term users (greater than 20 days) had 86% abstinence at 3 months versus 18% for short-term users. Thus, NCG does appear to have a role in family practice for promoting short-term cessation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A microtiter solid phase radioimmunoassay for total serum IgE.

A two-step microtiter solid phase radioimmunoassay (MSPRIA) for total serum IgE has been developed by the authors. Microtiter wells are coated with rabbit antihuman IgE. During the first incubation. IgE in serum samples or the standard is bound to the antibody coated wells. The wells are then overlaid with radiolabeled goat anti-IgE antibodies. The amount of radioactivity bound is proportional to the amount of IgE in the test serum. The mean IgE level of 25 cord sera was found by this assay to be 0.3 U/ml. The total serum IgE's of 40 volunteers ranged from 4 to 593 U/cc. These values agreed with the values determined by commercial PRIST assay with a correlation coefficient of 0.98. The MSPRIA is a specific, sensitive, convenient and economical means of quantitating total serum IgE.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Function studies of monocytes from patients with cyclic neutropenia.

In vitro studies of peripheral blood monocytes from patients with cyclic neutropenia have shown them to be able to phagocytize and kill bacteria as efficiently as PMN's, but not monocytes, from normal controls at both low and high ratios of bacteria to leukocytes. Monocytes from these patients, as well as from normal controls, are able to respond to chemotactic stimuli in vitro. In vivo Rebuck skin-window studies revealed the mononuclear cell response to be normal in these patients, even in the complete absence of circulating and inflammatory exudate neutrophils. These findings suggest that peripheral blood monocytes from patients with cyclic neutropenia are as phagocytically and bactericidally competent as normal peripheral blood neutrophils. As "stimulated" cells, they may serve as an effective line of defense against bacterial infections during periods of neutropenia in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Immunodeficiency, xanthomas and obstructive liver disease.

Chronic obstructive liver disease and secondary hyperlipidemia developed in an immunodeficient boy. Sequential addition of cholestyramine and phenobarbital to his medical regimen, following an initial response to bile drainage, resulted in the disappearance of xanthomas and pruritus, and the restoration of normal serum concentrations of lipids and bile acids. This improvement may result from shifting the bile acid pool from the peripheral blood compartment to the enterohepatic circulation.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1975

Genetic analysis of patients with chronic active hepatitis.

21 patients with chronic active hapatitis (CAH) and their families were HL-A typed. HL-A8 was significantly increased in frequency. An apparent increased frequency of HL-A1 was shown to be secondary to the increased HL-A8 due to linkage disequilibrium. Genotype analysis revealed a striking increased frequency of homozygosity for HL-A8, 6 of 21 patients (28.5%) vs. 2.8% of controls. Two patients and one normal who were homozygous for both HL-A1 and HL-A8 were found to be homozygous for a mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) determinant 8a. Homozygous 8a cells were used as test-stimulating cells in one-way MLC reactions to determine the frequency of the expression of the 8a determinant in 17 patients and 49 controls selected for HL-A type. 8a was found to be associated with 50% of HL-A8 haplotypes and was frequent in the patient and control populations of the same HL-A types. These data suggest that susceptibility to CAH is determined by homozygosity for a gene that is in linkage disequilibrium with HL-A8 and more closely associated with the HL-A second locus then with the locus for the major MLC determinant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1968

The pattern of genetic transmission of the leukocyte defect in fatal granulomatous disease of childhood.

The leukocyte-phagocytic function test which was found to be abnormal in boys with fatal granulomatous disease of childhood has been found to be abnormal to an intermediate extent in their mothers. Nine of nine mothers were shown to be abnormal, whereas none of eight fathers and none of five healthy brothers exhibited a defect. 10 of 16 female siblings were abnormal to the same degree as their mothers, as were all three maternal grandmothers available for study. Assuming that this intermediate functional defect represents the heterozygous state, the nine family pedigrees are entirely compatible with the concept that the trait is transmitted on the X-chromosome.A tetrazolium dye-phagocytosis histochemical test was also abnormal in the carrier females and provided independent confirmation of the selection of the female siblings suspected of being carriers for the trait. In addition, this procedure gives indirect evidence that the gene in question is subject to the random inactivation that appears to affect many X-linked genes in mammalian females. The family members were also studied with two of the metabolic assays that have been shown to be abnormal in the cells of affected boys. One assay, the oxidation of the first carbon of glucose-1-(14)C by the isolated leukocytes, was significantly abnormal in the cells of carrier females. The other assay, the oxidation of formate-(14)C by leukocytes of heterozygotes was not significantly different from control values. The practical problem of diagnosing patients would appear to be best solved with a tetrazolium dye procedure, whereas the more subtle abnormality in carrier females is best detected with the leukocyte function test. Improved methods for the function test are being developed.

Adult↗
PubMed1967

Studies of the metabolic activity of leukocytes from patients with a genetic abnormality of phagocytic function.

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes from patients with chronic granulomatous disease respond to the phagocytosis of latex particles with normal increments in glucose consumption, lactate production, Krebs' cycle activity, and lipid turnover. The leukocytes of these patients fail to show normal increments in respiration, direct oxidation of glucose, and hydrogen peroxide formation during particle uptake. It appears that the stimulation of respiration with the formation of hydrogen peroxide and stimulation of the direct oxidative pathway of glucose metabolism are closely linked to degranulation and intracellular killing of bacteria by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Citric Acid Cycle↗