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Biomedical subjects

A Sahar

Publications and source records attributed to A Sahar.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Intracranial hemorrhage in patients with hemophilia.

Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a life-threatening complication of hemophilia. Seven of the 288 hemophiliacs living in Israel suffered eight episodes of ICH during the years 1972 to 1982. All episodes occurred in hemophilia A patients, with a higher incidence among patients with factor VIII inhibitor. Diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomographic scan in seven of the eight episodes. Four of the 7 patients died despite adequate factor replacement and supportive therapy, probably due to a conservative and hesitant neurosurgical approach. The correction of factor VIII to hemostatic level alone is inadequate in the majority of cases, and there is sudden deterioration in the patient's condition and death. Operation is strongly recommended when no improvement is noted within a few hours.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Entrapped lumbar nerve root in pseudomeningocele after laminectomy: report of three cases.

The authors report three patients with symptomatic postlaminectomy pseudomeningocele. At operation a loop of a nerve root was found to be trapped within the dural defect. All three patients exhibited a delayed onset of radicular symptoms and signs after disc surgery. The pseudomeningocele was demonstrated computed tomography and myelography, but the entrapped root could be identified only at operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Importance of early radiologic diagnosis of congenital anomalies of the spine.

Manifest or occult spinal dysraphism in the absence of neurological symptoms is likely to remain undetected. Therefore, accurate and early diagnosis of such underlying anomalies is of prime importance for early surgical intervention in order to avoid late irreparable damage. During a period of just over 1 year, 17 such cases of spinal congenital anomalies were diagnosed by myelography with metrizamide and computed tomography-myelography. There were 16 cases of tethered cord, six with myelomeningocele, two with diastematomyelia, two with a split spinal cord, three with a lipoma, and the remaining three with vertebral anomalies. Scoliosis was present in 60%, weakness of both legs in 45%, and asymmetry of the feet in 25%. Some of these patients were initially brought to the orthopedic department for corrective surgery before undergoing a complete neurological evaluation; thus the radiologist was acting as the link between patient and neurosurgeon. Clinical experience has shown that surgical treatment can be successful and can thereby obviate further progression of neurological symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Recurrent cystic meningioma.

A case of a cystic meningioma recurring in its cystic form, two years after the initial removal, is presented. Regarded as a true cystic meningioma, the possible aetiology of the cyst formation is suggested. As the cyst wall itself may give rise to tumour cells, it is recommended that the initial operation should be directed at total removal of the tumour mass and cyst wall, thus reducing the possibility of a tumour recurrence. A CT finding of a hypodense lesion in a patient, operated on previously for a cystic meningioma suggests a recurrence of the tumour. However, other non-neoplastic changes should be considered.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Spinal intradural ependymal cyst: a case report and review of the literature.

Spinal intradural ependymal cysts are extremely rare. The case presented is the sixth reported in the literature. The symptoms are consistent clinically and radiologically with a spinal intradural space-occupying lesion. The cyst wall is lined with both ciliated and nonciliated cells, resting directly on connective tissue. The exact embryonal origin of these cysts is obscure.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Unusual delayed onset of diabetes insipidus following closed head trauma. Case report.

A case of delayed onset of diabetes insipidus (DI), which developed 27 days after a closed head injury, is reported. The patient sustained only a minor neurological deficit and, except for antidiuretic hormone (ADH) insufficiency, hypothalamic function was intact. This selective damage of posterior pituitary function was total and permanent. Ischemia due to vascular injury may be the most likely etiology. Once the diagnosis of delayed posttraumatic DI is confirmed, the treatment of choice is DDAVP (desmopressin acetate). In contradistinction to DI immediately following minor head injury, most patients with a delayed onset of DI after trauma have permanent ADH deficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Intermanual information transfer in patients with lesions in the trunk of the corpus callosum.

Interhemispheric transfer of haptic information was examined in six partially callosotomized patients and three control subjects. Three different portions of the trunk were severed in different subjects. The most anterior 10 mm of the trunk, anterior to the foramen of Monro, was sectioned in one patient. Three other patients had lesions restricted to the anterior part of the trunk posterior to the foramen of Monro. The posterior third of the trunk was damaged in two patients. The splenium, genu and rostrum of the corpus callosum were intact in all six patients, as were the anterior and hippocampal commissures. Poor transfer of haptic information was found only in the three patients with the lesion located in the anterior part of the trunk posterior to the foramen of Monro. The functional anatomy of this region is discussed. It is assumed to house fibers responsible for interhemispheric transfer of complex tactile information.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Growth and puberty arrest due to prolactinoma.

A 13-year-old male with prolactin secreting pituitary tumor is described. The unusual features were arrested puberty and growth. Previously reported pediatric patients with prolactinoma are reviewed. The importance of serum prolactin measurement and bromocriptine therapy is emphasized.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1984

Spinal arachnoid cyst with unusual presentation. Case report.

A case is reported of spastic paraparesis due to a thoracic spinal arachnoid cyst. Symptoms occurred about 10 years after craniospinal injury. The histological examination revealed hemosiderin-containing macrophages trapped in the cyst wall. This finding and its possible pathogenetic implications are discussed, and the pertinent literature is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Thoracic disc herniation associated with papilledema. Case report.

The occurrence of papilledema in a patient with progressive spastic paraparesis due to herniation of the T11-12 intervertebral disc is reported. The papilledema resolved following discectomy. The association and possible pathogenetic mechanisms between spinal cord lesions and signs of raised intracranial pressure are reviewed.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Computerized tomography in combat-related craniocerebral penetrating missile injuries.

Our experience in the use of computerized tomography (CT) in the evaluation and treatment of combat-related penetrating missile injuries of the head in 12 cases is summarized. Advantages observed in the use of CT include accurate delineation of in-driven bony and metallic fragments, the relation of hematomas to the missile tract and detection of brain abscesses. The availability of a CT scanner for use in military medicine may further reduce the mortality and morbidity due to combat-related cranial missile injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Trigeminal neurinoma with unusual presentation. Report of a case with trigeminal somatosensory-evoked response.

A patient with trigeminal neurinoma, presenting unusual symptoms, is described. There was no trigeminal sensory or motor deficit. The only presenting symptoms were unilateral abducens nerve paresis and alternating hemiplegic episodes. The trigeminal somatosensory-evoked response was normal before surgery. After complete removal of the tumor from both the posterior and middle cranial fossae, severe trigeminal sensory deficit ensued, accompanied by impairment of the evoked response. Improvement of the trigeminal nerve function could be predicted by significant changes in a repeat trigeminal sensory-evoked response obtained 2 months after the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Colonic complications of ventriculoperitoneal shunts.

Late perforation of the large bowel by the abdominal catheter of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is extremely rare. Four of the five reported patients subsequently died. We report here three patients who presented with this complication and were treated successfully. Bowel perforation by a VP shunt catheter should be considered when a shunt infection is secondary to gram-negative enteric organisms. It can occur without evidence of peritonitis, and the abdominal catheter can be removed percutaneously, thus avoiding a laparotomy.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1982

Increased intracranial pressure in post-traumatic rhinorrhoea.

Increased intracranial pressure coexistent with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhoea was encountered in five out of 46 patients with a persistent CSF leak. In four patients, hypertension was due to malabsorption of CSF. One patient had a post-traumatic intracerebral cyst. The various degrees of intracranial hypertension, their effects on the clinical course and modes of treatment are demonstrated by the cases reported. Many failures in repairing the fistulous tracts may not stem from lack of technique, but could be the result of treatment of only one of the two concomitant conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Cystic glioma of the brain stem with prolonged survival.

An unusual case of benign stem glioma with a 15-year survival is presented. In spite of 12 years of clinical quiescence, a focus of the tumor in the upper brain stem was found at necropsy. Morphologically, the tumor was a cystic pilocytic astrocytoma. The few previously reported similar cases in the same location were also associated with a favorable prognosis. It is suggested that, in analogy to the cystic cerebellar and cerebral astrocytomas, there is a group of cystic pilocytic astrocytomas of the brain stem with benign biological behavior.

Adolescent↗