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Biomedical subjects

A Sahar

Publications and source records attributed to A Sahar.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Conservative management of suspected prolactin secreting pituitary adenoma during pregnancy.

Seventeen women with prolactin levels of 100 ng/ml and above suspected of harboring prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma, from the basis of this study. Ten patients had radiological signs of an adenoma while in 7 the radiological criteria for such a diagnosis were not fulfilled. Ovulation and pregnancy were induced with bromocriptine in all 17 patients. They were carefully observed during pregnancy and following delivery. All gave birth to full-term babies after uneventful pregnancies, except for one patient who experienced intrauterine fetal death at 31 wk of gestation. It is our policy that women with suspected intrasellar prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma be allowed to conceive and give birth without previous surgical intervention. The patient should be closely followed during pregnancy for clinical symptoms of enlargement of the tumor, including periodic visual field examinations. In cases of neurologic or ophthalmologic complications, surgery or bromocriptine administration without interruption of pregnancy is advocated, or if lung maturity is achieved, delivery should be induced.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

Orbital meningocele presenting as periorbital cellulitis.

A case of orbital meningocele in a 15-day-old infant presenting as periorbital cellulitis, followed by meningitis, is described. Unlike other cases with the same anomaly, signs were not noted in the involved eye, neither before the cellulitis nor after recovery following antibiotic treatment. Preoperative, diagnosis was confirmed by tomography of the orbit. On operation a bony defect was found in the orbital roof, which was repaired. Recovery was uneventful.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed1980

Choroid plexus papilloma: hydrocephalus and cerebrospinal fluid dynamics.

Dynamics of the cerebrospinal fluid were measured pre- and postoperatively in a patient with a choroid plexus papilloma associated with hydrocephalus. The production rate was 0.35 ml/min, absorption 0.0057 ml/min H2O, and the critical opening pressure 196 mm H2O. Following removal of the tumor, these values were 0.32 ml/min, 0.0053 ml/min/mm H2O, and 105 mm H2O, respectively. It was concluded that no over-production of cerebrospinal fluid was present in this case. The hydrocephalus was due solely to obstruction of the fourth ventricle.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The recurrence of intracranial meningiomas.

A series of 126 patients with meningioma, operated upon 7-17 years ago, is reviewed as to the recurrence of the tumour. The overall rate of recurrence of the histologically benign lesions was 29 per cent. The most important factors influencing the prognosis were the site of the tumour and the degree of radicality of excision. Both factors were illustrated best in the parasagittal meningiomas, which carry the highest rate of recurrence. Infiltration of tumour into adjacent bone does not necessarily carry a higher risk of a clinically relevant recurrence. There seems to be a great variation in the rate of growth of different meningiomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Cranioplasty with pre-formed methyl methacrylate onlay plates.

The available manufactured plates for cranioplasty of large skull defects are not always satisfactory. Recently we have used preformed methyl methacrylate plates, in combination with Proplast. This plate prepared adjusted and sterilized before the operation is both cosmetically and mechanically satisfactory.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Experimental progressive hydrocephalus in the young animal.

22 puppies with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus were repeatedly studied for 4 months in respect to their head size, ventricular size, pressure and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics. The intraventricular pressure was markedly elevated during the first week and dropped towards the end of the first month of the hydrocephalic process. It then escalated and again returned to normal values after 3--4 months. Formation of CSF increased with age until it reached adult values of 0.049 ml/min at the age of 3 months. Absorption rates were very low initially. The absorptive capacity surpassed formation in the puppies which survived to the fourth month of the process. Ventricular size and rate of head enlargement correlated inversely with thickness of the skull. In the surviving puppies (4 out of 22) the hydrocephalic process seemed to have arrested.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Pseudohydrocephalus-megalocephaly, increased intracranial pressure and widened subarachnoid space.

Seven children with rapid enlargement of the head and other clinical features resembling hydrocephalus are described. All children remained with relatively large heads, developed slowly and all but one had various degrees of mental and motor handicaps. The EEG was disturbed in all cases; two children developed seizures. Increased intracranial pressure was present. In all patients the subarachnoid space was markedly widened while the ventricular system was normal or minimally dilated. The characteristics of this syndrome, the features distinguishing it from similar conditions as well as its possible mechanism are discussed.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Sodium nitroprusside for aneurysm surgery in pregnancy. Report of a case.

A 25-year-old woman in the 7th month of pregnancy was operated upon for a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Sodium nitroprusside was used to achieve effective controlled hypotension. Signs of foetal distress were transient. Subsequent delivery was spontaneous and uneventful. Development of the child at 2 yr was satisfactory. The various physiological aspects and the action of nitroprusside on both mother and foetus are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Experimental hydrocephalus: cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and ventricular distensibility during early stages.

Adult craniectomized cats, rendered hydrocephalic by intracisternal kaolin injection, were repeatedly studied as to parameters pertaining to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics and ventricular size. Intraventricular pressure was up to 8-fold of normal (mean 17.1 cm H2O) initially after induction of hydrocephalus and then went gradually down after 1 month. Ventricular volumes attained their maximum volume of approximately 4.5 ml at the very earliest study. The absorptive reserve (excess of absorption over formation rate of CSF) increased with time, thereby theoretically enabling the 'arrest' of the hydrocephalic process. Ventricular distensibility also increased with time, thus even the low ventricular pressure maintains the larger ventricular volume.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Brain lesion diagnosis by recording cochlear and brainstem responses to sound stimuli.

A technique has been developed for the recording of the cochlear action potential (electrocochleography) and the brainstem evoked responses to click stimuli by means of earlobe and scalp electrodes with an average response computer. This technique has already proved its usefulness in diagnosis of hearing loss. Since the brainstem responses are generated in the successive brainstem auditory nuclei and since the auditory nuclei and pathways constitute a relatively large volume of brainstem tissue, there is reason to believe that this same technique can also contribute to the diagnosis of brain stem lesions and their localization. When these recordings were made in patients with clinical signs of brain stem involvement, one (or more) of the usual response waves was smaller in amplitude, prolonged in latency, or completely absent. Recording of the cochlear and brainstem evoked potentials thus seems to be a new, simple and rapid tool for the diagnosis of brainstem lesions.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1978

Absence of formation of cerebrospinal fluid in the spinal subarachnoid space of the cat.

It is widely believed that formation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) takes place within the cerebral ventricles--80 to 85% being produced by the choroid plexus and the remaining 15 to 20% being secreted by the lining ependyma. It has also been suggested that CSF is formed within the subarachnoid space. To investigate this possibility. CSF formation was measured in the isolated subarachnoid space of the cat. In 16 animals that underwent 26 steady-state perfusions, the rate of formation of CSF was found to be only 0.00005 +/- 0.00056 (SE) ml/min. It is therefore concluded that little or no CSF is formed in the spinal subarachnoid space of the cat.

Animals↗