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Biomedical subjects

A Sanou

Publications and source records attributed to A Sanou.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Complications of thyroid surgery, apropos of 104 thyroidectomies at the Ougadougou University Hospital Center].

We report a series of 104 thyroidectomies collected in Surgery and ENT departments of the University Hospital Center (UHC) of Ouagadougou. This study was composed of 85 women (81.73%) and 19 men (18.27%) 8 to 73 years old. 49 unilateral resection and 85 bilateral one were realized. Histopathologic examination has been done for 54 specimen only: 49 benign lesions (95.20%) and 5 malignant lesions (4.80%) were noted. We have observed: 7 cases of hemorrhagic complications (6.73%) with 1 death, 10 cases of unilateral laryngeal recurrent nerve palsy, permanent in 4 cases (3.85%), 2 cases of upper laryngeal nerve palsy (1.92%), 2 cases of permanent hypoparathyroidism (1.92%), 5 cases of post operative infection (4.80%). There were 2 deaths (1.92%). These results are similar with other authors results but the frequency of thyroidectomy complications is still important. Improvements in clinical practice, more specialists and great experience would improve post operative results of thyroidectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Small-bowel duplication, apropos of a case in a child].

A pediatric case of small bowel duplication is reported. Non-specific abdominal pain was the main complain. A fixed hypogastric mass was found. Abdominal palpation under general anesthesia disclosed a movable intraperitoneal mass which proved at laparotomy to be a cystic duplication of the small bowel. The cyst was excised according to Norris procedure. Recovery was uneventful. Complications and therapeutic aspects of this rare condition are discussed.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1997

Dirt and diarrhoea: formative research in hygiene promotion programmes.

Investment in the promotion of better hygiene for the prevention of diarrhoeal diseases and as a component of water and sanitation programmes is increasing. Before designing programmes capable of sustainably modifying hygiene behaviour in large populations, valid answers to a number of basic questions concerning the site and the intended beneficiaries have to be obtained. Such questions include 'what practices favour the transmission of enteric pathogens?', 'what advantages will be perceived by those who adopt safe practices?' and 'what channels of communication are currently employed by the target population?' A study of hygiene and diarrhoea in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso, used a mixture of methods to address such questions. This paper draws on that experience to propose a plan of preliminary research using a variety of techniques which could be implemented over a period of a few months by planners of hygiene promotion programmes. The techniques discussed include structured observation, focus group discussions and behavioural trials. Modest investment in such systematic formative research with clear and limited goals is likely to be repaid many times over in the increased effectiveness of hygiene promotion programmes.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Male breast cancer in Africa, Apropos of 5 cases at the Ouagadougou University Teaching Hospital (Burkina Faso)].

A retrospective study of male breast cancer was undertaken at Ouagadougou University Teaching Hospital over a 3 year period (1993-1996). Authors report 5 cases representing 4.16% of all breast cancers. The patients' mean age was 61 years. The average duration of signs and symptoms before the diagnosis was 13 months. Clinically all the 5 cases presented advanced cancers (4 T4N2M0, 1 T4N2M1 according to UICC TNM System) with size ranging from 5.5, to 11.5 cm. Histology found: 2 medullary infiltrating carcinoma, 1 canalar infiltrating carcinoma, 1 colloid mucous carcinoma and 1 lobular infiltrating carcinoma. All patients had mastectomy associated with axillary clearance in 4 cases. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormonotherapy were not associated because unavailable in Burkina Faso. Three patients died: the first, 10 days after surgical treatment and the 2 others respectively after 14 and 17 months. We have lost sight 1 patients. The last one is still alive. Authors find that to get better prognosis, it is important to improve medical and technical means, to increase information and to promote early detection.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Congenital urachal fistulas: apropos of 2 cases in children].

Two paediatric cases of patent urachus are reported. In one of these cases, the anomaly was isolated whereas in the other case an omphalocele was also noted. Radical excision of the urachus with segmental resection of the bladder was easy and highly effective. Anatomy, complications and therapeutic aspects of this rare condition are discussed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1996

[Thyroid tumors. 83 operated cases].

The existence of a thyroïd tumour causes serious diagnostic problems. The retrospective analysis of 83 files collected between 1988 and 1993 (i.e. 6 years) allowed reviewing various diagnostic and therapeutic problems related to thyroid tumoral pathology in Burkina Faso. This pathology is more frequent in women (the sex ratio is 0.22). Clinical data show a high frequency of nodular goitre (87.95%) dominated by the multinodular form. The tumoral volume often proved impressive in most of our patients. Yet, at the histological analysis, 92.68% of thyroid tumours are benign, adenoma being in the lead (68.29% of cases). On the therapeutic level, in the absence of an isotopic exploration and extemporane analysis, surgical gesture was straightaway wide (60% of total or subtotal exerese). The post surgeries were satisfactory in general.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Problems after thyroid gland surgery in Burkina Faso, 83 cases].

Management of thyroid tumor can be problematic in developing countries due to poor diagnostic and therapeutic facilities. This is true in Burkina Faso where there are no facilities for radioisotope scans and intraoperative biopsy is usually unfeasible due to a shortage of histologists. The purpose of this retrospective analysis of the files of 83 patients who underwent surgery of the thyroid between January 1988 and December 1993 at the National Hospital Center of Ouagadougou was to obtain information necessary to define suitable pre-, per-, and post-operative strategies for these conditions. The mean delay to consultation for the 83 patients studied was 8 years. The fact that dysphonia and/or dysphagia was present at the first examination in 68 cases and that paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve was observed in 17 cases testifies to the advanced stage at which patients were seen. Cancer was confirmed in only 3 of the 41 surgical specimens that were examined (7.3%). In cases involving only one nodule with no signs of malignancy, resection of the nodule is justifiable (18.1% of cases). In other cases radical resection is indicated either by lobo-isthmectomy or subtotal thyroidectomy for diffuse or multinodular goiter (74.7% of cases) or by total thyroidectomy (7.2% of cases). The immediate postoperative period was marked by the occurrence of hemorrhage (n = 7), transient paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (n = 4), and infection of the surgical wound (n = 5). There were 2 deaths.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Thyroglossal duct cysts. Apropos of 17 cases in the National Hospital Center in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso].

The thyroglossal duct cysts originate from thyroglossal duct involution default. The case record of 17 patients admitted for that disease in the ORL department of the national hospital of Ouagadougou during those past 7 years, is reviewed. They represent 1.5% of patients operated in this department during the same period, all diseases concerned. In the present report, the thyroglossal duct cysts are essentially observed in children under 10 years old (13/17 patients). In most of the cases (12/17), our patients have needed medical advice for an anterior cervical tumefaction 7 years after the first symptoms. Between clinical and paraclinical findings we give preference to the first ones that can avoid, in most of the cases, a lot of complementary tests which are of limited interest and too expensive in our countries. In the therapeutic field, the Sistrunk technic has been recognized since 1920 as the best method. Our patients who have been operated according to that technic have no tendency to relapse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[CHolelithiasis in Burkina Faso (apropos of 44 cases operated on at NHC YO].

The authors relate 44 cases of cholelithiasis, operated on between 1986 and 1990 at the General and digestive Surgery Unit of the National Hospital Center YALGADO OUEDRAOGO of Ouagadougou. They established a progressive increase in the frequency of this affection thanks to the echographic diagnosis. The patients average age is 35 years old and paradoxically, the sex-ratio is for men. It is about lithiasis with some predominant pigment constituent, located in the vesicule area in 98% of the cases, associated in 18% with a localization in the common bile duct. The clinical symptomology is atypic. But the complicated forms with acute cholelithiasis, or with a big cholostasis liver and dilatation of the common bile duct, are not rare. The preoperative cholangiography is not used. All this resulting in frequent surgical procedures on the common bile duct. Anyway, the therapeutic results are satisfactory: the surgery death rate is 2.27% and there are few complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Cervical adenophlegmon (apropos of 57 cases)].

Neck adenitis remain a frequent occurrence in our areas. Within one year only, 57 cases were collected in the ORL department of University Hospital of Ouagadougou. Children were mostly affected (70% of cases) and the starting point or supposedly was mainly pharyngeal (67% of cases); streptococcus were the dominant microbes. Concerning the treatment, our preference was for wide antibiotherapy, in monotherapy but using wide spectrum, including staphylococcus aureus, due to its frequency in this pathology. But the primum movens remained the incision drainage. The post-operative period were regularly simple for our 57 patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Frameless isocentric stereotactic laser beam guide for image-directed microsurgery.

We have developed a frameless stereotactic multi-articulated arm suitable for image-directed microsurgery and surgical navigation. The system comprises a frameless isocentric mechanism and a three-dimensional (3 D) digitizer for intra-operative monitoring. Five joints of our multi-articulated arm are equipped with electromagnetic clutches, and the arms are provided with counterbalancing weights to ensure safe, smooth movement. Stereotactic microsurgical procedures were carried out with a laser beam guide mounted at the tip of the isocentric arm. We have used this system in 22 cases to resect tumours or epileptic foci. There were 12 cases of glioma, 5 cases of deep seated benign tumours, 3 cases of multiple metastatic tumours, and 2 cases of temporal lobe epilepsy. Postoperative enhanced CT images indicated total or subtotal resection in all cases. We also have used this system to determine the approach for clipping of a posterior cerebral artery aneurysm in 2 cases. The error of mechanical accuracy of the system was less than 1 mm. We believe that this system will prove useful in image-directed microsurgical procedures.

Brain Mapping↗
PubMed1987

Influence of heavy metals on the resistance of mice toward infection.

Previous studies have shown that heavy metals may exert marked immunomodulatory effects, at least in rodents, despite some discrepancies. However, the mechanism of their influence on the immune system is still unclear. As host resistance assays against experimental infections are generally considered as the most relevant criteria when predicting the immunotoxicity of drugs and chemicals, the effects of lead acetate, nickel chloride and sodium selenite on the resistance toward experimental Klebsiella pneumoniae infection was investigated in mice, with particular emphasis on the interference of the time of toxic exposure with the infectious challenge. Interestingly, one single intraperitoneal dose of 24 mg/kg lead or 4 mg/kg nickel enhanced the resistance of mice against Klebsiella pneumoniae when administered 24 hours before the infectious challenge, whereas host resistance proved to be impaired when the same dose was injected 5 hours after the infectious challenge. A 3-day pretreatment with 8 or 12 mg/kg lead also enhanced the resistance of mice but decreased it with 0.5 or 1 mg/kg nickel. In all cases, sodium selenite increased the resistance of mice toward infection. As lead, nickel and selenium appear to exert complex and possibly opposite effects on antibody response and phagocytosis, it remains to establish which immunotoxic consequences if any, an acute or chronic exposure to these heavy metals is likely to have in man.

Animals↗