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Biomedical subjects

A Schultz

Publications and source records attributed to A Schultz.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Activation of the c-H-ras proto-oncogene by retrovirus insertion and chromosomal rearrangement in a Moloney leukemia virus-induced T-cell leukemia.

A rearrangement of the c-H-ras locus was detected in a T-cell line (DA-2) established from a Moloney leukemia virus-induced tumor. This rearrangement was associated with the high-level expression of H-ras RNA and the H-ras gene product, p21. DNA from DA-2 cells transformed fibroblasts in DNA transfection experiments, and the transformed fibroblasts contained the rearranged H-ras locus. The rearrangement involved one allele and was present in tissue from the primary tumor from which the cell line was isolated. Cloning and sequencing of the rearranged allele and comparison with the normal allele demonstrated that the rearrangement was complex and probably resulted from the integration of a retrovirus in the H-ras locus between a 5' noncoding exon and the first coding exon and a subsequent homologous recombination between this provirus and another newly acquired provirus also located on chromosome 7. These events resulted in the translocation of the coding exons of the H-ras locus away from the 5' noncoding exon region to a new genomic site on chromosome 7. Sequencing of the coding regions of the gene failed to detect mutations in the 12th, 13th, 59th, or 61st codons. The possible reasons for the complexity of the rearrangement and the significance of the activation of the H-ras locus to T-cell transformation are discussed.

Alleles↗
PubMed1989

Closure of the abdominal fascia after clean and clean-contaminated laparotomy.

This prospective, randomized study compares continuous absorbable suture (Dexon), continuous nonabsorbable suture (Surgilon) and interrupted absorbable suture (Dexon) for fascial closure of clean and clean-contaminated laparotomy wounds. Three months postoperatively, the overall frequencies were for wound dehiscence 0% (0/238), wound infection 5.5% (13/238), hernia formation 0.4% (1/238) and sinus formation 0% (0/238). After a median period of 41 months (range 14-59 months) a physical examination was performed in 93.7% (224/238) of the patients and the observed overall frequency of hernia was 3.1% (7/224). No difference was detected in incidence of wound complications when comparing the three groups. We conclude that layered closure of a laparotomy wound is safe whether using nonabsorbable or absorbable sutures and whether applying a continuous or interrupted technique in the fascial closure of clean and clean-contaminated wounds.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1988

Plasma concentrations following oral and sublingual administration of lorazepam.

Lorazepam 2.5 mg was given as premedication either orally or sublingually to 20 patients undergoing minor gynaecological surgery. Plasma concentrations were followed for up to 8 h after administration. The time for the maximal plasma concentration (tmax) occurred 40 min after oral administration and 60 min after sublingual administration. No significant differences were found between the two treatments at any time. The plasma concentration after 8 h was high compared to the maximal plasma concentration.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

The production of recombinant HLA-DR beta and invariant chain polypeptides by cDNA expression in E. coli.

In this report we describe the production of recombinant fusion proteins of the HLA-DRw6 beta chain and the murine Ia-associated invariant chain. cDNAs encoding the human HLA-DRw6 beta chain and the murine Ia-associated invariant chain were introduced into bacterial expression plasmids. These plasmids direct the synthesis of the respective molecules as fusion proteins of the bacteriophage MS-2 polymerase by E. coli. Fusion proteins purified from crude E. coli lysates were used to raise antisera in rabbits. These antisera were able to immunoprecipitate biosynthetically labelled class II and invariant chain antigens. Additionally, two anti-DR antisera were raised against single domains of the HLA-DR beta chain thus generating reagents with a defined fine specificity. The anti-murine invariant chain serum was shown to cross-react with the human invariant chain and therefore may be useful for studying invariant chain and Ia antigen expression in different species. The method described here permitted us to produce large quantities of immunologically relevant proteins, for use in the production of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Soluble fragments of the fusion proteins representing certain DR domains may also be useful in functional immunological studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Lumbar trunk muscle use in standing isometric heavy exertions.

A study was conducted to see whether a biomechanical model previously validated for predicting the lumbar spine internal loads imposed by the performance of easy and moderately strenuous physical tasks was also adequate for predicting loads imposed by heavy exertions. Lumbar trunk muscle myoelectric activities were measured in 10 healthy young adult men performing a variety of less strenuous and more strenuous tasks while standing upright, and these were compared to the lumbar muscle contraction magnitudes predicted by the model. For the less strenuous tasks, measured activities and predicted forces showed strong linear correlations, confirming the validity of the model at those load levels. Model predictions for the more strenuous tasks were often found to be inadequate. Contrary to model-incorporated assumptions, substantial antagonistic muscle contractions sometimes occurred, intraabdominal pressurization may sometimes have contributed substantially to the maintenance of structural equilibrium, and the ligamentous tissues of the trunk seemed sometimes to develop substantial passive resistances to bending and twisting moments.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Ureteroscopy: results and complications.

The results and complications of 100 consecutive ureteroscopy studies are reported. Introduction through the orifice or the intramural ureter failed in 11 per cent of the patients and in 14 per cent the ureteroscope could not be advanced up to the level of the lesion. Ureteroscopy was successful in 75 per cent of the patients and stone extraction was successful in 69 per cent. Complications occurred in 9 patients: 4 had an uncomplicated urinary tract infection, 4 had a ureteral perforation and 1 presented with ureteral stenosis at the site of the extracted stone a few weeks later. At followup 1 to 3 months after ureteroscopy clinical examination, excretory urography and/or renography revealed no further late sequelae.

Endoscopes↗
PubMed1987

Capsid protein VP4 of poliovirus is N-myristoylated.

Poliovirus was labeled in vivo with [3H]myristic acid. Analysis of the capsid polypeptides revealed that the [3H]myristic acid residues copurified with VP4, the smallest and internal capsid protein of the virion. Evidence is presented showing unambiguously that the N-terminal glycine residue of VP4 is N-myristoylated. A previous analysis of the tryptic peptides of VP4 [Dorner, A. J., Dorner, L. F., Larsen, G. R., Wimmer, E. & Anderson, C. W. (1982) J. Virol. 42, 1017-1028] had shown that the N-terminal blocking group exists on all VP4 molecules as well as on VP0 and P1, two precursor polypeptides to VP4 in poliovirus. The possible function of the myristic acid residue in VP4 and in its precursor in poliovirus proliferation is discussed.

Capsid↗
PubMed1987

Effects of age and sex on the external induction of scoliosis in rats.

To guide inquiries into the mechanisms for progression of mild scoliosis in humans, the authors investigated the effects of age and sex on the response of spines to externally applied deforming moments using a rat model. Groups of male and female rats, with initial ages of 3, 6, or 24 weeks, were held for five weeks in restraints that laterally deformed their trunks. In response to these deforming moments, the spine of every animal studied acquired an at-least-temporarily fixed lateral curve. Without exception, when deforming moments were applied, the rats' spines deformed. Neither age nor sex was an important factor in this response. The implications of these results to possible mechanisms of scoliosis curve progression in humans are discussed.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

Urinary undiversion with implantation of an artificial urethral sphincter.

Urinary undiversion was performed in a 21-year-old man with a contracted flaccid bladder. The steps of the procedure were: bladder dilatation; antireflux implantation of an ileal conduit into the bladder; external sphincterotomy, and implantation of an artificial urethral sphincter. The patient is continent and has a good bladder capacity and emptying. In many patients with urinary ileal conduit diversion, upper urinary tract and stomal problems develop after some years. In these patients urinary undiversion must be considered but, so far, evaluation showing a high risk of postoperative incontinence has been regarded as a contraindication to urinary undiversion. However, the introduction of artificial urethral sphincters has made it possible to perform undiversion procedures in many of these patients in whom the bladder capacity and bladder emptying is acceptable, if a nonobstructed outlet is secured. We describe the findings and procedures in a patient undergoing urinary undiversion with implantation of an artificial sphincter 8 years after urinary diversion due to neurological disorders caused by a myelomeningocele.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Symptoms and signs predictive of the voiding pattern after acute urinary retention in men.

Over a 9-month period 228 men were admitted for acute urinary retention to six different casualty wards in the Copenhagen area. The patients were followed in the corresponding urological departments for one year. Twenty-seven variables were registered for each patient. The cumulative rate of recurrent retention was 56% after one week and 68% after one year. Factors predictive of preserved voiding ability were a retained volume less than 500 ml, a known event provocative of acute retention, and a maximum flow rate of more than 5 ml/s after the retention. The maximum flow rate measured within the first week after the retention was reliable within the follow-up period if the voided volume was 150 ml or more. The etiology of the acute retention was infravesical obstruction in 90% of the patients, and 85% required subsequent surgical treatment. Predictive of surgical treatment for infravesical obstruction were recurrent urinary retention within one week, a volume of retention of more than 500 ml, the absence of a provocative situation prior to the retention episode and nocturia twice or more.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Acute urinary retention in women: a prospective study of 18 consecutive cases.

Over a 9 month period 18 women were admitted for acute urinary retention to six different Copenhagen hospitals, serving a population of approximately 700,000 people. Urodynamically 9 patients had underactive detrusor function, 2 had infravesical obstruction and 3 had both underactive detrusor function and infravesical obstruction. In 4 patients bladder and urethral function were not classified. In 10 patients a provocative event preceded the retention episode. Eleven patients developed recurrent retention within 3 months and 7 patients had persistent severe obstructive voiding problems. Best prognosis was found for patients with correctable infravesical obstruction and for patients with minimal symptoms prior to the retention episode.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Back pain and spinal deformity in cystic fibrosis.

Back pain is a common complaint of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). We studied back pain in our patient population in three ways: a questionnaire, an orthopedic evaluation, and a survey of chest roentgenograms. Forty-seven patients with CF reported back pain as compared with seven controls. Patients with CF showed decreased muscle strength and mobility in the trunk, chest, and shoulders. The incidence of structural kyphosis was only 8.7%, but many had vertebral wedging. Much of the back pain may be due to postural abnormalities or to vertebral wedging, not fixed structural kyphosis.

Adolescent↗