Phosphorus metabolism and auxin action.
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Adenine Nucleotides↗
Biomedical subjects
A Spring
Publications and source records attributed to A Spring.
Dose-dependent rate of nosocomial pulmonary infection in mechanically ventilated patients with brain oedema receiving barbiturates: a prospective case study.
In a prospective case study we investigated whether the application of barbiturates in artificially ventilated patients with brain oedema has dose-dependent effects on the rate of nosocomial pneumonia. Pneumonia developed within the first seven days of controlled ventilation in patients receiving barbiturates; furthermore, the rate of nosocomial pneumonia was significantly higher in patients receiving barbiturates than in the control group without barbiturates (7.7%; p less than 0.0181); thus a clear dose dependency was shown (high-dose group: 43.8%, low-dose group: 21.4%). In all patients with pneumonia, colonization of the respiratory tract with pathogenic organisms preceded the pulmonary infection by four days. Under barbiturate therapy colonization of the respiratory tract occurred in all patients and one or two days earlier than in the control group, in which only 70% of the patients were colonized. These differences were significant for each of the first six days after hospitalization (p less than 0.0001-0.013). While in the high-dose group both colonization and pneumonia were caused mainly by gram-positive pathogens, mixed gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens were isolated in groups 2 and 3. Thus the higher rate of pneumonia of 43.8% in the high-dose group suggests a need for regular and semiquantitative monitoring of the causative agents and their antibiogram. Such measures could lead to early recognition with high predictability of the development of nosocomial pneumonia in colonized patients, allowing for timely application of the most appropriate antibiotics.
Adolescent↗
[Degenerative changes of the cervical facet joints in the medial and lateral atlantoaxial joint - a paleopathological study].
AIM: This article describes the prevalence of degenerative changes of the upper cervical spine (C1-C2) and cervical facet joints found during investigations of spinal column remains. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted on a sample of 196 cervical spines from southwestern Germany which derive from the 6th to 8th centuries AD. The degenerative lesions were classified into grades 1 (marginal osteophytes), 2 (uneven joint surfaces), or 3 (osseous ankylosis). RESULTS: Of the skeletons examined, 19.4 % (n = 38) showed degenerative changes of the cervical facet joints and/or upper cervical spine (mean age at death was 44 years). The medial (6.1 %) and lateral (0.6 %) atlanto-axial joints were rarely involved in degenerative changes. The facet joints from C3-C4 to C6-C7 showed degenerative changes in 8.0-11.7 % of cases (usually grade 1 and 2). The C2-C3 facet joints were significantly involved in degenerative changes in 19.7 % of cases, one fourth of which were osseous ankylosis (grade 3). CONCLUSION: The C2-C3 facet joints showed a high rate of degenerative changes.
Adult↗
Intracranial hemangiopericytoma in a child.
Hemangiopericytoma in the central nervous system is a rare tumor occurring predominantly in supratentorial sites. Classification may be confusing because the tumor may mimic the histological pattern of other vascular neoplasms. The particular feature of hemangiopericytoma are pericytes of blood vessels; they distinguish it as a separate and distinct tumor. The case of a 3 3/4-year-old child with a 3 3/4-year course is reported with a tumor in the middle fossa, the diencephalon, and the brainstem. The cystic tumor was resected twice. The child is presently alive with neurological deficit. The clinical, radiographic and histological findings are presented. The role of aggressive surgical treatment is emphasized.
Brain Neoplasms↗
The effect of age on the learning of a nondeclarative category classification task.
A category classification task was administered to participants in their twenties through their eighties. Participants studied a set of high distortions of a prototype dot pattern and were then asked to choose whether or not a new set of dot patterns (random patterns, high distortions, low distortions, and the prototype) belonged to the same category of dot patterns as studied. Participants were also administered a recognition test after studying a second set of dot patterns. There were no significant differences for age groups on the pattern recognition test. In 2 of the 3 analyses of the category classification task, there were no significant age effects. However, there was a small age effect in one analysis with the young making more accurate classifications on two aspects of the task. The results are consistent with the view that small age-related effects may exist for some tests of nondeclarative memory.
Adolescent↗