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A Tabib

Publications and source records attributed to A Tabib.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Myocardial bridging on the left anterior descending coronary artery and sudden death. Apropos of 19 cases with autopsy].

In order to determine the relationship between myocardial bridging and sudden death, the authors analysed retrospectively the macroscopic and histological features of 19 cases of myocardial bridging of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) out of a series of 930 medicolegal autopsy studies. The patients (15 men and 4 women) had an average age of 39.2 years. A potentially lethal cardiac abnormality was found in addition to the myocardial bridge (ischaemic, cardiomyopathy, conduction tissue lesion) in 11 cases; in the other 8 cases, 7 had minor abnormalities and 1 heart was absolutely normal (a 47 year old woman who died while swimming but not of drowning). All hears had fresh, microscopic, ischaemic lesions in the territory of the LAD artery, demonstrated by LIE staining (basic fuschin). The anatomical lesions of the coronary arteries at the site of bridging were varied: 11 dense collagen fibrosis of the adventicia, 16 intimal fibroses of varying degrees of thickness (10 circumferential), 2 atherosclerotic plaques (a 40 and a 54 year old man), 2 recent thromboses (1 at the site of the bridge in a 50 year old man, and the other just distal to the bridge in a 25 year old man). In only 1 case (39 year old woman) there were no microscopic changes of the LAD artery at the site of the myocardial bridge. The hypothesis of the responsibility of the myocardial bridge in the occurrence of sudden death, either during an acceleration of the cardiac rhythm (milking effect) or by thrombotic or spastic phenomena, cannot therefore be excluded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Bone marrow metastases in small cell lung cancer: detection with magnetic resonance imaging and monoclonal antibodies.

The detection of bone marrow involvement might be of prognostic value and may influence therapeutic decisions in small cell lung cancer. By unilateral bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, evidence of bone marrow metastases is seen in 15-30% of patients with this disease. Since magnetic resonance imaging of the lower body and immunostaining with monoclonal antibodies have recently been shown to be very sensitive detection methods, we investigated the value of these two techniques in detecting bone marrow involvement in 35 consecutive patients with small cell lung cancer. The results were compared to those obtained with conventional cytohistological analysis. In all cases when cytology and/or bone marrow biopsy were positive, monoclonal antibodies immunostaining and magnetic resonance imaging also detected malignant cells. Furthermore, evidence of bone marrow involvement was shown with magnetic resonance imaging and/or immunostaining in 10 of 26 cases (38%) where routine procedures were unable to detect malignant cells. In one of these 26 patients, magnetic resonance imaging and immunostaining provided the only evidence of metastatic disease. These data suggest that the rate of bone marrow metastases is underestimated by routine procedures. Further investigation is needed to determine whether or not these new non-invasive methods have prognostic value or affect therapeutic choices in small cell lung carcinoma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[Pulmonary contusions. Anatomo-radiologic aspects].

Simultaneous use of pathologic and microangiographic methods in 47 patients with lung contusions due to a closed chest injury with no parietal lesions differentiated between: early traumatic lesions consisting in alveolocapillary ruptures and hematomas distributed at random throughout both lungs, with immediate disseminated intraalveolar hemorrhage as a result; and secondary lesions, known as "shock lung", which are mainly the result of intraalveolar hemorrhage. All these lesions explain the usual development of various forms of fibrosis, responsible clinically for refractory hypoxia.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Establishment of a transformed line of arterial smooth muscle cells].

Biology of the vascular cells is widely studied by means of cell culture techniques. In the present work the description of a transformed cell line of arterial smooth muscle cells is presented. The cell line, named V8, has been established from cells of adult rat aortic media. The cells presented proliferation characteristics in vitro, in soft agar, and in vivo in nude mice demonstrating a tumorigenic ability. This cell line provides an interesting model for the study of growth regulation of arterial smooth muscle cells specially in the areas of hypertension and atherosclerosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Technics for the exploration of pulmonary arteriovenous shunts in liver cirrhosis. Apropos of 2 cases].

Pulmonary arterio-venous shunts represent a rare cause of hypoxia in cirrhosis. We present two cases, the first was an alcoholic cirrhotic with anthracosilicosis. This patient rapidly developed a picture of significant hypoxaemia with a raised alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient. The presence of this shunt was confirmed by a scintigraphic analysis. A porto-pulmonary localisation was excluded by a changing angiographic picture. Death supervened after refractory hypoxaemia. Post mortem microangiographic studies confirmed the pulmonary nature of the shunt and its pre-capillary localisation. The second patient was alcoholic, with a compensated cirrhosis and developed severe hypoxaemia which progressed to death in less than two months, when he was being treated effectively with corticosteroids for a diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis confirmed histologically. The pulmonary localisation of the shunt was confirmed by an analysis of the angioscintigraphs. The different techniques for the investigation of intra-pulmonary shunt are discussed, as well as the patho-physiological mechanisms involved. The hormone levels measured (sex hormones, serotonin, prostaglandins, intestinal hormones) remained normal. The therapeutic trials tried out (oestrogen, CPD Choline, indomethacin) were ineffective.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Renal autotransplantation versus bypass techniques for renovascular hypertension.

From 1972 to 1983, 78 patients underwent surgical treatment for renovascular hypertension caused by a lesion limited to the trunk of the renal artery. Forty-five of these patients underwent aortorenal bypass (24 saphenous grafts and 21 arterial hypogastric grafts); 36 patients (80%) had either a relief of the hypertension or were improved. Graft closure occurred in five cases. Thirty-three patients were treated by autotransplantation of the kidney. After resection of the lesion, the renal artery was anastomosed end-to-end to the hypogastric artery or end-to-side to the common iliac artery and the renal vein and side-to-side to the iliac vein or the origin of the vena cava. In this group all patients but one (97%) had relief of the hypertension or were improved. No thrombosis was observed. Late angiography was performed 5 years after surgery in 19 patients (nine autotransplantations and 10 bypass operations): patients who underwent autotransplantation had no alteration of the renal vessels whereas four patients who underwent bypass operations had dilatation of the saphenous vein bypass. Renal autotransplantation was superior to the bypass technique in the surgical treatment of renovascular hypertension caused by lesions of the trunk of the renal artery and may represent a better alternative in the surgical treatment of this condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Lambl's excrescences].

First described in 1856 as small, filiform, pale outgrowths from the free border of the cardiac valves, larger specimens can now be detected by echocardiography. We analysed 30 consecutive cases to define the anatomic of LE were determined macroscopically and histological examination was then carried out with six different stains. LE was found on 18 aortic, 10 mitral, 2 tricuspid and 2 pulmonary valves in the 30 patients examined. Their size ranged from 2 to 12 mm with 7 examples being over 5 mm long. Histologically there appeared to be two forms: mobile, pediculated lesions (20 cases) either with the usual changes of an acellular fibrous axis containing rings of granulous orcenophilic material or with more complex associations of these changes resulting in pseudo-papillomata of the valves; the second form of LE is incorporated in the valve itself. It thickens the valve and becomes covered by a layer of flattened endothelium. The histological study suggested several pathogenic mechanisms, all related to local conditions rather than to general circulatory changes: folding of the valvular endothelium onto itself followed by organisation into tubular structures filled with oedema and hyaklin, deposits of fibrin layers on zones of endothelial ulceration caused by trauma on the line of apposition of the cusps with partial detachment of fibrinous material which then endothelialises; finally, subendocardial incorporation of oedema, fibrin, and red blood cells. Although LE may occur in association with non-bacterial thrombolic endocarditis, these two conditions do not seem to be related.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Female↗
PubMed1985

[Coronary embolism. Apropos of 61 anatomo-clinical cases].

We reviewed 61 autopsy cases of coronary embolism observed over an 18 year period (up to the end of 1983) out of a total of 4 860 post-mortems performed on adults dying of cardiovascular causes in order to determine the nature and site of embolisation, the site of origin and establish the clinical features and evolution. A total of 75 emboli were found in the 61 cases (47 single, 11 double and 3 triple emboli). The emboli were recent fibrinothrombi in 43 cases; there were 9 associated calcific emboli, 2 embolized fragments of myocardium, 1 of Teflon and 1 of malignant tissue; the diagnosis was made "retrospectively" in 5 cases on a number of criteria. The main site of embolisation was the left anterior descending artery (34 cases) followed by the right coronary (20 cases), left circumflex (14 cases) and left main coronary artery (7 cases); obstruction was observed at the coronary ostium (7 left, 2 right) in 9 patients. The origins of the emboli were varied: 19 intracardiac thromboses (left atrial 10, left ventricule 6, suture of left atriotomy 3) 12 bacterial vegetations in cases of infective endocarditis, 10 thrombosis of prosthetic valves, 9 calcific emboli (8 aortic stenosis, 1 calcification of the ascending aorta) and 10 others.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cardiomyopathies↗
PubMed1985

[Cardiac abscess in infectious endocarditis. Apropos of 25 anatomo-clinical cases].

Although rarely suspected clinically, cardiac abscesses are a serious and not uncommon complication of infective endocarditis (IE). Twenty-five cardiac abscesses were found at autopsy in 125 cases of IE on native valves. The anatomoclinical features of these cases are described. Cardiac abscesses usually occur in patients with previous valvular heart disease (21/25) and more commonly in aortic valve endocarditis (15/25) especially when complicating calcific aortic stenosis (9/25). The predominant infecting organism was staphylococcus aureus (9 cases). An iatrogenic portal on entry was confirmed in 9/25 cases. Conduction defects (14/25) commonly led on to sudden death (9 cases) despite attempts at temporary pacing (14/25) commonly led on to sudden death (9 cases) despite attempts at temporary pacing (2 cases%. The clinical history was shorter than 2 months in 4/5 cases. The average age of the patients was 53.3 years. The commonest site of infection was the aortic valve (16/25), affecting the posterior cusp in all cases. It is difficult to summarise the localisation of the abscesses as collection of pus extended in all directions. Involvement of the valve rings (aortic 10 cases--mitral 5 cas), of the interventricular septum (15 cases), of the LV free wall (17 cases), was common, sometimes in association, and fistula formation between two different cavities was observed in 4 cases. The abscess may communicate with a cardiac chamber or remain enclosed in the parietal structures (17 cas) reaching an average size of 2 cm diameter. Histological examination distinguished collected forms with an identifiable pyogenic membrane from the extensive, gangrenous, necrotic form with detectable microbial colonies in 9 cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abscess↗
PubMed1983

[Budd-Chiari syndrome caused by obstruction of the hepatic veins].

A Budd-Chiari syndrome was observed in a 11 year-old girl who was admitted to hospital for abdominal pain and distension, soon followed by severe shock. X-ray investigations, surgery and autopsy showed partial stenosis of the common portion of the left hepatic veins associated with a complete obstruction of other hepatic veins but without alteration of the inferior vena cava.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1982

Post-traumatic-shock lung: postmortem microangiographic and pathologic correlation.

In post-traumatic-shock lung, increased pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary hypertension are prominent features. The explanation for them was sought by postmortem microangiography of the lungs of 17 patients dying of respiratory failure after trauma. The 10 patients with thoracic injury died earlier (1-8 days). Extravasation of contrast material due to alveolar capillary rupture was present in all but one specimen and occupied 20% of the sampled area. Pulmonary artery thrombi lay proximal to these extravasations. Hypovascular areas due to infection and hemorrhagic alveolitis were found in all patients and involved 40% of the surface area. The small pulmonary arteries were poorly filled and contained many microthrombi. Some patients had hematomas, cavities, and areas of interstitial edema occupying about 5% of the lung area and associated with compressed or occluded vessels. Several mechanisms including pulmonary trauma may be responsible for the antemortem rupture and obstruction of small blood vessels. In the post-traumatic-shock lung, small artery occlusion and compression are associated with pulmonary hemorrhage, infarction, and infection and are important contributors to perfusion abnormalities and respiratory failure.

Adolescent↗