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Biomedical subjects

B Andersen

Publications and source records attributed to B Andersen.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Plasma enteroglucagon after jejunoileal bypass with 3:1 or 1:3 jejunoileal ratio.

Enteroglucagon concentration in peripheral blood was determined before and after a test meal in 24 morbidly obese patients. Eighteen had jejunoileal bypass, 6 with a 3:1 and 12 with a 1:3 jejunoileal ratio of the functioning segment, and 6 were unoperated. All three groups exhibited an increment of enteroglucagon concentration after the meal. Both the fasting values and the postprandial integrated increments were higher in operated patients than in unoperated patients and higher after 1:3 bypass than after 3:1 bypass. The findings agree with the hypothesis that enteroglucagon secretion is stimulated by exposure of the lower bowel to upper-bowel content, and that the effect of enteroglucagon is, as seen after bypass operation, stimulation of growth and reduction of motility of the intestine.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Total plasma cholesterol in obesity after jejunoileal bypass with 3:1 or 1:3 jejunoileal ratio. A randomized trial.

Total plasma cholesterol (TPC) was measured repeatedly in 95 morbidly obese patients who had been randomized to non-operative management or jejunoileostomy with either a 3:1 or a 1:3 jejunoileal ratio. Initially, TPC was on average 6.4 mmol/l. and it remained stable in those not operated on. Within 1 month of surgery TPC decreased to a mean of 3.9 mmol/l, at which level it remained for the following 3 years. There was no difference in TPC between patients who had a 3:1 and those who had a 1:3 jejunoileal ratio of the functioning segment. Previous studies indicated that the increase in degradation of cholesterol to bile acids is much less in 1:3 than in 3:1 bypass. This study suggests that the changes in cholesterol metabolism after jejunoileostomy are dependent on the length of functioning jejunum and ileum in such a way that the effects of the two segments counterbalance each other.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1979

Mucosal enzyme activities in the functioning intestine one and six months after jejuno-ileal by-pass operation for obesity.

Enzyme activity changes in the functioning segment (the shunt) of the small intestine during the first 6 months after by-pass operation for obesity were investigated. At the ligament of Treitz no significant changes in disaccharidase activities occurred, whereas two intracellular beta-galactosidases showed increased activities after 1 month. In the jejunal part of the shunt (studied in patients operated on with a long jejunal functioning segment) there was an in most cases temporary decrease in lactase activity after 1 month. Other enzymes studied showed less pronounced changes. In the ileal part of the shunt (studied in patients operated on with a long ileal functioning segment) the initially low enzyme activities increased especially after 6 months towards the levels normally seen in the jejunal mucosa. The lactase activity, however, remained low also after 6 months. Adaptive changes in the functioning small-intestinal segment is probably an important factor in weight stabilization and, in some cases, in the weight increase that recurs after the initial period of rapid weight loss after by-pass operation for obesity.

Disaccharidases↗
PubMed1979

Postoperative pulmonary complications in upper abdominal surgery. A randomized clinical comparison between physiotherapy and blow-bottles.

Blow-bottles were compared with conventional postoperative pulmonary physiotherapy in a randomized trial of 98 patients undergoing gastric or biliary tract surgery. Radiological evidence of postoperative pulmonary lesions found by "blind" evaluation of the films occurred with the same frequency in the two groups (30.6%). Blow-bottles were found preferable to physiotherapy because they are less time-consuming.

Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1979

Palpatory estimation of liver size. Within- and between-observer variation.

A study based upon 23 patients revealed substantial within- and between-observer variation, when 14 senior and junior surgeons under blindfold conditions were requested to measure the distance from the thoracic cage to the lower border of the liver in the midclavicular and midsternal lines. Clinical decisions should accordingly not rely heavily upon a palpatory estimate of liver size.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Lactose malabsorption after bypass operation for obesity.

After bypass operation for obesity the remaining lactose-hydrolyzing capacity of the functioning shunt is very low, especially if the shunt is constructed from a shorter jejunal and a longer ileal segment. In most cases a temporary decrease in the lactase activity of the jejunal part of the shunt occurs during the first postoperative months. In the present study lactose provoked or aggravated diarrhoea and other symptoms in 20 of 33 shunt-operated patients, and 10 patients reported milk intolerance postoperatively. Oral glucose tolerance tests indicated that the lactase activity was rate limiting for lactose absorption postoperatively.

Diarrhea↗
PubMed1978

Specific visualization of the distribution of the calcium dependent regulatory protein of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (modulator protein) in tissue culture cells by immunofluorescence microscopy: mitosis and intercellular bridge.

Monospecific antibodies against the homogeneous Ca++ dependent regulatory protein of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (CDR protein) from bovine brain were used in indirect immunofluorescence microscopy to visualize the cytoplasmic organization of this key regulatory protein in growing tissue culture cells. Although cells during interphase reveal only a weak general cytoplasmic fluorescence, a dramatic reorganization of CDR protein occurs with the onset of mitosis. Throughout the different mitotic stages CDR protein is strongly concentrated in the two polar parts of each half spindle. After completion of telophase (CDR protein appears at both cytoplasmic ends of the intercellular bridge which still connects the two daughter cells. Parallel use of monospecific antibodies against CDR protein and tubulin emphasizes the spatial restriction in the localization of CDR protein during mitosis and early G1 phase of the cell cycle.

Calmodulin↗
PubMed1978

[A new safe system for the prevention of peroperative hypothermia (author's transl)].

On the basis of our experiences and data from the literature concerning thermal injury by warming blankets in anaesthetized patients, a new and safe system for the maintenance of body temperature during the operation is described. The following advantages are emphasized: 1. Adjustable double-thermostat with audible alarm. 2. Easy-to-read control thermometer of water bath. 3. Thermal blanket water temperature cannot rise above 43 degrees C.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1977

Abdominal scintiphotography with 99mtechnetium-labelled albumin in acute gastrointestinal bleeding. An experimental study and a case-report.

In a new diagnostic method in acute gastrointestinal bleeding, after an intravenous injection of 99mtechnetium-labelled albumin, the distribution of radioactivity in the abdomen is followed for 40-60 minutes by sequential scintiphotography. The site of simulated gastrointestinal bleeding could be identified in all five volunteers. In a patient with severe bleeding from diverticula in the sigmoid colon the method gave a correct estimate of the site of the bleeding and of its rate.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1976

A double-blind trial of baclofen against placebo in the treatment of schizophrenia.

Twenty male chronic schizophrenic patients participated in a double-blond between-patient study of the GABA-like drug baclofen to evaluate the antipsychotic effect of baclofen. No difference was found between the 10 patients who received baclofen and 10 who received placebo with regard to the number of days before a worsening of their psychiatric condition necessitated treatment with chlorpromazine, the total score for psychotic symptoms before and after treatment for 10 weeks, or the total consumption of chlorpromazine. Discontinuation of baclofen did not exacerbate the psychotic symptoms. Baclofen was superior to placebo in the treatment of anxiety, which is of particular interest in view of the recent theories on the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines. The relationship between the gabergic system and the dopaminergic system with regard to the substantia nigra and the corpus striatum is discussed as well as the suggestion based on animal experiments that baclofen has an antipsychotic effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Value of routine estimation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate in surgical patients.

The value of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as a screening test has been assessed through a retrospective analysis of 1648 surgical patients, in whom this test was not necessary for diagnosis, treatment or evaluation of risk factors. The ESR was inexplicably elevated in 42 patients (2.5%), but a marked increase was found in only very few cases, and in none had this finding been of any consequence for the admission in question. One patient had a malignant disease, which was not diagnosed during hospitalization, but the reasons for this were incorrect interpretation of relevant diagnostic procedures. We conclude that ESR can be excluded as a screening test in surgical patients, when diagnosis and therapeutic measures can be decided by history-taking and physical examination.

Blood Sedimentation↗