Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B Arora.
Although rare, congenital lipomatosis presents during first few months of life as large sub-cutaneous fatty masses on chest with extension into skeletal muscle bundles. Only a few such cases have been reported in the literature. A rare case of congenital fibrolipoma of anal canal in a 3-day-old male child is being documented in the present report.
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AIMS: Primary tumours of bone present a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge at times. Silver stained nucleolar organiser regions (AgNORs) have been widely used in a variety of tissues but with a limited study on bone tumours. Our study was aimed at the evaluation of AgNOR count in various neoplastic lesions of bone. METHODS: : One hundred biopsies of bone lesions were included in this study. Five samples of foetal lumbar vertebrae obtained from foetal autopsies were taken as control. The study included 58 males and 42 females with age ranging from 5 to 70 years. Fifty-two cases were malignant while 48 were benign in nature. Silver staining for nuclear organiser regions was performed according to one-step silver staining technique in these cases. NORs seen as black dots were counted in the nuclei of 100 cells. RESULTS: Our study revealed that the mean count was highest in malignant lesions (4.00+/-0.69) compared with benign lesions (2.16+/-0.43) and normal bone (1.32+/-0.14). Statistically, the AgNOR count showed a significant difference (P<0.001) in all these lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study revealed that malignant lesions had a greater mean AgNOR count than benign tumours and the normal bone. Thus, quantification of AgNORs strongly correlates with the type as well as aggressiveness of the bone tumour and is diagnostically useful in tumour differentiation.
Isolated conjunctival amyloidosis is extremely rare and usually diagnosed histologically instead of clinically. This has been variously reported as an unusual cause of ptosis, complication of trachoma, painless nodular aggregates and recurrent subconjunctival hemorrhages. Once diagnosed, evaluation for systemic disease is advised though results of examination are almost always negative and frustrating.
The present study was conducted on 25 cases of preterm, premature rupture of membranes and 25 patients preterm with intact membranes, between 28-36 weeks of gestation, admitted in the maternity ward of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PGIMS, Rohtak. The sensitivity and specificity of CRP determination was found to be 80% each as an early predictor of subclinical chorioamnionitis. TLC had a low sensitivity of 20% and specificity of 60% in detecting histopathological chorioamnionitis. So CRP estimation is a reliable marker for detection of early choriamnionitis, at the same time, it is quite affordable and reasonably simple.
In an attempt to assess the significance of mucin stains in benign and malignant lesions of prostate, 200 prostatic biopsies in the department of Pathology, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak were studied. All the biopsies were subjected to PAS and alcian blue staining along with H&E stain. Neutral mucin (PAS positive) was more frequently observed in benign prostatic lesions (93.3%) as compared to carcinoma (36%) while acid mucin (AB positive) was found more in carcinoma prostate (68%) as compared to benign prostatic lesions (16%). The positivity for acid mucin was more in well differentiating tumour decreasing significantly in high grade malignancies. With both types of mucin, luminal positivity was slightly more as compared to cytoplasmic positivity.
45 years old woman with solitary amyloid tumor of breast is described. Clinically, the breast mass was hard and was suspicious of carcinoma. Microscopically there was no neoplasia. Instead there was extensive fibrosis with amyloid deposition in perivascular periductal areas and also in intervening stroma. The presence of amyloid was confirmed by Special stains and by Polarised microscope. Investigations revealed no evidence of systemic amyloidosis or amyloid related illness.
Primary malignant lymphomas of the breast (PBL) are uncommon constituting only 0.04 to 0.53% of malignant breast neoplasms. We wish to report the clinical, cytological and histologic findings of PBL diagnosed in a 52 years old female.
A case of myxoma of mandible in a 23 years old female patient is described. The case was treated with enbloc resection and bone graft from iliac crest. No recurrence is reported after 4 years follow up.
The number of AgNORs per nucleus correlates with cellular proliferation and independently with malignant change. AgNOR number was studied in 200 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck, the count increased with increasing grade and the size became smaller and irregular with increasing grade of carcinoma. This study seems to suggest that this method has utility in grading of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck.
Biopsies from 300 cases with clinical diagnosis of carcinoma cervix were subjected to H&E staining, PAS with diastase and alcian blue at pH 2.5. Interpretation of cases on basis of H&E staining alone and on basis of H&E and mucin stains was done and results compared with each other. Categorization into squamous cell carcinoma (well, moderately & poorly differentiated), adenocarcinoma and mixed carcinoma was done. Morphologic assessment of cases of H&E stain revealed 282 (94%) cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 8 (2.66%) cases of adeno carcinoma and 10 (3.38%) cases of mixed carcinoma respectively. While on the basis of H&E and mucin stains, squamous cell carcinoma case turned out to be 266 (88.66%) in number; mixed carcinomas which included adenosquamous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma with mucin secretion accounted for 26 (8.66%) of cases, number of adenocarcinoma was unchanged i.e. 8 (2.66%). 16 of 282 cases (5.6%) diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma on H&E stain alone were reclassified as mixed carcinoma on inclusion of mucin stains. Thus mucin stains are very helpful in deciding the types of carcinoma cervix and should be done in all cases of carcinoma cervix in order to avoid errors in diagnosis and to detect poorly differentiated mixed carcinomas, which may escape detection by H&E staining.
A rare case of Castleman's disease of retroperitoneum is reported. The patient was an operated case of serous papillary carcinoma ovary. She was found to have an abdominal mass during follow-up. The mass was considered to be metastatic in origin and was resected. Histologically, it was diagnosed as a case of Castleman's disease.
OBJECTIVE: To develop and test a cardiac prevention and rehabilitation programme for achieving sustained lifestyle, risk factor, and therapeutic targets in patients presenting for the first time with exertional angina, acute coronary syndromes, or coronary revascularisation. DESIGN: A descriptive study. SETTING: A hospital based 12 week outpatient programme. INTERVENTIONS: A multiprofessional family based programme of lifestyle and risk factor modification. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Non-smoking status, body mass index, blood pressure, plasma cholesterol, use of prophylactic drugs. RESULTS: 158 patients (82% of 194 possible cases) were recruited over 15 months, with 72% completing the programme. Targets for achieving non-smoking status, blood pressure < 140/90 mm Hg, and total cholesterol < 4.8 mmol/l were achieved in 92%, 73%, and 62%, respectively, and the proportion on aspirin, beta blockers, and lipid lowering treatment was 95%, 58%, and 64% on referral back to general practice for continuing care. CONCLUSIONS: A comprehensive cardiac prevention and rehabilitation programme can be offered to all patients presenting for the first time with coronary heart disease, including those with exertional angina who are normally managed in primary care. Lifestyle, risk factor, and therapeutic targets can be successfully achieved in most patients with such a hospital based programme.
Urethral hemangioma is an exceedingly rare, benign tumor which commonly presents as urethral bleeding. Urethroscopy is the best diagnostic procedure. There are various treatment modalities and appropriate therapy is individualised depending upon site, size and number of hemangiomas. We report a case of solitary urethral hemangioma present in the bulbar urethra. The patient presented with spontaneous profuse hematuria and was managed by wide excision of the hemangioma.
Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic neuropathy in rats was monitored by measuring the motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and histopathology of the tibial nerve. Pretreatment with lisinopril (2 mg/kg p.o., 5 days prior to STZ and continued for 10 weeks) significantly (p < 0.01) prevented deterioration of MNCV as compared to STZ-diabetic animals. Nerve sections from the lisinopril pretreated group revealed less structural damage as compared to STZ-diabetic rats. However lisinopril had no effect on blood sugar, i.e., it did not alter the diabetic state. It is concluded that lisinopril prevents the development of experimental diabetic neuropathy in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
A rare presentation of Pseudomyxoma Peritonei of hernial sac is described. The patient was admitted for repair of an inguinal hernia. During herniorraphy large amount of mucinous material was found in hernial sac. Microscopy revealed epithelial glandular cells with bland appearance within mucinous pools. A search for primary remained fruitless.
True synovial based hemangiomas are rare lesions and should be differentiated from mass lesions especially pigmented villonodular synovitis. A case of 4 years old male child, presenting with recurrent painful swelling, is described in the present article. The differential diagnosis is also discussed.
A 25-year-old man and a 14-year-old boy presented with neurocutaneous cysticercosis involving the eyelid. Both patients had hundreds of scattered subcutaneous cysticerci. They were arranged in clusters over the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the neck. Such clustering of cysticerci is highly suggestive of central nervous system (CNS) involvement, as both the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the CNS are supplied by the carotid artery and cysticerci travel via the hematogenous route. We used ultrasonography to diagnose subcutaneous cysticercosis, which showed characteristic low reflective cysts and high reflective scolices inside. Although subcutaneous cysticerci are inconsequential, their verification is important in the diagnosis of more severe CNS involvement. They may be confused with other painless swellings such as lymphadenopathies, neurofibromas, and epidermoid cysts.