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Biomedical subjects

B Bültmann

Publications and source records attributed to B Bültmann.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Fatal outcome of a congenital aneurysm of the right sinus valsalvae ruptured into the right atrium].

In a 24-year-old female patient with sudden collapse an acute tricuspid insufficiency was presumed by echocardiography after the exclusion of pulmonary embolism. Aortography, however, revealed an aneurysm of the right sinus of Valsalva which had ruptured into the right atrium. Despite emergency surgery the patient died in protracted cardiac shock. Biopsy and autopsy showed pathognomonic findings of a congenital aneurysm (medial degeneration, reduction of elastic lamellae). Aneurysms of the sinuses of Valsalva are mainly caused by a rare connatal defect of the aortic wall; the right aortic sinus is involved most frequently, the sudden rupture uncovers the lesion. The characteristics of the reported case are compared with the literature under special consideration of etiology and pathologic anatomy of this unusual entity.

Aortic Aneurysm↗
PubMed1994

In vitro assessment of luminal dimensions of coronary arteries by intravascular ultrasound with and without application of echogenic contrast dye.

To evaluate the impact and limitations of intracoronary ultrasound in the assessment of lumen, we examined 80 segments of 20 isolated coronary arteries with a mechanical ultrasound device (CVIS) comparing the results of ultrasound with the corresponding histological specimens. Ultrasound was performed with and without echogenic contrast dye (Laevovist, Schering AG, FRG). After application of contrast dye, correlation of luminal area between histology and ultrasound was improved from r = 0.85 to r = 0.89 (p = ns). Accuracy of lumen measurements was low in segments < 2.5 mm; only after application of contrast dye a relationship between ultrasound and histological measurements was found. In all cases in which a deviation of more than 20% between ultrasound and histology was observed, this deviation could be reduced by the application of contrast dye. There are considerable limitations in the accuracy of ultrasound measurements in the near field. Thus, further improvement of intracoronary ultrasound devices is mandatory. However, with the use of the currently available systems, additional application of echogenic contrast dye can improve accuracy of luminal measurements, especially in smaller size vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of two mechanical ultrasound devices with and without echogenic contrast dye.

To evaluate the impact and limitations of intracoronary ultrasound, 64 segments of 13 isolated coronary arteries were examined and 2 mechanical devices (device A, 30 MHz 5Fr [CVIS] and device B, 20 MHz 4.8Fr [Diasonics/Boston Scientific] were compared with the corresponding histologic specimens. Luminal dimensions were assessed with and without echogenic contrast dye (Laevovist, Schering AG, Germany). After application of contrast dye, correlation of luminal area between histology and ultrasound was improved from r = 0.62 to r = 0.77 (device B; p < 0.05) and from r = 0.82 to r = 0.88 (device A; p = NS). Low accuracy of lumen measurements in segments < 2.5 mm could be improved by application of contrast dye. The number of quadrants in which wall thickness measurements were impossible was significantly higher for device B (n = 56; 22%) than for device A (n = 28; 11%); p < 0.01. This may be due to the different ringdown diameters of both systems (B, 2.6 mm; A, 2.0 mm; p < 0.0001). In assessing wall thickness only in segments of > 2.5 mm, a reliable correlation between ultrasound and histology was found (A, r = 0.80; B, r = 0.60). Sensitivity of plaque (n = 51) detection was lower for device B (63%) than for device A (82%, p < 0.05), and measurements correlated with histology only for device A. There are considerable differences in the accuracy of ultrasound measurements between mechanical systems. Nevertheless, additional application of contrast dye can improve accuracy of luminal measurements, especially in smaller vessels.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Investigation of bone marrow lymphocyte subsets in normal, reactive, and neoplastic states using paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens.

Bone marrow lymphocyte subsets in normal and reactive states and in neoplastic diseases involving the marrow were investigated with a select panel of monoclonal antibodies reactive on routinely processed, paraffin-embedded trephine biopsy material. In all cases, the antibodies beta F1 and UCHL1 (CD45RO) stained virtually equal numbers of T cells (reactive and neoplastic), whereas antibody OPD4 stained only about one half of this number of T cells. Antibody L26 (CD20) stained B cells (reactive and neoplastic) in all specimens. The T-cell to B-cell ratio in the normal marrow was between 4:1 and 5:1, and a significant increase in T-cell numbers was observed in reactive and myelodysplastic states. A significant increase in B-cell numbers, however, was seen only in marrow infiltrated by B-cell lymphoma. Bone marrow exhibiting infiltrates of B-cell lymphoma, acute leukemia, or myeloproliferative disorders showed normal or decreased numbers of T cells. These findings show that antibodies UCHL1, beta F1, and L26 can be used to determine the numbers of B and T lymphocytes in paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed bone marrow specimens and thus may help to distinguish reactive T lymphocytosis from B-cell lymphoma.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1993

Molecular pathogenesis of enterovirus-induced myocarditis: virus persistence and chronic inflammation.

In situ hybridization studies have proved that myocardial enterovirus infections are detectable in all stages of acute and chronic enterovirus-induced myocarditis as well as in some patients with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy, suggesting the possibility of myocardial enterovirus persistence. Possible enterovirus persistence in the human heart is supported by the discovery of enterovirus persistence in different murine models of chronic myocarditis, demonstrating that coxsackievirus B3, typically a cytolytic enterovirus, is capable of evading immunological surveillance in a host-dependent fashion. Progress is currently being made in unraveling the molecular mechanisms of enterovirus persistence, the diversity of host and virus genetics and their impact on the nature and severity of the disease. Apart from providing an etiologic diagnosis, there are therapeutic implications from the in situ demonstration of myocardial enterovirus infection. Evaluation of specific antiviral agents, for example interferons, may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies capable of providing protection against myocardial enterovirus infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Demonstration of Epstein-Barr viral DNA in paraffin-embedded specimens of lymphoproliferative syndrome. Evidence for a productive infection comparable to lymphoblastoid cell lines.

B-cell lymphoproliferative syndromes (LPS) occurring in immunodeficient subjects are frequently associated with EBV infections. Histology as well as EBV-related serology are not diagnostic, but demonstration of EBV DNA in LPS suspected lesions might be useful for diagnosis. We studied four autopsied cases of LPS that developed in the setting of bone marrow transplantation, with proliferations ranging from poly- to monoclonal. Our protocol of DNA extraction allowed detection of EBV DNA in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of all four cases. In dot blot hybridization the sensitivity in these specimens was 10% as compared to fresh frozen material, but still sufficient for a biotinylated probe. Southern blotting with the former DNA was not successful due to extensive degradation. In situ hybridization resulted in positive signals in all cases, using either 35S or 3H labeled probes. The labeling pattern suggested virus replication in B cells of LPS. By this, LPS resembles productively infected lymphoblastoid cell lines rather than latently EBV-infected Burkitt's lymphoma (BL). These findings strengthen the concept of LPS as a distinct clinicopathologic entity, differing from monoclonal, latently EBV-infected BL, as well as from polyclonal infectious mononucleosis, and the more common EBV-negative Non-Hodgkin lymphomas of the immunocompetent host.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The involvement of oxygen radicals in acute pancreatitis.

The purpose of this study was to assess the involvement of oxygen radicals in acute edematous and hemorrhagic pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis was induced in rats by the CCK-analogue cerulein (5 micrograms/kg/h) and by retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate for 30 min, 3.5 h, and 12 h. At the end of the infusion and observation time, serum enzymes, conjugated dienes, and malondialdehyde in the tissue were measured. Moreover, the tissue samples underwent light microscopical examination. In cerulein pancreatitis, an interstitial edema and intravascular margination of granulocytes in the pancreatic gland were observed after 3.5 h. After 12 h, the histological evaluation revealed a pronounced zymogen degranulation, extensive tissue necrosis and migration of granulocytes into the tissue. Parallelly, amylase and lipase increased by 15 and 35 times, respectively. In contrast, conjugated dienes and malondialdehyde increased in cerulein pancreatitis and reached their highest level after 3.5 h and decreased to normal levels after 12 h. The development of the histological damages and serum enzyme levels with sodium taurocholate pancreatitis was similar as compared to the cerulein pancreatitis, however, the development was faster and more traumatic. Already after 3.5 h an extensive zymogen degranulation and cell necrosis was observed. Concomitantly, the amylase and lipase levels increased by 90 and 30 times, respectively. Treatment with superoxide dismutase (100,000 U/kg/h) and catalase (400,000 U/kg/h) prevented lipid peroxidation and reduced zymogen degranulation and tissue necrosis. Tissue edema and inflammatory response were not affected in both models of acute pancreatitis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Glycolipid storage material in Fabry's disease: a study by electron microscopy, freeze-fracture, and digital image analysis.

The glycolipid storage material in Fabry's disease was studied by electron microscopy of thin-sectioned (TS) and freeze-fractured (FF) specimens. In the kidney all deposits were found to be located in lysosomes, arranged as lamellar stacks. Deposits in the heart consisted of intracytoplasmic concentric whirls or folded lamellar structures. High resolution TS micrographs disclosed various defects in the lamellar structure. For stabilization, such defects require additional amphiphilic, surface-active molecules. These molecules could interact with other cellular constituents. The lamellar periodicity of the deposits in FF specimens was determined by reconstruction of the three-dimensional fracture face by digital image analysis. Homogeneous multilamellar deposits exhibited a periodicity of 14-15 nm, contrasting with the conventional estimates of 4-5 nm on TS micrographs. This difference is explained by better preservation of the physiologic hydrated state in FF specimens, with 1 vol of lipids binding 2 vol of water. Inhomogeneous structures with an even higher state of hydration included water lenses between the sheets. The strong hydration obviously contributes to the enlargement of the intracellular glycolipid deposits.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Comparison of ultrasound-controlled fine needle and coarse needle puncture of defined lesions in the abdomen].

Within a 2-year period 677 diagnostic fine needle (DFP) and coarse needle punctures (DGP) were performed in 536 patients. In 34 patients (14 women; 20 men; 54 +/- 17.6 years) the abdominal tumour mass was punctured with the fine needle (22 g) as well as with the coarse (18 g) needle. Sensitivity of DGP accounted for 72%, sensitivity of DFP was 82.6%. Specificity was 100%, respectively. Complications could not be observed, neither with the coarse needle nor with the fine needle. Due to the high sensitivity of DFP this method should be employed first in the diagnostic work up of abdominal tumours.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Oxygen free radicals in acute pancreatitis of the rat.

This study aimed to assess the role of oxygen free radicals in acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis was induced in rats by infusion of the CCK-analogue cerulein (5 micrograms/kg per hour) for 30 minutes, 3.5 hours, and 12 hours. After the infusion, serum enzymes and conjugated tissue dienes and malondialdehyde were measured and tissue samples were subjected to electron and light microscopy. Electron microscopy after 30 minutes showed moderate intracellular alterations. After 3.5 hours of cerulein infusion interstitial oedema and intravascular margination of granulocytes in the pancreatic gland were seen. After 12 hours histological evaluation showed pronounced zymogen degranulation, extensive tissue necrosis, and migration of granulocytes into the tissue. Amylase and lipase activities increased 15 and 35-fold respectively during this time. After 30 minutes of cerulein infusion conjugated dienes and malondialdehyde increased, they reached their peak after 3.5 hours and decreased to normal values after 12 hours. Treatment with superoxide dismutase (100,000 U/kg/hour) and catalase (400,000 U/kg/hour) either before or after the start of the cerulein infusion prevented lipid peroxidation and reduced zymogen degranulation and tissue necrosis. Tissue oedema and inflammatory response, however, were not affected in any of the treated rats. Oxygen free radicals are instrumental in the development of acute pancreatitis. Even after its onset, scavenger treatment reduced the tissue damage normally observed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Involvement of oxygen radicals and phospholipase A2 in acute pancreatitis of the rat.

The purpose of this study was to assess the involvement of oxygen radicals and phospholipase A2 in acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis was induced in rats by the CCK-analogue cerulein (5 micrograms/kg.h) for 30 min, 3.5 h, and 12 h. At the end of the infusion, serum enzymes and the lipid peroxidation products conjugated dienes and malondialdehyde in the tissue were measured. Moreover, tissue samples underwent lightmicroscopical examination. After 3.5 h cerulein, an interstitial edema and a beginning accumulation of granulocytes in the pancreatic gland is observed. These changes are aggravating within 12 h, leading to tissue necrosis and migration of the granulocytes into the tissue. Concomitantly amylase and lipase increased by 15 and 35 times, respectively. Conjugated dienes and malondialdehyde increase already after 30 min cerulein and reach their highest levels after 3.5 h cerulein. At the same time the tissue activity of phospholipase A2 is elevated three fold. Rats were treated with superoxide dismutase and catalase before cerulein infusion. Treatment significantly prevents tissue necrosis, granulocyte accumulation, and edema formation. The enhanced activity of phospholipase A2, however, is unaffected by the treatment. Oxygen radicals seem to be instrumental in the development of the disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

The role of lipoproteins in EBV early antigen induction in Raji cells.

Synthesis of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) associated early antigen (EA) can be induced by a variety of agents in Raji cells, a latently EBV-infected Burkitt lymphoma line. We investigated the role of lipoproteins in this EA induction system. Cell growth was not affected by lipoprotein-deficiency, but EA induction by most combinations of the inducers TPA (tetradecanoyl-phorbol-acetate), IdU (iododeoxyuridine), n-BA (n-butyric acid), anti-IgM and EA inducing factor (EIF), was greatly reduced. Only the inducer combination TPA/n-BA was completely independent of the presence of lipoproteins, indicating a different induction pathway. Removing the lipid moieties of the culturing serum did not result in reduced EA induction. Thus, the lowered EA inducibility in lipoprotein-deficiency is due to the absence of the protein moiety (apolipoprotein). Addition of HDL or VLDL partially reconstituted the original EA inducibility, whereas LDL had no effect. Lipoproteins were particularly important during the first 4 hours of induction, the phase where inducers may act on cell membrane structures (e.g., receptors). But lipoproteins were also required throughout the incubation period, even in a late and inducer independent phase.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1988

Morphological changes and membrane potential of human granulocytes under influence of chemotactic peptide and/or echo-virus, type 9.

The membrane potential, Em, of human granulocytes (PMNs), was recorded using glass microelectrodes. The membrane potential Em exhibited potential fluctuations accompanied by characteristic changes of cell shape. The periodic potential fluctuations (7-s, 70-s, and 260-s periodicities) ascertained by the autocorrelation technique, suggested the existence of an internal clock. The chemoattractant f-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) had no influence on the periodicities, whereas the amplitudes of the fluctuations were increased by it. Treatment of PMNs with Echo 9 virus also resulted in hyperpolarization. The 70-s periodicity disappeared under virus treatment indicating a virus-induced change of the internal program and loss of chemotactic activity.

Cell Transformation, Viral↗
PubMed1988

[Fine needle aspiration of the skin: diagnosis of malignant lymphoma and of cutaneous manifestations of myeloid hemoblastosis].

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the cutis was carried out in 103 patients suffering from malignant lymphomas and myelogenous leukemias. All biopsies were performed using a novel aspiration device. Only in 7.8% of cases was it not possible to establish a cytological diagnosis because the biopsy specimens obtained were inadequate. The sensitivity of the method was 96.8%. There was a close correlation between the cytological and the final diagnosis (contingency coefficient C = 0.96). The method was equally efficient for primary evaluation as it was for the follow-up of patients with hematological neoplasms.

Biopsy, Needle↗