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Biomedical subjects

B Brun

Publications and source records attributed to B Brun.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Early response to chemotherapy as a prognostic factor in Hodgkin's disease.

In 164 patients with Hodgkin's disease staged between 1973 and 1979 the response to the 3 initial cycles of multiagent chemotherapy was evaluated as a prognosticator of survival. Treatment of localized disease (Stages I, II, III1) consisted of 3 cycles of chemotherapy followed by subtotal nodal irradiation, including the splenic area in non splenectomized patients. Treatment of extended disease (Stage III2 and IV) consisted of 6 cycles followed by low-dosage radiotherapy of initial bulky disease. Five-year actuarial survival was 88% in Stage I, 80% in II, 100% in III1, 45% in III2 and IV. Chemotherapy-induced complete remission after 3 cycles (CH leads to CR) was associated with a favorable prognosis. Five-year survival of Stage III2 and IV patients was better in those who reached CH leads to CR than in those who did not (75% versus 25%; P less than 0.01). This relationship between CH leads to CR and five-year survival was confirmed in patients with localized disease, as shown in Stage II patients (respectively 97% versus 63%; P less than 0.05). Therefore the response to initial chemotherapy provides a new prognostic factor that may serve to delineate a "high-risk" group of patients. The latter deserve aggressive therapy while those in the favorable group would benefit from a less aggressive combined regimen that would minimize long-term complications.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Multiple myeloma with high tumoral mass. Treatment combining melphalan, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, CCNU and prednisone. 35 cases].

The results of a combination chemotherapy trial (melphalan, CCNU, vincristine, cyclophosphamide) involving 28 patients with stage III (n = 21) or stage II (n = 7) multiple myeloma suggest a high response rate, with a mean 71% malignant cell destruction in 78.5% of the patients. A longer survival in responsive stage III patients as compared with patients treated with alkylating agents seems likely, but this can only be established by a randomized trial. Despite haematological side-effects, this combination therapy may be used in high risk patients, especially those resistant to a single alkylating agent and in whom the frequency, intensity and duration of responses appears to be the same as in previously untreated patients. In contrast, only one of the 7 patients treated for relapse after previous response to a single alkylating agent responded to the combination chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Treatment of malignant glioma. Apropos of 39 cases].

Thirty-nine patients with malignant gliomas (36 glioblastomas, 3 astrocytomas grade III; age median 52.5) were treated after surgery by combination chemotherapy followed by irradiation. The median survival on the actuarial curve is 7 months. An attempt is made to evaluate each therapeutic modality by analysis of clinical and CT parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Radiological changes of the hands in systemic sclerosis.

Radiological examination of the hands was performed in 41 patients with systemic sclerosis. Pathological changes were found in 39 patients. Eighteen patients had subcutaneous calcifications and 11 had atrophy of the finger pulps. Bone resorption of ungual tufts was found in 11 patients. Juxta-articular osteoporosis was seen in 9 patients and periarticular bone erosions in 8 patients indicating erosive arthropathy. Osteoarthritis and generalized osteoporosis were seen in 10 and 7 patients, respectively. Radiological examination of the hands is recommended during treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Bacterial septicemia in neutropenia patients].

Two hundred bacterial septicemia occurring in neutropenic patients (PMN less than 1,000 microliter) were analyzed. Most of these patients had hematologic malignancies. The underlying disease, the degree of neutropenia the association of septic focus with the bacteremia, the responsive microorganisms and their evolution during hospitalization were studied as prognosis factors. The overall mortality was 32.5 p. 100. The mortality was higher in patients whose granulocyte count was lower than 500 microliter. The occurrence of major septic focus (pulmonary, perineal infection, diarrhea with abdominal distension, ORL, or cutaneous extensive focus) during bacteremia was a highly significant factor of bad prognosis. The mortality of bacteremias with and without major septic focus was respectively 62 p. 100 and 15 p. 100. A study of the distribution of the bacterias was performed in terms of mortality and duration of hospitalization. "Escherichia coli" and gram positive cocci were predominant during the two first days and mortality was then low. After that time, others Gram-negative bacterias appeared, especially "Pseudomonas aeruginosa" and the mortality was increasing until the twentieth day. Therefore, the authors raise the opportunity of antibiotic therapy according to the duration between the beginning of the hospitalization and the occurrence of sepsis in neutropenic patients. The role of the extensive use of a curative antibiotic association using colistine and nalidixic acid between 1974 and 1976 is discussed in the emergence of more gram positive cocci bacteremias between 1976 and 1978 than between 1974 and 1976 in the same intensive care unit.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1983

[Acute leukemia and breast cancer : apropos of 12 cases observed in the Department of Oncology at the Henri Mondor Hospital].

The authors report 12 cases of acute leukemia observed after breast cancer. 4 patients received only adjuvant radiotherapy, whereas the other eight received both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Acute leukemia appeared with a mean time of 5.5 years after the detection of breast cancer and was preceded in 7 cases by isolated pancytopenia during 4 months. Acute leukemias were always non lymphoblastic and myelofibrosis was very frequent. A complete remission was obtained at three patients out of the seven treated. The mean survival time was 5.6 months. The existence of acute leukemia after chemo-and/or radiotherapy poses several problems. The detection of patients with a high risk of leukemia by different methods such as cytogenetic, studies of dysmyelopoietic symptoms, is actually often too late occurring during preleukemia states of bad prognosis. We also need to know the exact incidence of secondary leukemia after treatment of breast carcinoma and the real benefit of such treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Ultrasonography, computed tomography, and cholescintigraphy in suspected obstructive jaundice--a prospective comparative study.

In order to compare their capacity to visualize the bile ducts, ultrasonography, computed tomography, and cholescintigraphy were performed in 56 consecutive jaundiced patients in whom extrahepatic cholestasis was clinically suspected. The predictions as to the patency of the large bill ducts were compared with the final diagnoses made on the basis of direct cholangiography together with autopsy, biopsy, operative findings, and the clinical course. Thirty-nine patients (70%) had obstructed bile ducts, and 17 (30%) had patent large bile ducts. Using a simple scoring scale with 112 points as the maximum, ultrasonography obtained 72 points, computed tomography received 56 points, and cholescintigraphy totalled 37 points. Nonsignificant trends were found in favor of ultrasonography as compared with computed tomography and of computed tomography as compared with cholescintigraphy (p greater than 0.05), whereas ultrasonography was significantly better than cholescintigraphy (p = 0.01). However, because computed tomography is expensive and may imply a higher number of secondary direct cholangiographies than ultrasonography, we recommend ultrasonography as the first choice for noninvasive bile duct visualization. Computed tomography is an alternative method, whereas cholescintigraphy cannot be recommended.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1982

[Malignant lymphomas and sarcoidosis (author's transl)].

Five cases of sarcoidosis associated with malignant lymphoma are reported. In one patient, sarcoidosis was diagnosed several years after the onset of Hodgkin's disease. Of the remaining 4 patients, three developed nodular mixed lymphoma and one immunoblastic lymphoma (complicating angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinaemia) 3 months to 12 years after sarcoidosis were diagnosed. Such cases are extremely rare. They may be due to coincidence, but Danish epidemiological data suggest a relationship between the two diseases. Overstepping of humoral immunity in sarcoidosis may induce the emergence of a clone of formerly quiescent neoplastic B-cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Transport of Na+ by monensin across bimolecular lipid membranes.

Transmembrane 22Na fluxes across bimolecular lipid membranes are measured under two different experimental conditions: (a) the pH is the same in the two bulk aqueous solutions on either side of the membrane while the concentrations of Na+ are different; (b) the concentration of Na+ are identical but pH of the two solutions are different. In this latter case, the transport of Na+ occurs in the opposite direction to the difference of the proton concentration. In both cases, the electrical charge flux in negligible. A transport model is proposed to account for the experimental data.

Biological Transport, Active↗
PubMed1981

Distribution of 250 cases of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) according to the FAB classification and response to therapy.

250 consecutive cases of AML in adults were diagnosed over a 6 year period in the same institution. Pretreatment blood and bone marrow smears and also cytochemical markers were taken into account in the study. All cases were reviewed by three different observers and classified according to the FAB criteria. The final diagnosis resulted from agreement of at least two observers. Some discrepancies occurred in the classification and are discussed. The prognostic implication of AML subclassification was assessed as the percentage of complete remission in 100 cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

CT in retroperitoneal fibrosis.

Of 23 cases of surgically proven retroperitoneal fibrosis evaluated by computed tomography (CT), 11 were examined preoperatively, while 12 were examined by CT in a retrospective study. The fibrosis appeared as a prevertebral retroperitoneal mass or as a fibrous sheet covering the central vessels and the ureters in 15 patients. The CT appearance corresponded well with the surgical findings in these cases. CT failed to visualize the fibrosis in eight cases mainly when the fibrosis was limited to the pelvis surrounding the distal ureters. A combination of retroperitoneal fibrosis and aortic aneurysm was found in five cases. CT is considered valuable in the evaluation of patients wtih suspected retroperitoneal fibrosis. It gives direct information about the fibrosis and is usable also in uremic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pathological seminal plasma proteins by cellulose acetate electrophoresis.

Pathological seminal liquids were studied by using cellulose acetate electrophoresis as well as biochemical doses of proteins, acid phosphatases, reducing sugars, and zinc. It was also possible to show the frequent total absences of vesicular secretion, less frequent than prostatic secretion and less than the two at the same time. It was also shown that reductions were more frequent in prostatic secretion than in vesicular secretion. This method may also be a valuable assistance in the diagnosis of certain urogenital infections. The dissociation between prostatic secretions of acid phosphatases and zinc may lead to the diagnosis of the infection in the posterior or lateral lobes of the prostate.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

[Epididymal hypertrophy after subepididymal hemicastration].

Following hemicastration, the epididymis on the non-operated side progressively hypertrophies and remains in this state for an unlimited length of time. This modification is due to an increase in androgens from the remaining testicle via lymphatics and/or lumen. This increase in weight seems to be due to an increase of testicular content by activation of in situ cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Thrombocytopenic thrombotic purpura in adults. 10 cases (author's transl)].

Thrombocytopenic thrombotic purpura is a rare condition of controverted pathophysiology. The authors have observed and treated 10 cases between 1974 and 1979. The clinical features were uniform: haemolytic anaemia with schistocytosis (10/10), thrombopenia (10/10), fever (9/10), varying neurological disorders (9/10) which required assisted ventilation in 7 cases. Renal insufficiency was found in 7 patients, but associated with renal lesions only one and never interfered with the course of the disease. All patients received corticosteroids in high dosage and anti-platelet aggregation drugs. That treatment alone cured 3 patients. In addition, 5 patients underwent plasmapheresis, which seemed to be very effective in 2 cases. Five patients died, 3 of whom despite corticosteroids, anti-aggregants and plasmapheresis. Thus, none of these treatments seems to be effective in all cases, and prospective multicentre therapeutic trials are probably required.

Adult↗