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Biomedical subjects

B Carpenter

Publications and source records attributed to B Carpenter.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

A combined elastic, fibrin and collagen stain.

A method is described which demonstrates nuclei, elastic fibers, red blood cells, collagen and fibrin. Nuclei and elastic fibers are stained by a modified Verhoeff's elastic tissue stain which was previously developed and used in the elastic-Masson combination. Both early fibrin and red blood cells are shown by lissamine fast yellow. Mature fibrin, some types of collagen and other cytoplasmic changes are stained by a combination of acid fuchsin, Biebrich scarlet and ponceau 2R, while old fibrin is demonstrated by the collagen stain. This method takes about 1 hr to perform and has the added advantage that several entities are clearly shown in a single slide.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1987

Potassium depletion enhances renal compensatory hypertrophy in the nephrectomized rat.

The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether dietary K depletion would stimulate further renal growth in rats subject to 5/6 nephrectomy. In 36 rats renal mass was reduced by left 2/3 nephrectomy and right complete nephrectomy. Rats were fed either a normal or K-free diet. Two weeks later, total renal mass, water, protein and RNA content were measured. Twenty-nine rats served as the controls for the two surgical procedures, for treatment on the K-free diet or control diet, and for repeated cardiac blood sampling. Two weeks of dietary K depletion in the sham-operated rats caused a 13% increase in total renal mass compared to sham-operated controls. There was no difference in the weight of the removed right kidney or body weight before initiation of the diet in nephrectomized rats. However, after 2 weeks of consuming the K-free diet, there was a 48% increase in the weight of the remnant left kidney in the K-depleted rats compared to the nephrectomized control rats (K-depleted 2.31 +/- 0.147 g vs. control 1.56 +/- 0.059 g, p less than 0.001). Renal tissue water content was only slightly elevated (3%) in the K-depleted nephrectomized rats and could not account for the 48% increase in renal mass in these animals. In addition, RNA content mg/g dry weight was 75% higher in K-depleted nephrectomized rats compared to their nephrectomized controls. We conclude that K depletion causes a greater increase in renal mass and RNA content than would otherwise occur in response to nephrectomy in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Results with cyclosporine in renal transplantation in patients who have lost two previous allografts.

We investigated the fate of the cadaver renal transplant done with cyclosporine and prednisone immunosuppression into a recipient who had suffered the loss of at least two prior allografts. Nineteen cadaver renal allografts were transplanted into 18 recipients. All 18 recipients had previously rejected at least two prior allografts. One of these rejected an allograft done at our institution with cyclosporine and prednisone and was included a second time in this series when a fourth allograft was received. Nine of 19 allografts were successfully transplanted. Average follow-up time was 39 months. Eight allografts were rejected. One graft was lost to technical complications. In one instance, the recipient died with a functioning graft. Duration of function of previous allografts was not found to be a critical determinant of third or fourth graft survival. Human leukocyte antigen matching was not a statistically significant determinant. Panel reactive antibody was higher in those who rejected the third or fourth allograft, but not with statistical significance. Recipients with the blood type A were less likely to enjoy successful third or fourth cadaver renal transplantation. We concluded that the "two time loser" renal allograft recipient should not be systematically denied subsequent transplantation.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1986

Ectopic renal tissue associated with an undescended testis: a case report.

We report a unique case of isolated ectopic renal tissue associated with an undescended testis. The pathological findings are outlined, and the embryology of renal and testicular development is reviewed. A possible explanation for ectopic renal tissue associated with an undescended testis is presented in conjunction with the normal embryology.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1985

Teratoma of the testis in a pubertal child.

We report an adult benign teratoma of the testis in a 12-year-old boy, which, to our knowledge, is the first reported instance of such a tumor developing during puberty. After radical inguinal orchiectomy all pathological sections proved to be consistent with a benign adult teratoma. This child is being followed closely.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1984

Long-term prostaglandin E1 therapy in congenital heart defects.

Seventeen neonates received an intravenous infusion of prostaglandin E1 for an average of 39 days (range 8 to 104). Seven (group 1) had transposition of the great arteries with no ventricular septal defect or a small one; eight (group 2) had ductus-dependent pulmonary flow (pulmonary atresia or stenosis in six and tricuspid atresia in two); and two (group 3) had aortic coarctation, one with no ventricular septal defect, the other with ventricular septal defect, isthmus hypoplasia and descending aortic flow supplied mainly by the ductus. An increase in the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) was seen in groups 1 and 2. Six patients from group 1 and two from group 2 developed heart failure; cortical hyperostosis of long bones was seen in three patients from group 1 and three from group 2; one from group 1 had refractory diarrhea. Other side effects seen at the beginning improved as the rate of infusion diminished. In group 3, the patient with complex coarctation had a decrease in blood pressure in the arms, an increase in pressure in the legs and restoration of renal function; in the patient with no ventricular septal defect, heart failure worsened during therapy. Histologic changes seen in three ductus were attributed to the closing process. When delaying surgery in selected ill infants with heart defects is deemed advantageous, long-term infusions of prostaglandin E1 are feasible.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1984

Influence of DR matching in cadaveric renal transplants performed with cyclosporine. A retrospective analysis of one center.

A retrospective analysis of 300 consecutive cadaveric renal allografts performed at our institution between August 1, 1981, and December 1, 1983, was performed to evaluate the influence of DR typing on graft and patient survival. All patients were treated with low-dose steroids and cyclosporine as the only means of immunosuppression. The group included 246 primary graft recipients and 54 retransplants. DR information was available on the donor and the recipient in 225 of these patients, and it was unavailable on the donor and/or recipient in 75 patients. In 49% of the cases in which information was available, 2 alleles were identified in the donor and in the recipient; in the remainder only 1 allele was identified in either the donor or recipient. The results were analyzed according to HLA/DR match and mismatch. Twelve-month graft survival for the 2-DR-match recipients was 67%, versus 78% for the 1-DR match and 76% for the O-DR match. These differences were not significant. For the O-DR mismatch, the one-year actuarial graft survival was 74%, for the 1-DR mismatch 78%, and for the 2-DR mismatch 79%. Again, there was no significant difference. There was no impact of DR matching on patient or graft survival up to 18 months. Additionally, no difference was found in any of the groups regarding the number of treated rejection episodes per patient or the amount of steroid received per patient at the end of a year. These results suggest that cyclosporine negates the effect of DR matching in cadaveric renal transplantation.

Cyclosporins↗
PubMed1982

Mechanism of perforation occurring in the intussuscipiens during hydrostatic reduction of intussusception.

Perforation of bowel during attempted hydrostatic reduction of an intussusception almost always occurs through the distal, apparently uninvolved bowel. It is probably never seen except in a group of at-risk children, under 6 months of age. It is not related to unduly high enema pressure, but to involvement of the blood supply in the intussusceptum and obstruction of the blood supply with resulting ischemic changes in the "apparently" uninvolved intussuscipiens. The authors provide support for their suggested mechanism by their findings at operation and in the resected specimens from seven children with an irreducible intussusception and one 5-month-old child whose bowel perforated during attempted hydrostatic reduction. Because children under 6 months of age are susceptible to perforation, hydrostatic reduction of intussuscepted bowel is contraindicated.

Colon↗
PubMed1981

Surgical complications of Kawasaki disease.

Four of 10 cases of Kawasaki disease (KD), mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, seen from 1975 to 1980 had serious surgical complications. These included gallbladder obstruction, massive necrosis of gallbladder, liver, duodenum, jejunum, and necrosis of digits of both hands. Less serious necrosis of adrenals, testes, bladder, and stomach were seen. The operative mortality rate was 25%. The etiology is unknown. The average age was 2 yr. There was no sex preponderance. The essential lesion is an arteritis and periarteritis initially involving small arteries and later the medium and large vessels.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Hemispheric asymmetries in schizophrenia.

The growing literature on hemispheric asymmetries in schizophrenic populations is critically reviewed. Studies of lateral asymmetries in schizophrenics are discussed which have employed a wide range of methodologies, including assessment of motor, sensory, electrophysiological, neuropsychological, and structural abnormalities. This literature is discussed in relation to two theoretical viewpoints, one emphasizing impaired functioning of the corpus callosum, and the other positing left hemisphere overactivation and dysfunction in schizophrenic populations. It is concluded that the hypothesis of impaired callosal function has not been adequately tested because of methodological problems, the most serious of which is the failure to show differential deficit. The hypothesis of left hemisphere abnormality has gained consistent support, although methodological problems were noted. This research suggests a structural locus for schizophrenic pathology which is consistent with the symptomatology of the disorder, and provides avenues for further research.

Adult↗