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Biomedical subjects

B Daicker

Publications and source records attributed to B Daicker.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Failure to control AIDS-related CMV-retinitis with intravenous ganciclovir.

Between January 1988 and May 1991 intravenous ganciclovir (GCV) treatment was administered to eight male AIDS-patients with unilateral cytomegalovirus (CMV)-retinitis. Despite of continuous therapy with at least the recommended dose of GCV, three patients developed slowly progressive CMV-retinitis in the fellow eye after 4 to 13 months. The progression could not be stopped by GCV and thus bilateral blindness resulted after 12 to 22 months. The number of CD4-lymphocytes in the blood was reduced in all patients, but particularly in patients with progressive disease. Treatment failure was partly related to the duration of CMV-retinitis and partly to the degree of immunodeficiency. Intravenous treatment with GCV alone can not stop the progression of CMV-retinitis in long-term survivors and in those with advanced immunodeficiency.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1992

[Orbitocranial plasmacytoma: a case report].

A female patient aged 79 years suffered from a unilateral, slowly progressive and painless exophthalmus. The investigations lead to the diagnosis of a voluminous plasma cell tumor involving the fossa infratemporalis, a part of the lateral orbit, as well as the middle and anterior cerebral fossae. This rare case is described and placed in its clinico-pathological context.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Morphologic aspects of therapy-resistant cytomegalovirus retinitis].

Intravenous ganciclovir treatment was performed in eight male AIDS patients with primary unilateral CMV-retinitis. Three patients developed slowly progressive CMV-retinitis in the fellow eye despite adequate dose of ganciclovir. These different CMV-manifestations are shown in a sequence of fundus pictures. Three types of CMV-lesions were observed in connection with this study. Untreated central lesions showed the aspect of crumbled cheese and ketchup. Untreated lesions in the peripherie were yellowish-white, granular, "dry" and showed in most cases no haemorrhages. Lesions appearing during treatment showed initially "dry" white opaque subretinal areas, turning later on to the typical aspect of untreated lesions. The progression could not be stopped by highdose ganciclovir i.v. and thus bilateral blindness resulted after 12 to 22 months. The level of CD4-lymphocytes in the blood was diminished in all patients, but much more in patients with progressive disease.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

Bietti's corneal-retinal dystrophy. A 16-year progression.

Bietti's crystalline corneal-retinal dystrophy is characterized by deposits of crystals in the marginal cornea and the paracentral and peripapillary retina. To date, only three cases with long term follow-up have been reported. The case of another patient, who has been observed for 16 years, is reported here. The most striking morphologic feature during the period of examination was the diminution of the retinal crystals, an optical phenomenon that appears to be due to the advanced atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium. The progressive course is documented photographically.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Distended optic nerve sheaths in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy.

Distension of the optic nerve sheaths is a feature of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) that has attracted attention only recently. We followed a patient with LHON for 23 years and obtained his eyes for pathological examination after death. We report the first histologic description of distension of the optic nerve sheaths, together with typical histopathological findings of LHON. Distension of the optic nerve sheaths could not be accounted for by any etiology other than LHON, although the precise pathogenic mechanisms remain enigmatic.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Microvasculopathy in the ocular fundus after bone marrow transplantation.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence and time course of retinal and optic-disk ischemia after bone marrow transplantation and to describe the clinical, fluorescein-angiographic, and histologic findings in patients with these ischemic fundus lesions. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study; standardized clinical and ophthalmologic evaluation of all patients before bone marrow transplantation and 3, 6, and 12 months after transplantation (and when indicated). SETTING: University hospitals in Basel, Switzerland. PATIENTS: Consecutive patients (127) treated with allogeneic or autologous bone marrow grafts. MAIN RESULTS: Thirteen of the 127 patients (10%; 95% Cl, 5% to 15%) had lesions of the ocular microcirculation. All patients had cotton-wool spots in the fundus of both eyes, and three patients also had bilateral optic-disk edema. Secondary changes included retinal hemorrhages and lipid deposits. The ischemic fundus lesions appeared during the first 6 months after transplantation and were reversible in 9 of the 13 patients. The lesions occurred only in patients who were treated with total body irradiation and were given cyclosporin A as prophylaxis for graft-versus-host disease. CONCLUSIONS: Ischemic fundus lesions are a frequent complication after bone marrow transplantation. They were only observed in patients treated with total body irradiation and cyclosporin A. This combination of therapy appears to have an additive effect on the development of ocular and possibly generalized microvascular lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Simultaneous corneal transplantation in mucopolysaccharidosis].

We report the case of a 14 year old girl who obtained simultaneous penetrating keratoplasty for corneal opacity with functional loss as a consequence of a mucopolysaccharidosis typ Hurler/Scheie. Postoperatively, the host cornea displayed partial clearing. We discuss mechanisms possibly involved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Oculocerebral malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma. A report of 5 cases].

Five patients, age 35 to 77, with histologically proven malignent ocular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (previously known as reticulum cell sarkoma) are presented. The clinical ocular findings (vitreous infiltrates, retinal infiltrates, anterior uveitis) were initially misinterpreted as "panuveitis". The usual antiinflammatory therapie a temporary diminution of the "uveitis" could be observed. Four cases showed a histologically proven CNS involvement. All the patients (except the one in whom the correct diagnosis was made post mortem) received cerebral radiation therapie, including the eyes. Under the radiation therapy the ocular findings disappeared within a few weeks. The longtime prognosis for the eye and quoad vitam is unfortunately not promissing.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

[46-year follow up of malignant transformation of choroid nevus with vascularized surface drusen].

The unusual long and atypical clinical course of a prominent black choroidal tumor is presented. It was stationary for decades and became symptomatic for many years. The histologic findings post mortem showed a choroidal nervus with focal malignant change. Its symptoms were obviously caused by subretinal vascularized soft drusen. Only two histologic descriptions of this little-known change over choroidal nevi and two of histologically proven malignant transformations of choroidal nevi are published up to now.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[CMV retinitis in AIDS--a pre-final complication?].

The appearance of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS is regarded as an unfavourable sign, it was even considered in the first years of the HIV-epidemic to be a pre-final complication. The survival period after diagnosis of the retinitis is under virostatic therapy generally given as several months, only exceptionally as more than a year. We report here 3 cases of CMV retinitis in AIDS having an unusually long duration of 14-24 months. The clinical and histological results with the pecularities (resistance to therapy, optic atrophy, retinal atrophy with detachment, atypical peripheral fundus lesions) are presented. The importance of ophthalmological care of HIV-patients is indicated and a screening procedure is suggested.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

[Adenoma of the pigmented epithelium of the iris with endothelialization and descemetization in the horse].

The authors describe peculiar tumors with brown-white piebald anterior surface, which had grown bilaterally from the corpora nigra (C.N.) of an adult horse and occluded the pupils. The surgical procedure for removing the larger tumor and the postoperative treatment are described. The findings by light and electron microscopy suggest that the tumor represent a so-called adenoma of the iris pigment epithelium. The white patches on its surface consist of newly formed Descemet-like material produced by displaced corneal endothelial cells, which have probably grown on the tumor after contact with the posterior face of the cornea.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

[HIV patient and eyes].

A large percentage of patients in stage IV of HIV infection (CDC classification) show changes in the ocular fundus. Most frequent are functionally unimportant cotton-wool spots resulting from a HIV-associated microvasculopathy. Infectious retinitis due to opportunistic organisms is in most cases caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV). Untreated patients may become blind. In case of general or local treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis with ganciclovir, sight may be preserved on a long-term basis. The ophthalmoscopic appearance of the typical changes and their histological substrate are presented, and modes of treatment are discussed. By direct ophthalmoscopy and visual acuity testing any physician can diagnose these fundus changes. Cotton-wool spots only require follow-up. In retinitis an ophthalmologist should be consulted. A screening procedure is suggested.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Retrolental cloudiness of the vitreous humor in the rat eye].

Small globular vitreous opacities were observed by routine slit lamp eye examinations in aged Sprague-Dawley rats. This finding occurs first in about 5% of the animals at the age of 58-89 weeks. In rats 101-134 weeks old, the incidence of this finding increases up to approximately 20%. Wistar rats show these vitreous opacities only rarely; and if so, they occur at the age of at least 101-134 weeks. The histological examinations revealed retrolental protein globules without any inflammatory response which probably consist of lens cortex material. The lenses showed a fragmentation with small gaps of the capsule at the posterior pole as well as posterior sutural cataracts. We believed that strain and age dependent degenerative changes of the posterior lens capsule are the cause of the extrusion of lens protein into the vitreous.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

[Homolateral episcleral metastasis or surgical seeding of a proton-irradiated ciliary body melanoma?].

In an eye with a proton beam-irradiated malignant melanoma of the ciliary body a second melanoma appeared episclerally on the opposite side of the globe. Microscopic examination did not show any connection to the primary tumor. The different possibilities of pathogenesis (bloodborn metastasis to the same globe, episcleral metastasis by conjunctival lymphatics, surgical dissemination due to the suturing of tantalum marks around the primary tumor) are discussed. The ciliary melanoma has spread over the iris despite the irradiation, probably as a result of insufficient irradiation of its anterior border. The results of histologic examination of the partially necrotic, partially viable irradiated tumor are considered with regard to the conservative tumor therapy administered.

Ciliary Body↗
PubMed1988

Cytomegalovirus panuveitis with infection of corneo-trabecular endothelium in AIDS.

The clinical history and the pathohistological findings of both eyes of a homosexual man with AIDS and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection are reported. A CMV panuveitis with cytomegalic transformation of vascular endothelium was present in the posterior and anterior uvea as well as a typical CMV retinitis. In addition, a CMV infection of smooth muscle cells in the iris and ciliary body as well as of endothelial cells of the cornea and the aqueous drainage system were found for the first time.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Canthaxanthin retinopathy. An investigation by light and electron microscopy and physicochemical analysis.

The eyes of a patient with canthaxanthin retinopathy were obtained at autopsy and examined by light and electron microscopy. Various tissues of one eye were also studied by physicochemical methods. Morphologically, there were red, birefringent, lipid-soluble crystals in the inner layers of the entire retina. They were particularly large and numerous perifoveally, where they were also clinically visible, but they also occurred frequently in a ring-shaped form peripherally and, less frequently, equatorially. The crystals were located in a spongy degeneration of the inner neuropil, where atrophy of the inner parts of the Müller cells was noticed. The compound isolated from the retina was identical with synthetic canthaxanthin according to mass and proton-resonance spectroscopy. Quantitatively, the retina contained up to 42 micrograms canthaxanthin per gram of tissue besides a minor amount of other carotenoids. Of the other tissues of the eye, only the ciliary body contained measurable concentrations of canthaxanthin. From the great number and size of the crystals, on the one hand, and the relatively small amount of isolated canthaxanthin on the other, it was concluded that the crystals presumably represent a canthaxanthin-lipoprotein complex rather than pure canthaxanthin alone. Examination showed that clinically, only the central portion of the canthaxanthin thesaurismosis, where crystals are packed most densely, can be seen.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Wound healing of the corneal posterior surface in animal experiments].

Autoradiographic studies using tritiated thymidine as a precursor of DNA synthesis show that the process of wound healing of the corneal endothelium in both rhesus monkeys and rabbits following scarification and cryocoagulation takes place for the most part by means of cell proliferation. After injection of tritiated thymidine into the anterior chamber immediately prior to sacrifice, autoradiographically labeled flat mounts and cross-section preparations of the corneas of 7 rhesus monkeys and 14 rabbits were examined at lesion ages ranging from 4 hours to 10 days. In the monkeys scarcely 10% of the endothelial cells in the areas of the corneal lesions or at their borders were in the S-phase in the autoradiographically labeled flat mounts 24 hours to 3 days after injury, whereas up to 39% of those in the rabbits were seen to be so after 18 hours. In the monkeys one could discern mitoses between the 2nd and 5th days, and amitoses (binuclear cells) were found in 1-day and 3-day animals. In rabbits numerous mitoses could be discerned between the 1st and 5st days, but no multinuclear cells were seen. Healing of the corneal endothelium in the monkeys occurred some-what later and was less pronounced than in the rabbits.

Animals↗