The Medline-indexed literature on risk factors for HPV infection and HPV transmission is critically reviewed. Principles for assay validation and interpretation, reliability of different study designs and principles for interpretation of conflicting reports are discussed. The conclusions arrived at can be summarised as: (1) There is overwhelming epidemiological evidence that the only quantitatively important mode of transmission of infection with oncogenic genital HPV types is sexual. (2) There is also evidence that benign genital HPV types can be transmitted sexually, but the epidemiological data on the benign virus types are less extensive and less clear. (3) Perinatal HPV transmission is unequivocally demonstrated only for the rare disease juvenile respiratory papillomatosis.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A correlative cytologic and histologic study of malignant fibrous histiocytoma: an analysis of 40 cases examined by fine-needle aspiration cytology.

A correlative cytologic and histologic study of 40 cases of histologically highly pleomorphic malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is presented. The fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed preoperatively, and a diagnosis of malignant soft-tissue tumor could be established in all cases. The cytologic and histologic features corresponded well with each other. The two main cell types were mono- and multinucleated, large polymorphic, often bizarre, histiocyte-like cells and atypical fibroblast-like cells. For a correct diagnosis of pleomorphic MFH, it is important to recognize atypical large polymorphic tumor cells showing signs of phagocytosis: prominent cytoplasmic vacuolization, cell debris or even well-preserved cells within the tumor cell cytoplasm. Phagocytic activity was easily demonstrated in air-dried and May-Grünwald Giemsa-stained material. The differential diagnosis of MFH as opposed to other soft-tissue sarcomas and pleomorphic carcinomas is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Purity and transplantation properties of tumor cell suspensions.

Cell debris is inevitably produced by the mechanical and enzymatic procedures used to dissociate solid tumors. We investigated the influence of such debris on the i.v. and s.c. transplantability of B16 melanoma cells. Cell suspensions were centrifuged on a Percoll cushion to remove the debris, and the purified preparations were compared to untreated control suspensions. The i.v. injection of a massive dose (10(6) cells) of unpurified cells killed the animals within a few minutes, while the same amount of purified cells left the animals unaffected. When 5 X 10(5) cells were given, animals receiving purified cell suspensions had more extrapulmonary tumors at their time of death than those given unpurified cells. However, with a lower cell dose, 2 X 10(4) cells, there were no such differences in tumor incidence or distribution.

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