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Biomedical subjects

B Jacobs

Publications and source records attributed to B Jacobs.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Enhanced DNA synthesis of human glial cells exposed to human leukocyte products.

DNA synthesis was studied in primary glial cell cultures derived from adult human non-neoplastic and neoplastic brain tissues. Enhanced DNA synthesis occurred in 5/5 non-neoplastic astrocyte, one oligodendroglioma, and 2/5 astrocytoma cultures after exposure to medium containing 1.25-12.5% supernatant fluid (SF) from insoluble concanavalin A (Con A) stimulated unseparated or T lymphocyte-enriched human mononuclear leukocytes (MNL). Analyses of SF indicated that the presence of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) could not account for glial cell stimulation, and exposure to semi-purified interleukin-2 (IL-2) in amounts comparable to those in SF from Con A-stimulated MNL had no effect on glial cells. These data indicate that non-neoplastic astrocytes and other human glial cells are stimulated by products of human MNL.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1985

Intramuscular meptazinol and morphine in postoperative pain.

Meptazinol is an agonist-antagonist opioid analgesic believed to be unique in its selectivity for mu1 (high affinity) receptors and its cholinergic activity. Our objectives were to determine the relative analgesic potency of intramuscular meptazinol and morphine and to compare mood and side effects in 102 patients with cancer who have postoperative pain. Meptazinol (50, 100, and 200 mg) and morphine (4, 8, and 16 mg) were given for moderate to severe pain in a double-blind, randomized but balanced, incomplete block design. Serial multiple assessments of pain, relief, mood, and side effects were made. The most precise estimates of relative analgesic potency indicate that meptazinol is equivalent to 10 mg morphine at 120 mg (95% confidence interval 80 to 170 mg) for peak effect and at 175 mg (95% confidence interval 125 to 270 mg) for total effect. Mean (+/- SE) times to peak effect and to remedication were 0.9 +/- 0.1 and 3.6 +/- 0.2 hours for meptazinol and 1.4 +/- 0.1 and 4.8 +/- 0.4 hours for morphine at equianalgesic peak effects. The percentages of subjects with one or more side effects were 18, 49, and 73 for graded meptazinol doses and 32, 49, and 65 for graded morphine doses. Mean numbers of side effects per subject were 0.3, 1.5, and 3.5 for meptazinol and 0.5, 0.7, and 1.7 for morphine. Profiles of side effects differed. Mood improvement and overall satisfaction were dose related and greater for morphine than for meptazinol. Side effects may limit the use of meptazinol in doses that relieve severe postoperative pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Femoral neck fractures complicating Gaucher disease in children.

In normal children, fractures of the femoral neck are uncommon and accompany severe trauma and multiple injuries elsewhere in the skeleton [16, 17]. In children with Gaucher disease, a rare hereditary disorder of lipid metabolism, midcervical or basicervical fractures can occur with minor or no trauma and without other injury to the skeleton. Three children with Gaucher disease who developed pathologic fractures of the femoral neck are described. In all three, the fractures occurred between five and nine years of age, and the fracture lines passed through areas of abnormal bone characterized by poorly defined patches of increased and decreased density and cortical thinning along the medial femoral necks. In the affected hips, there was no evidence of avascular necrosis of the femoral heads at the time of injury. One child's fracture was preceded by multiple bone "crises" localized to the proximal femora.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Thrombocytosis: an acute-phase reactant, not an adverse reaction to the new beta-lactam antibiotics.

Thrombocytosis has been described as an adverse drug reaction in up to 30% of patients treated with new beta-lactam antibiotics. We evaluated 350 patients with acute noninfectious conditions and infectious diseases treated with a variety of new and old agents. Results indicate that thrombocytosis is an acute-phase reactant and not an adverse reaction to any antimicrobial agent.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

Analysis of leukocyte adherence to measles-infected cells in multiple sclerosis.

An assay for leukocyte adherence to measles-infected cells (MIC) was evaluated in 56 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), 37 normal subjects, 29 patients with nonneurological diseases, and 57 patients with other neurological diseases. In the assay, rosettes were formed consisting of three or more leukocytes adherent to one MIC. Two aspects of the rosetting phenomenon were analyzed: (1) quantity of rosettes and (2) quantity of leukocytes contained in the rosettes. By both criteria significant differences (p less than 0.05) were observed between MS patients and subjects in other groups, but data sets overlapped extensively. Results in MS patients were variable; some MIC lines produced more leukocyte adherence than did others, even though all lines had surface measles antigen present. A low degree of leukocyte adherence to uninfected cell lines was also observed frequently in MS. Exposure of MS leukocytes to extracts of MIC or oligodendroglioma tissue prior to the rosette assay significantly (p less than 0.05) decreased rosette formation. These data suggest that leukocyte adherence to target cells in MS is partially dependent on target cell expression of determinants, which may resemble glial antigens.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1981

Comrades in crisis.

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Financial Management↗
PubMed1980

Binding of arylazidocytochrome c derivatives to beef heart cytochrome c oxidase: cross-linking in the high- and low-affinity binding sites.

Two arylazidocytochrome c derivatives, one modified at lysine-13 and the second modified at lysine-22, were reacted with beef heart cytochrome c oxidase. The lysine-13 modified arylazidocytochrome c was found to cross-link both to the enzyme and with lipid bound to the cytochrome c oxidase complex. The lysine-22 derivative reacted only with lipids. Cross-linking to protein was through subunit II of the cytochrome c oxidase complex, as first reported by Bisson et al. [Bisson, R., Azzi, A., Gutweniger, H., Colonna, R., Monteccuco, C., & Zanotti, A. (1978) J. Biol. Chem. 253, 1874]. Binding studies show that the cytochrome c derivative covalently bound to subunit II was in the high-affinity binding site for the substrate. Evidence is also presented to suggest that cytochrome c bound to the lipid was in the low-affinity binding site [as defined by Ferguson-Miller et al. [Ferguson-Miller, S., Brautigan, D. L., & Margoliash, E. (1976) J. Biol. Chem. 251, 1104]]. Covalent binding of the cytochrome c derivative into the high-affinity binding site was found to inhibit electron transfer even when native cytochrome c was added as a substrate. Inhibition was almost complete when 1 mol of the Lys-13 modified arylazidocytochrome c was covalently bound to the enzyme per cytochrome c oxidase dimer (i.e., congruent to 280 000 daltons). Covalent binding of either derivative with lipid (low-affinity site) had very little effect on the overall electron transfer activity of cytochrome c oxidase. These results are discussed in terms of current theories of cytochrome c-cytochrome c oxidase interactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Recurrent dislocation of the shoulder after age fifty.

Recurrent dislocation of the shoulder is infrequent in patients over the age of 50. In a small group of 6 patients with an average age of 64 years and multiple recurrences, 4 subsequently were treated by anterior capsulorraphy (Bankart). There was an unusual degree of loose jointedness in all 6 cases. When compared with a group of patients under the age of 30 with recurrent dislocation of the shoulder, the older group was functionally rated 19.4 out of a possible score of 25 points, compared with a rating of 10.8 in the younger group. In the older population, recurrent dislocation may become a problem if the patient is loose-jointed. Immobilization for 3 to 4 weeks may not be helpful in this group of patients. Anterior capsulorraphy is as successful as in younger patients and is not followed by unusual joint stiffness.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Cell-mediated cytotoxicity to cardiac cells of lymphocytes from patients with primary myocardial disease.

The etiology of primary myocardial disease is unknown. With the advent of immunologic technics, an immune process related to primary myocardial disease has been sought, but none has been elucidated as diagnostic or causative. The authors attempted to study the possibility of a cell-mediated component in the etiology of primary myocardial disease. Cell-mediated immunologic injury of cultured, human myocardial cells was studied in cells from patients with primary myocardial disease and controls by means of a 51chromium-release method. Significant lymphocytic cytotoxicity against myocardial cells was detected in cells from 23 (30%) of 73 patients with primary myocardial disease, compared with two (4%) of 49 normal, healthy control subjects. Significant cytotoxicity was also observed in cells from 36 (24%) of 148 patients who had other cardiac diseases, mainly rheumatic and atherosclerotic diseases. No group showed cytotoxicity against a long-term culture of Chang hepatic cells. No clinical correlation between the severity of the disease and increased cytotoxicity could be found. It is concluded that lymphocytic reactivity against myocardial cells probably results from myocardial damage due to a variety of causes, and that it is not specific for primary myocardial disease.

Cardiomyopathies↗